Enhancing Physiological Realism in Nasal Spray Deposition Studies: Synthetic Mucus Properties and Interactions with Saline Solutions and Stereolithography Resin DOI Creative Commons
Amr Seifelnasr, Farhad Zare, Xiuhua Si

et al.

Liquids, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(2), P. 11 - 11

Published: April 7, 2025

This study investigated the role of synthetic mucus coatings in enhancing physiological relevance vitro nasal spray deposition assessments using 3D-printed cavity models. Synthetic solutions, representing normal (0.25% w/v xanthan gum) and diseased (1% conditions, were developed to mimic viscoelastic properties human mucus. Their physical properties, including viscosity, surface tension, contact angle, adhesivity on dry mucus-coated stereolithography (SLA) surfaces, systematically characterized. Comparative experiments evaluated behavior saline drops liquid films versus SLA surfaces at inclinations 30°, 45°, 60°. Observational anatomically accurate models conducted under a 45° backward-tilted head position with gentle sniff airflow across uncoated, 0.25% mucus-coated, 1% surfaces. significantly influenced patterns. On uncoated consisted scattered droplets limited film formation, mainly anterior turbinate regions. In contrast, facilitated broader more uniform distribution due diffusion lubrication effects. These findings highlight value for better simulating environments, offering insights optimize formulations delivery devices.

Language: Английский

Innate Immunity and Asthma Exacerbations: Insights From Human Models DOI
Jehan Alladina, Benjamin D. Medoff, Christina Schofield

et al.

Immunological Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 330(1)

Published: March 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease characterized by the presence of airway inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, and mucus hypersecretion. Repeated asthma exacerbations can lead to progressive remodeling irreversible airflow obstruction. Thus, understanding preventing are paramount importance. Although multiple endotypes exist, most often driven type 2 inflammation. New therapies that target specific mediators have been shown reduce frequency but incompletely effective in significant number asthmatics. Furthermore, it remains unknown whether current treatments sustained changes or if targeting additional pathways may be necessary achieve remission. Activation innate immunity initial event inflammatory sequence occurs during an exacerbation. However, there continue critical gaps our immune response exacerbating factors. In this review, we summarize role methods used study them. We also identify potential novel therapeutic targets for future areas investigation.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Enhancing Physiological Realism in Nasal Spray Deposition Studies: Synthetic Mucus Properties and Interactions with Saline Solutions and Stereolithography Resin DOI Creative Commons
Amr Seifelnasr, Farhad Zare, Xiuhua Si

et al.

Liquids, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(2), P. 11 - 11

Published: April 7, 2025

This study investigated the role of synthetic mucus coatings in enhancing physiological relevance vitro nasal spray deposition assessments using 3D-printed cavity models. Synthetic solutions, representing normal (0.25% w/v xanthan gum) and diseased (1% conditions, were developed to mimic viscoelastic properties human mucus. Their physical properties, including viscosity, surface tension, contact angle, adhesivity on dry mucus-coated stereolithography (SLA) surfaces, systematically characterized. Comparative experiments evaluated behavior saline drops liquid films versus SLA surfaces at inclinations 30°, 45°, 60°. Observational anatomically accurate models conducted under a 45° backward-tilted head position with gentle sniff airflow across uncoated, 0.25% mucus-coated, 1% surfaces. significantly influenced patterns. On uncoated consisted scattered droplets limited film formation, mainly anterior turbinate regions. In contrast, facilitated broader more uniform distribution due diffusion lubrication effects. These findings highlight value for better simulating environments, offering insights optimize formulations delivery devices.

Language: Английский

Citations

0