Global Change Biology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
29(2), P. 417 - 431
Published: Oct. 31, 2022
By
the
century's
end,
many
tropical
seas
will
reach
temperatures
exceeding
most
coral
species'
thermal
tolerance
on
an
annual
basis.
The
persistence
of
corals
in
these
regions
will,
therefore,
depend
their
abilities
to
tolerate
recurrent
stress.
Although
ecologists
have
long
recognized
that
positive
interspecific
interactions
can
ameliorate
environmental
stress
expand
realized
niche
plants
and
animals,
bleaching
studies
largely
overlooked
how
with
community
members
outside
holobiont
shape
response.
Here,
we
subjected
a
common
coral,
Pocillopora
grandis,
10
days
aquaria
without
damselfish
Dascyllus
flavicaudus
(yellowtail
dascyllus),
which
commonly
shelter
within
corals,
examine
impacted
tolerance.
Corals
often
benefit
from
nutrients
excreted
by
animals
they
interact
prior
stress,
grown
showed
improved
photophysiology
(Fv
/Fm
)
developed
larger
endosymbiont
populations.
When
exposed
fish
performed
as
well
control
maintained
at
ambient
fish.
In
contrast,
experienced
photophysiological
impairment,
more
than
50%
decline
density,
36%
decrease
tissue
protein
content.
At
end
experiment,
caused
average
calcification
rates
over
80%
when
were
absent
but
increase
nearly
25%
present.
Our
study
indicates
damselfish-derived
are
consistent
Stress
Gradient
Hypothesis,
predicts
become
increasingly
important
for
structuring
communities
increases.
Because
warming
just
few
degrees
exceed
corals'
temperature
trigger
mortality,
could
play
critical
role
maintaining
some
species
until
climate
change
is
aggressively
addressed.
Ecosphere,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Abstract
Mounting
evidence
suggests
that
fishing
can
be
a
major
driver
of
coral‐to‐macroalgae
regime
shifts
on
tropical
reefs.
In
many
small‐scale
coral
reef
fisheries,
fishers
target
herbivorous
fishes,
which
weaken
resilience
via
reduced
herbivory
macroalgae
then
outcompete
corals.
Previous
models
explored
the
effects
harvesting
herbivores
revealed
hysteresis
in
herbivory–benthic
state
relationship
results
bistability
coral‐
and
macroalgae‐dominated
states
over
some
levels
pressure,
has
been
supported
by
empirical
evidence.
However,
past
have
not
accounted
for
functional
differences
among
or
how
fisher
selectivity
different
herbivore
groups
may
alter
benthic
dynamics
resilience.
Here,
we
use
dynamic
model
links
differential
two
key
to
outcome
competitive
between
macroalgae.
We
show
depends
only
level
but
also
types
targeted
fishers.
Selectively
browsing
are
capable
consuming
mature
(e.g.,
unicornfish)
increases
precariousness
moving
system
close
tipping
point.
By
contrast,
selectively
grazing
preventing
from
becoming
established
parrotfishes)
increase
catch
yields
substantially
more
before
point
is
reached.
this
lower
with
increasing
effort
comes
at
cost
range
bistable;
makes
shift
triggered
disturbance
difficult
impractical
reverse.
Our
suggest
management
strategies
fisheries
should
consider
harvested
coupled
influence
light
trade‐off
recovery
following
large
disturbances.
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
8
Published: Oct. 15, 2020
Thermal
stress
increases
community
diversity,
variability,
and
the
abundance
of
potentially
pathogenic
microbial
taxa
in
coral
microbiome.
Nutrient
pollution
such
as
excess
nitrogen
can
also
interact
with
thermal
to
exacerbate
host
fitness
degradation.
However,
it
is
unclear
how
different
forms
(nitrate
vs.
ammonium/urea)
bleaching-level
temperature
drive
changes
microbiomes,
especially
on
reefs
histories
resilience.
We
used
a
13-month
field
experiment
spanning
event
Austral
summer
2016
oligotrophic
fore
reef
Mo'orea,
French
Polynesia
test
urea)
impact
resistance
resilience
microbiomes.
For
Acropora,
Pocillopora,
Porites
corals,
we
found
no
significant
differences
diversity
metrics
between
control,
nitrate-
urea-treated
corals
during
stress.
In
fact,
may
have
overwhelmed
any
effects
nitrogen.
Although
all
three
hosts
were
dominated
by
bacterial
clade
Endozoicomonas
which
proposed
beneficial
symbiont,
each
differed
through
time
patterns
variability.
These
reflect
strategies
for
restructuring
or
maintaining
microbiome
composition
cope
environmental
Contrary
our
expectation,
post-stress
microbiomes
did
not
return
pre-stress
composition,
but
rather
less
diverse
increasingly
Endozoicomonas.
The
dominance
10
months
after
peak
sea
surface
temperatures
suggest
its
ability
utilize
metabolic
products
sustained
competitive
advantage
against
other
members.
If
proliferation
warm
could
provide
evidence
mitigate
holobiont
dysbiosis
PeerJ,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
8, P. e8737 - e8737
Published: April 2, 2020
While
various
sources
increasingly
release
nutrients
to
the
Red
Sea,
knowledge
about
their
effects
on
benthic
coral
reef
communities
is
scarce.
Here,
we
provide
first
comparative
assessment
of
response
all
major
groups
(hard
and
soft
corals,
turf
algae
sands—together
accounting
for
80%
community)
in-situ
eutrophication
in
a
central
Sea
reef.
For
8
weeks,
dissolved
inorganic
nitrogen
(DIN)
concentrations
were
experimentally
increased
3-fold
above
environmental
background
around
natural
using
slow
fertilizer
with
15%
total
(N)
content.
We
investigated
which
functional
took
up
available
N,
how
this
changed
organic
carbon
(C
org
)
N
contents
elemental
stable
isotope
measurements.
Findings
revealed
that
hard
corals
(in
tissue),
incorporated
as
indicated
by
significant
increases
δ
15
8%,
27%
28%,
respectively.
Among
groups,
C
content
significantly
sediments
(+24%)
(+33%).
Altogether,
suggests
among
organisms
only
limited
availability
thus
benefited
most
from
addition.
Thereby,
based
higher
content,
potentially
gained
competitive
advantage
over,
example,
corals.
Local
management
should,
thus,
particularly
address
DIN
coastal
development
consider
role
potential
bioindicator
eutrophication.
BioScience,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
71(12), P. 1216 - 1233
Published: Sept. 8, 2021
Abstract
Coral
reefs
continue
to
experience
extreme
environmental
pressure
from
climate
change
stressors,
but
many
coral
are
also
exposed
eutrophication.
It
has
been
proposed
that
changes
in
the
stoichiometry
of
ambient
nutrients
increase
mortality
corals,
whereas
eutrophication
may
facilitate
phase
shifts
macroalgae-dominated
when
herbivory
is
low
or
absent.
But
corals
ever
nutrient
limited,
and
can
destabilize
symbiosis
making
it
more
sensitive
stress
because
change?
The
effects
confounded
not
just
by
presence
chemical
pollutants
industrial,
urban,
agricultural
wastes.
Because
these
confounding
effects,
increases
their
coastal
environments,
although
they
important
at
organismal
community
level,
cannot
currently
be
disentangled
each
other
significant
stressors
on
reefs.
Frontiers in Marine Science,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
10
Published: May 24, 2023
Nitrogen
pollution
is
a
widespread
and
growing
problem
in
the
coastal
waters
of
South
Asia
yet
ecological
impacts
on
region’s
coral
ecosystems
are
currently
poorly
known
understood.
hosts
just
under
7%
global
reef
coverage
but
has
experienced
significant
loss
recent
decades.
The
extent
to
which
this
ecosystem
decline
at
regional
scale
can
be
attributed
multiple
threats
posed
by
nitrogen
been
largely
overlooked
literature.
Here,
we
assess
evidence
for
corals
central
Indian
Ocean
India,
Sri
Lanka
Maldives.
We
find
that
there
limited
with
clearly
demonstrate
reefs
from
pollution,
including
its
interactions
other
stressors
such
as
seawater
warming.
However,
does
not
prove
no
impacts,
rather
it
reflects
paucity
appropriate
observations
related
understanding
range
potential
individual,
species
levels.
This
situation
presents
research,
management
conservation
challenges
given
wide
acceptance
problematic.
Following
this,
recommend
more
systematic
collection
sharing
robust
observations,
modelling
experimentation
provide
baseline
base
prescient
control
action.
Science Advances,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
9(49)
Published: Dec. 6, 2023
Global
climate
change
threatens
tropical
coral
reefs,
yet
local
management
can
influence
resilience.
While
increasing
anthropogenic
nutrients
reduce
resistance
and
recovery,
it
is
unknown
how
the
loss,
or
restoration,
of
natural
nutrient
flows
affects
reef
recovery.
Here,
we
test
seabird-derived
subsidies,
which
are
threatened
by
invasive
rats,
mechanisms
patterns
recovery
following
an
extreme
marine
heatwave
using
multiyear
field
experiments,
repeated
surveys,
Bayesian
modeling.
Corals
transplanted
from
rat
to
seabird
islands
quickly
assimilated
nutrients,
fully
acclimating
new
conditions
within
3
years.
Increased
in
turn,
caused
a
doubling
growth
rates
both
individuals
across
entire
reefs.
Seabirds
were
also
associated
with
faster
time
Acropora
cover
(<4
years)
more
dynamic
trajectories
benthic
communities.
We
conclude
that
restoring
populations
pathways
may
foster
greater
resilience
through
enhanced
corals.
Limnology and Oceanography,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
69(2), P. 309 - 324
Published: Jan. 3, 2024
Abstract
Seabirds
transfer
nutrients
from
the
ocean
to
their
nesting
island,
potentially
altering
nitrogen
(N)
cycling
within
adjacent
terrestrial
and
marine
ecosystems.
Yet,
processes
involved
in
seabird‐N
along
land–sea
continuum
remain
elusive.
Using
δ
15
N
18
O
measurements
of
groundwater
nitrate,
we
demonstrate
role
brackish
located
a
coral
island's
landmass
as
major
reservoir
nitrate
(at
millimolar
levels).
Nearly
all
total
dissolved
seabird‐derived
leaching
into
(mostly
ammonium
uric
acid)
is
converted
by
nitrification,
supported
relatively
low
(3.97‰
±
0.30‰).
Comparison
suggests
that
little
denitrification
takes
place
lens,
implying
high
(13.73‰
0.05‰)
derives
trophic
position
seabirds
postdepositional
increase
seabird
excreta.
Seawater
skeleton
samples
reef
flat
exposed
had
higher
values
than
at
sites
devoid
influence,
indicating
main
source
latter
site
was
Subtropical
Upper
Water,
while
dominated
pool
up
200
m
shore.
In
addition,
these
results
indicate
coral‐bound
can
detect
N,
raising
opportunities
reconstruct
historical
inputs
reefs
relation
climatic
other
changes,
such
introduction
invasive
species.
Animal Microbiome,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
3(1)
Published: March 22, 2021
Abstract
Background
The
microbiomes
of
foundation
(habitat-forming)
species
such
as
corals
and
sponges
underpin
the
biodiversity,
productivity,
stability
ecosystems.
Consumers
shape
communities
through
trophic
interactions,
but
role
consumers
in
dispersing
is
rarely
examined.
For
example,
stony
rely
on
a
nutritional
symbiosis
with
single-celled
endosymbiotic
dinoflagellates
(family
Symbiodiniaceae)
to
construct
reefs.
Most
acquire
Symbiodiniaceae
from
environment,
processes
that
make
available
for
uptake
are
not
resolved.
Here,
we
provide
first
comprehensive,
reef-scale
demonstration
predation
by
diverse
coral-eating
(corallivorous)
fish
promotes
dispersal
Symbiodiniaceae,
based
symbiont
cell
densities
community
compositions
feces
four
obligate
corallivores,
three
facultative
two
grazer/detritivores
well
samples
reef
sediment
water.
Results
Obligate
corallivore
environmental
hotspots
cells:
live
concentrations
5–7
orders
magnitude
higher
than
water
reservoirs.
corallivores
similar
those
locally
abundant
coral
genera
(
Pocillopora
Porites
),
differ
Combining
our
data
situ
observations
fish,
estimate
some
corallivorous
release
over
100
million
cells
per
m
2
day.
Released
came
direct
contact
colonies
fore
zone
following
91%
observed
egestion
events,
providing
potential
mechanism
transfer
among
colonies.
Conclusions
Taken
together,
findings
show
may
support
maintenance
cover
reefs
an
unexpected
way:
beneficial
symbionts
feces.
Few
studies
examine
species,
or
how
reservoirs
replenished.
This
work
sets
stage
parallel
consumer-mediated
microbiome
assembly
other
sessile,
habitat-forming
species.