Microbiological Investigations for Chikungunya Virus in Children With Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in a Non‐Outbreak Setting in Southern India

Journal of Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 97(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an emerging cause of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) in India, with limited data on its role childhood AES southern India. We systematically evaluated children India during a non‐epidemic period for CHIKV. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were tested CHIKV using IgM ELISA real‐time reverse transcriptase PCR. Amplicon sequencing was performed PCR‐positive samples. Clinical laboratory features compared between without CSF positivity (PCR/IgM antibodies). Of 376 AES, 20 (5.3%) had positive tests. Co‐infections common, particularly scrub typhus. Children presented diverse symptoms affecting various organ systems. Neurological manifestations included meningism, seizures, cerebellar signs, behavioral abnormalities, cranial nerve involvement, involuntary movements, hemiparesis/hemiplegia. showed more focal neurological deficits transaminitis, less musculoskeletal symptoms. Sequencing confirmation made all patients PCR, revealing close relationship 2016 Kenyan Indian strains, albeit different clade within the East/Central/South African genotype. Along important mutations known to impact infectivity, four novel amino acid substitutions detected envelope protein coding regions. Our findings underscore importance routine comprehensive testing irrespective season/outbreak. The high rate co‐infections warrants further research. Continued genomic surveillance essential monitor epidemic potential, increased severity risk disease.

Language: Английский

Epidemiology of acute undifferentiated febrile illness and acute encephalitis syndrome cases in Northern India: a prospective observational study

Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 12

Published: May 3, 2025

Acute undifferentiated febrile illness (AUFI) and acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) continue to be major public health concerns, particularly in rural areas with limited healthcare facility. We investigated the aetiological agents responsible for seasonal sporadic AUFI AES cases Northern India. The study included 4200 patient samples (April 2022 March 2024), fulfilling or case definition. Clinical were tested IgM antibodies against dengue, chikungunya, Japanese encephalitis, scrub typhus, leptospirosis. Further, Leptospira ELISA positives (n = 79) also by microscopic agglutination test (MAT) assay. In cases, typhus was predominant bacterial aetiology (24.6%, 593/2407) followed leptospirosis (12.4%, 266/2151). Dengue (23.0%, 321/1398) leading cause among viral aetiologies. Similarly, (36% cerebrospinal fluid 34.3% serum) remained most common (5.42%, 11/203). Whereas, chikungunya (5.4%, 17/314) behind cases. using MAT assay, 7.6% (6/79) of positive prevalent serogroups identified L. interrogans serovars Australis, Pomona, Hebdomadis, Pyrogenes Djasiman, borgpetersnii serovar Tarassovi. Housewives constituted primary risk group infection, individuals engaged various farming practices. This identifies as second infection AES. Therefore, continuous monitoring changing aetiologies is crucial effective implementation targeted control preventive measures neglected tropical diseases.

Language: Английский

A rapid, specific and ultrasensitive detection of the Chikungunya virus based on RT-RPA:CRISPR/Cas12a one-pot dual mode end-point detection system

Analytica Chimica Acta, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1329, P. 343221 - 343221

Published: Sept. 12, 2024

Language: Английский