Approaches to Forecasting Damage by Invasive Forest Insects and Pathogens: A Cross-Assessment

BioScience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 73(2), P. 85 - 111

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

Abstract Nonnative insects and pathogens pose major threats to forest ecosystems worldwide, greatly diminishing the ecosystem services trees provide. Given high global diversity of arthropod microbial species, their often unknown biological features or even identities, ease accidental transport, there is an urgent need better forecast most likely species cause damage. Several risk assessment approaches have been proposed implemented guide preventative measures. However, underlying assumptions each approach rarely explicitly identified critically evaluated. We propose that evaluating implicit assumptions, optimal usages, advantages limitations could help improve combined utility. consider four general categories: using prior pest status in native previously invaded regions; statistical patterns traits gene sequences associated with a impact; sentinel other plantings expose native, nonnative, experimental settings; laboratory assays detached plant parts seedlings under controlled conditions. evaluate how what conditions are best met methods for integrating multiple our forecasting ability prevent losses from invasive pests.

Language: Английский

---

Jewels on the go: exotic buprestids around the world (Coleoptera, Buprestidae)

NeoBiota, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 84, P. 107 - 135

Published: May 18, 2023

Buprestidae (Coleoptera: Buprestoidea) is one of the three wood-borer beetle groups major phytosanitary interest worldwide, together with Cerambycidae and Scolytinae (Curculionidae). As in other families, some buprestid species have been unintentionally or intentionally introduced around world, cases causing significant environmental economic damage invaded territories. Despite relevance Buprestidae, information regarding identity exotic buprestids, their biogeographic areas origin, introduction pathways, larval host plants, remained scattered literature. Our objective was to summarize much existing knowledge on these topics present paper. analysis resulted a list 115 buprestids representing introductions both within between realms corresponding less than 1% known worldwide. Invasiveness does not seem be linked plant preferences, as utilize 158 genera 70 families are equally represented all feeding guilds (monophagous, oligophagous, polyphagous). trade plants parts can serve pathway for future introductions, reported this review help pest risk assessment.

Language: Английский

---

Safeguarding global plant health: the rise of sentinels

Journal of Pest Science, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 92(1), P. 29 - 36

Published: Sept. 4, 2018

The number of alien plant pests and pathogens is rapidly increasing in many countries as a result trade, particularly the trade living plants. Sentinel plantings exporting to detect arthropod agents diseases prior introduction provide information about likelihood potential impact on plants native importing country. Such can consist species that are or ("in-patria" "ex-patria" plantings). In-patria young woody commonly exported be used identify may introduced new via live Ex-patria exotic mature surveys impacts if these were become established We discuss methods benefits this powerful tool list examples studies highlight large unknown organisms pest–host relationships detected. usefulness sentinel illustrated using fungal European Asian tree identified China Russia.

Language: Английский

---

Post-Border Forest Biosecurity in Australia: Response to Recent Exotic Detections, Current Surveillance and Ongoing Needs

Forests, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(4), P. 336 - 336

Published: April 14, 2019

Assessing exotic pest response and eradication programs can identify factors that will lead to increased detection provide information for prioritizing enhancing future attempts. We review the forest-related insect pathogen detections responses in Australia between 1996 2017. Thirty-four of new forest species were made this timeframe; seventeen each insects pathogens. Twenty-nine are now established mainland another Torres Strait. Four cause high impact, three these subject failed programs. Two four high-impact not previously recognised as threats; indeed, 85% all considered high-priority risks. Only one has been successfully eradicated, suggesting a lower success rate Australian than world average. Most pests pathogens detected early enough attempt eradication, or they deemed significant warrant an attempt. Early is key successful eradication. discuss current surveillance methods (general, specific), locations (urban, regional, amenity, plantation, nursery, native forest), type (public, industry, ad-hoc researcher, health surveillance, high-risk site pest-specific trapping) under. While there increase using specific since 2010, remains need structured national approach biosecurity preparedness, responses.

Language: Английский

---

Pathologists and entomologists must join forces against forest pest and pathogen invasions

NeoBiota, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 58, P. 107 - 127

Published: July 10, 2020

The world’s forests have never been more threatened by invasions of exotic pests and pathogens, whose causes impacts are reinforced global change. However, forest entomologists pathologists have, for too long, worked independently, used different concepts proposed specific management methods without recognising parallels synergies between their respective fields. Instead, we advocate increased collaboration these two scientific communities to improve the long-term health forests. Our arguments that pathways entry pathogens often same insects fungi coexist in affected trees. Innovative preventing invasions, early detection identification non-native species, modelling impact spread prevention damage increasing resistance ecosystems can be shared both diseases. We, therefore, make recommendations foster this convergence, proposing particular development interdisciplinary research programmes, generic tools or pest pathogen capacity building education training students, managers, decision-makers citizens concerned with health.

Language: Английский

---