Mystery machine: the complex roles of NLRX1 in viral infection DOI Creative Commons
Mackenzie K. Woolls, Chris Elliott,

Hannah M. Ivester

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 28, 2025

Effective antiviral immunity requires a delicate balance between controlling infection and preventing excessive inflammation. NLRX1, an atypical member of the NOD-like receptor family, plays crucial regulatory role in this process by modulating immune responses to both RNA DNA viruses. Unlike other NLRs, NLRX1 does not directly activate inflammatory pathways, but rather fine tunes through interactions with key signaling initiators like MAVS, FAF1, viral RNA, FBXO6. These allow influence pathways highly context-dependent manner. In virus infections, can either enhance restrict replication or suppress type 1 IFN promote persistence. Similarly, exerts protective pathogenic effects, though precise mechanisms remain unclear. Emerging evidence suggests that may also serve as regulator inflammation metabolic processes during infection, further contributing its complex immunity. By synthesizing current research, review provides insight into how regulates highlighting dynamic remaining gaps our understanding.

Language: Английский

Mystery machine: the complex roles of NLRX1 in viral infection DOI Creative Commons
Mackenzie K. Woolls, Chris Elliott,

Hannah M. Ivester

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 28, 2025

Effective antiviral immunity requires a delicate balance between controlling infection and preventing excessive inflammation. NLRX1, an atypical member of the NOD-like receptor family, plays crucial regulatory role in this process by modulating immune responses to both RNA DNA viruses. Unlike other NLRs, NLRX1 does not directly activate inflammatory pathways, but rather fine tunes through interactions with key signaling initiators like MAVS, FAF1, viral RNA, FBXO6. These allow influence pathways highly context-dependent manner. In virus infections, can either enhance restrict replication or suppress type 1 IFN promote persistence. Similarly, exerts protective pathogenic effects, though precise mechanisms remain unclear. Emerging evidence suggests that may also serve as regulator inflammation metabolic processes during infection, further contributing its complex immunity. By synthesizing current research, review provides insight into how regulates highlighting dynamic remaining gaps our understanding.

Language: Английский

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