Local conditions magnify coral loss after marine heatwaves

Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 372(6545), P. 977 - 980

Published: May 27, 2021

Climate change threatens coral reefs by causing heat stress events that lead to widespread bleaching and mortality. Given the global nature of these mass mortality events, recent studies argue mitigating climate is only path conserve reefs. Using a analysis 223 sites, we show local stressors act synergistically with kill corals. Local factors such as high abundance macroalgae or urchins magnified loss in year after bleaching. Notably, combined effects increasing intensified loss. Our results offer an optimistic premise effective management, alongside efforts mitigate change, can help survive Anthropocene.

Language: Английский

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Nitrogen pollution interacts with heat stress to increase coral bleaching across the seascape

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 117(10), P. 5351 - 5357

Published: Feb. 24, 2020

Climate change is increasing the frequency and magnitude of temperature anomalies that cause coral bleaching, leading to widespread mortality stony corals can fundamentally alter reef structure function. However, bleaching often spatially variable for a given heat stress event, drivers this heterogeneity are not well resolved. While small-scale experiments have shown excess nitrogen increase susceptibility colony we lack evidence in pollution shape spatial patterns across seascape. Using island-wide surveys availability within Bayesian hierarchical modeling framework, tested hypothesis interacts with two dominant genera branching Moorea, French Polynesia. For both genera, Pocillopora Acropora, primarily drove prevalence (i.e., proportion colonies on bleached). In contrast, severity an individual bleached) was positively associated genera. Importantly, interacted up twofold when high relatively low. Our finding trigger severe even under low implies mitigating nutrient may enhance resilience communities face mounting stresses from global climate change.

Language: Английский

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Impacts of nitrogen pollution on corals in the context of global climate change and potential strategies to conserve coral reefs

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 774, P. 145017 - 145017

Published: Feb. 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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Landscape‐scale patterns of nutrient enrichment in a coral reef ecosystem: implications for coral to algae phase shifts

Ecological Applications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 31(1)

Published: Sept. 24, 2020

Nutrient pollution is altering coastal ecosystems worldwide. On coral reefs, excess nutrients can favor the production of algae at expense reef-building corals, yet role in driving community changes such as shifts from to macroalgae not well understood. Here we investigate potential anthropogenic nutrient loading recent coral-to-macroalgae phase on reefs lagoons surrounding Pacific island Moorea, French Polynesia. We use nitrogen (N) tissue content and stable isotopes (δ15 N) an abundant macroalga (Turbinaria ornata) together with empirical models discharge describe spatial temporal patterns enrichment lagoons. then employ time series data test whether increases are associated nutrients. Our results revealed that N were linked several factors, including rainfall, wave-driven circulation, distance sources, especially human sewage. Reefs near large watersheds, where inputs sewage agriculture high, have been consistently enriched for least last decade. In many these areas, corals decreased increased, while lower levels input maintained high cover low macroalgae. Importantly, patchy occurred despite substantial island-wide density biomass herbivorous fishes over period. Together, indicate may be important driver Moorea even though harbor diverse herbivore assemblage. These emphasize bottom-up factors play underscore critical importance watershed management reducing other land-based pollutants reef ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Turbid Coral Reefs: Past, Present and Future—A Review

Diversity, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 251 - 251

Published: June 7, 2021

Increasing evidence suggests that coral reefs exposed to elevated turbidity may be more resilient climate change impacts and serve as an important conservation hotspot. However, logistical difficulties in studying turbid environments have led poor representation of these reef types within the scientific literature, with studies using different methods definitions characterize reefs. Here we review geological origins growth histories from Holocene (past), their current ecological environmental states (present), potential responses resilience increasing local global pressures (future). We classify new descriptors based on regime (persistent, fluctuating, transitional) sources sediment input (natural versus anthropogenic). Further, by comparing composition, function two most studied reefs, Paluma Shoals Reef Complex, Australia turbidity) Singapore (anthropogenic turbidity), found them distinct status. As geographic range is expected increase due stressors, improving our understanding will central efforts.

Language: Английский

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Nutrient-supplying ocean currents modulate coral bleaching susceptibility

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 6(34)

Published: Aug. 21, 2020

Nutrients become a death knell 5 for corals as the ocean warms.

Language: Английский

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A review of a decade of lessons from one of the world’s largest MPAs: conservation gains and key challenges

Marine Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 167(11)

Published: Oct. 14, 2020

Language: Английский

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Nitrogen source type modulates heat stress response in coral symbiont ( Cladocopium goreaui )

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

ABSTRACT Ocean warming due to climate change endangers coral reefs, and regional nitrogen overloading exacerbates the vulnerability of reef-building corals as dual stress disrupts coral–Symbiodiniaceae mutualism. Different forms may create different interactive effects with thermal stress, but underlying mechanisms remain elusive. To address gap, we measured compared physiological transcriptional responses Symbiodiniaceae Cladocopium goreaui heat (31°C) when supplied types (nitrate, ammonium, or urea). Under (HS), cell proliferation photosynthesis C. declined, while size, lipid storage, total antioxidant capacity increased, both varied extents depending on type. Nitrate-cultured cells exhibited most robust acclimation HS, evidenced by fewest differentially expressed genes (DEGs) less ROS accumulation, possibly activated nitrate reduction enhanced ascorbate biogenesis. Ammonium-grown cultures higher algal scavenging carotenoid quenching, potentially reduced host recognizability downregulation N-glycan biosynthesis genes. Urea utilization led greatest accumulation involved in photorespiration, plant respiratory burst oxidase (RBOH), protein refolding were markedly upregulated, cutdown photosynthate available photoinhibition selfish indicating detrimental urea overloading. The differential nitrogen-type documented here has significant implication mutualism, which requires further research. IMPORTANCE Regional pollution globally rising sea-surface temperature, exerting effects. How this occurs is poorly understood understudied. This study explored mechanism comparing a symbiont under supplies results showed some common, well unique, N-source dependent responses. These findings underscore that eutrophication not all same, form should be considered conservation, special attention given pollution.

Language: Английский

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Unravelling the different causes of nitrate and ammonium effects on coral bleaching

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: July 20, 2020

Mass coral bleaching represents one of the greatest threats to reefs and has mainly been attributed seawater warming. However, reduced water quality can also interact with warming increase bleaching, but this interaction depends on nutrient ratios forms. In particular, nitrate (NO3-) enrichment reduces thermal tolerance while ammonium (NH4+) tends benefit health. The biochemical mechanisms underpinning different responses corals exposed DIN still need be investigated. Here, we demonstrated that Stylophora pistillata underwent a severe oxidative stress condition aerobic scope when NO3- combined stress. Such resulted in increased intensity compared low-nitrogen condition. On contrary, NH4+ was able amend deleterious effects by favoring status energy metabolism holobiont. Overall, our results demonstrate opposite are related corals' energy/redox status. As loading coastal waters is predicted significantly future due agriculture land-based pollution, there for urgent management actions prevent increases levels seawater. addition, maintenance important fish stocks, which provide recycled nitrogen such as ammonium, should favoured.

Language: Английский

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Sunscreen pollution and tourism governance: Science and innovation are necessary for biodiversity conservation and sustainable tourism

Aquatic Conservation Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(5), P. 896 - 906

Published: March 1, 2022

Abstract Sunscreen pollution can be a symptom of unsustainable tourism and coastal development, impacting marine aquatic resources. When introduced into freshwater ecosystems, sunscreen cause cascade insults to the ecological structure, from primary production reducing wildlife reproductive viability fecundity. Without intervention, its associated development in these areas may become self‐destructive, ultimately degrading or destroying natural resources that are principal attractions. The environmental sciences focus on pollution, such as ecotoxicology, contaminant surveys monitoring, risk assessments critical for both describing phenomenon identifying sources, well providing basis mitigation. As case study, Republic Palau has taken step implementing precautionary governance policy conserves protects chemical factors known contribute cosmetic pollution. Governance policies inspire fashion industries innovate product formulations shown ecologically safer – viable option mitigation an essential component sustained conservation. Safer products approach governance, when combined with culturally cognizant branding education, authentic experience effectively promotes environmentally sustainable tourism.

Language: Английский

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