Vasopressin 1a receptor antagonist disrupts male-male affiliative relationships formed by triadic cohabitation in large-billed crows DOI Open Access
Akiko Seguchi, Ei‐Ichi Izawa

Published: Dec. 20, 2024

Same-sex affiliative relationships are common in humans and some social animals, forming one of the bases group living. The neuropeptide vasopressin (VP) its receptors mediate these behaviours mammals birds with gregarious colonial structures. In species, between dominant subordinate individuals can be maintained while still retaining strict dominance hierarchies where three or more interact. However, it is unclear whether triadic interaction promotes relationships, VP system also involved such affiliations due to lack suitable animal models experimental settings. This study addresses questions two experiments. Experiment 1, two-week cohabitation among male crows facilitated particular dyads within each triad. 2, 1a receptor (V1aR) antagonism disrupted led resurgence agonistic affiliated males but not unaffiliated ones by peripherally administering a V1aR antagonist. These findings suggest that might universally same-sex despite differences inherent aggression levels individuals. paradigm established here could advance our understanding societies applied across various sexes,

Language: Английский

How smart was T. rex? Testing claims of exceptional cognition in dinosaurs and the application of neuron count estimates in palaeontological research DOI Creative Commons
Kai R. Caspar, Cristián Gutiérrez‐Ibáñez, Ornella Bertrand

et al.

The Anatomical Record, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 307(12), P. 3685 - 3716

Published: April 26, 2024

Recent years have seen increasing scientific interest in whether neuron counts can act as correlates of diverse biological phenomena. Lately, Herculano-Houzel (2023) argued that fossil endocasts and comparative neurological data from extant sauropsids allow to reconstruct telencephalic Mesozoic dinosaurs pterosaurs, which might proxies for behaviors life history traits these animals. According this analysis, large theropods such Tyrannosaurus rex were long-lived, exceptionally intelligent animals equipped with "macaque- or baboon-like cognition", whereas sauropods most ornithischian would displayed significantly smaller brains an ectothermic physiology. Besides challenging established views on dinosaur biology, claims raise questions count estimates could benefit research general. Here, we address findings by revisiting Herculano-Houzel's work, identifying several crucial shortcomings regarding analysis interpretation. We present revised encephalization dinosaurs, derive phylogenetically informed modeling amended dataset endocranial measurements. For large-bodied particular, recover lower than previously proposed. Furthermore, review the suitability variables numbers relative brain size predict cognitive complexity, metabolic rate coming conclusion they are flawed Instead relying when reconstructing argue integrative studies needed approach complex subject.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Palaeognath birds innovate to solve a novel foraging problem DOI Creative Commons
Fay E. Clark,

Jasmine Burdass,

Annalise Kavanagh

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

The ability to innovate implies flexible cognition, and is used as a broad metric of intelligence. Innovation in birds has been intensively studied the larger more taxonomically diverse Neognathae clade (particularly crows parrots) overlooked smaller ancestral Palaeognathae clade. current study provides first known evidence technical innovation palaeognath birds. We tested nine individuals three species move hole towards chamber access food reward. This problem was different traditional puzzle-boxes where an obstacle moved away from chamber. Three emus one rhea produced wheel-turning innovation, moving most efficient direction (closer nearest item) 90% cases. One dismantled task twice by removing central bolt, which we suggest second type it did not persist once they innovated wheel turning solution. Ostriches innovate. classify palaeognaths low level/simplistic, relying on general exploration asocial trial error learning. Our research suggests that may have evolved far earlier than previously thought, are compelling taxonomic group for further cognitive research.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
How smart wasT. rex? Testing claims of exceptional cognition in dinosaurs and the application of neuron count estimates in palaeontological research DOI Creative Commons
Kai R. Caspar, Cristián Gutiérrez‐Ibáñez, Ornella Bertrand

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

Recent years have seen increasing scientific interest in whether neuron counts can act as correlates of diverse biological phenomena. Lately, Herculano-Houzel (2023) argued that fossil endocasts and comparative neurological data from extant sauropsids allow to reconstruct telencephalic Mesozoic dinosaurs pterosaurs, which might proxies for behaviors life history traits these animals. According this analysis, large theropods such Tyrannosaurus rex were long-lived, exceptionally intelligent animals equipped with 'macaque- or baboon-like cognition' whereas sauropods well most ornithischian would displayed significantly smaller brains an ectothermic physiology. Besides challenging established views on dinosaur biology, claims raise questions count estimates could benefit research general. Here, we address findings by revisiting Herculano-Houzel's work, identifying several crucial shortcomings regarding analysis interpretation. We present revised encephalization dinosaurs, derive phylogenetically informed modeling amended dataset endocranial measurements. For large-bodied particular, recover lower than previously proposed. Furthermore, review the suitability variables numbers relative brain size predict cognitive complexity, metabolic rate coming conclusion they are flawed Instead relying when reconstructing argue integrative studies needed approach complex subject.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Vasopressin 1a receptor antagonist disrupts male-male affiliative relationships formed by triadic cohabitation in large-billed crows DOI Open Access
Akiko Seguchi, Ei‐Ichi Izawa

Published: Dec. 20, 2024

Same-sex affiliative relationships are common in humans and some social animals, forming one of the bases group living. The neuropeptide vasopressin (VP) its receptors mediate these behaviours mammals birds with gregarious colonial structures. In species, between dominant subordinate individuals can be maintained while still retaining strict dominance hierarchies where three or more interact. However, it is unclear whether triadic interaction promotes relationships, VP system also involved such affiliations due to lack suitable animal models experimental settings. This study addresses questions two experiments. Experiment 1, two-week cohabitation among male crows facilitated particular dyads within each triad. 2, 1a receptor (V1aR) antagonism disrupted led resurgence agonistic affiliated males but not unaffiliated ones by peripherally administering a V1aR antagonist. These findings suggest that might universally same-sex despite differences inherent aggression levels individuals. paradigm established here could advance our understanding societies applied across various sexes,

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Differences Teach Us More Than Similarities: The Need for Evolutionary Thinking in Comparative Cognition DOI Creative Commons
Stephan A. Reber

Comparative Cognition & Behavior Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19, P. 49 - 53

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

A persistent anthropocentric school of thought prevents comparative cognition from truly joining the evolutionary sciences, which often view "cognition" as an alien subject to study life.In this article, I argue that is indeed inherent all life and we could evolution cognitive skills like any other species-specific trait if stop elevating convergence over differences, adopt inclusive working definition cognition, choose new model organisms with a strong focus on phylogeny.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Vasopressin 1a receptor antagonist disrupts male-male affiliative relationships formed by triadic cohabitation in large-billed crows DOI Open Access
Akiko Seguchi, Ei‐Ichi Izawa

Published: Dec. 20, 2024

Same-sex affiliative relationships are common in humans and some social animals, forming one of the bases group living. The neuropeptide vasopressin (VP) its receptors mediate these behaviours mammals birds with gregarious colonial structures. In species, between dominant subordinate individuals can be maintained while still retaining strict dominance hierarchies where three or more interact. However, it is unclear whether triadic interaction promotes relationships, VP system also involved such affiliations due to lack suitable animal models experimental settings. This study addresses questions two experiments. Experiment 1, two-week cohabitation among male crows facilitated particular dyads within each triad. 2, 1a receptor (V1aR) antagonism disrupted led resurgence agonistic affiliated males but not unaffiliated ones by peripherally administering a V1aR antagonist. These findings suggest that might universally same-sex despite differences inherent aggression levels individuals. paradigm established here could advance our understanding societies applied across various sexes,

Language: Английский

Citations

0