Intraspecific trait variation of carrion beetle species and communities across elevations DOI Creative Commons
Qiao‐Qiao Ji, Zhijing Xie, Yunga Wu

et al.

Insect Conservation and Diversity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 1113 - 1126

Published: Aug. 6, 2024

Abstract Filtering processes across environmental gradients can structure patterns of trait variation within communities. The community‐weighted mean (CWM) is a metric that commonly used to indicate the directionality such filtering and optimal adaptive strategy taxa community. Proximity CWM indicates higher fitness, deviations from this value result in changes relative abundances coexisting species. We investigated intraspecific four carrion beetle species (Coleoptera: Silphidae) elevational gradients. study was conducted temperate forest ecosystems with distinct natural vegetation zones ranging 950 m 1700 above sea level. Of 12 traits measured, we found ranged 34% (body length) 100% (ratio elytra length, head length width body accounted for larger proportion than interspecific 7 traits. For most traits, range, which niche breadth at given elevation, positively correlated abundance. CWMs associated long‐distance dispersal decreased whereas those microhabitat use showed opposite trend. Soil temperature influenced tibia after controlling effects identity, but soil water content had no effect on variation. Patterns thorax two supported CWM‐optimality hypothesis; however, another an Our identifies several be highly variable Such high levels may enable populations adapt wide range elevations types.

Language: Английский

Ecology, floristic-vegetational features and future perspectives of spruce forests affected by Ips typographus: insights from the Southern Alps DOI Creative Commons
Luca Giupponi, Riccardo Panza, Davide Pedrali

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Abstract In recent years, many spruce (Picea abies) forests have been severely affected by bark beetle (Ips typographus) outbreaks in the Southern Alps, but their ecological impacts remain poorly studied. This research analyzed distribution, ecological, and floristic-vegetational characteristics of recently upper basin Oglio River (Northern Italy) developed a MaxEnt model to predict severe insect attacks coming decades. The results showed that are located exclusively sub-mountain mountain belts (below 1,600 m a.s.l.) 85% them found areas with high annual solar radiation (> 3,500 MJ m−²). predictive for susceptible proved highly accurate (AUC = 0.91) was primarily defined mean temperature dry winter quarter (contribution: 80.1%), values between − 2.5 2.5°C being particularly suitable pest. According model, more than 58% current study area will exhibit susceptibility (probability > 0.7) 2080. analysis plant communities 11 beetle-affected indicated thermophilic significantly different forest (in both floristic physiognomic terms) expected develop compared those pre-disturbance. Furthermore, coverage/density snags appears accelerate succession, enabling establishment mature shorter time frame.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Validating a variable-instar, climate-based phenology model for the Asian longhorned beetle (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) using field data from South Carolina DOI Creative Commons
Laurent Schmitt, Robert T. Trotter, David R. Coyle

et al.

Environmental Entomology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

Abstract The Asian longhorned beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis (ALB, Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), is a federally regulated invasive species capable of infesting several different genera hardwood trees. Accurate knowledge ALB’s phenology critical for the effective implementation management and eradication plans. We updated ALBLT prediction model used empirical data collected in South Carolina, USA to validate v. 2.0. new largely agreed with ALB life stages found field collections, except late instars pupae. also ran at 8 other potentially high-risk cities contiguous United States latitudes ranging from 28°N (Tampa, FL) 41°N (Chicago, IL) predict how long single generation might take develop these environments. Model predictions ranged 2–3-yr lifecycle Chicago potential cycle < 1 yr Tampa. These can help inform managers specialists should be environments, aid developing an adequate plan.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Increasing Spring Temperatures Advance Post‐Diapause Swarming and Prolong the Reproductive Period in the Bark Beetle Ips typographus DOI Creative Commons
Sven Hofmann, Martin Schebeck, Markus Kautz

et al.

Journal of Applied Entomology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

ABSTRACT Diapause is a common strategy in insects to respond reoccurring adverse events. The European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus an important forest pest Eurasia affecting spruce‐dominated forests by eruptive outbreaks, which are likely become more frequent and severe changing climate. It expresses reproductive diapause cope with harsh winter conditions. As also affects the activity voltinism of I. , understanding its regulation abiotic environmental factors can help mitigate outbreak risks, for example, coordinating management measures or adapting silvicultural strategies. While induction late summer autumn has been shown be mainly triggered photoperiod modified temperature, information on cues post‐diapause swarming spring scarce. In winter/early 2021 2023, we conducted laboratory experiment assessing potential after termination, applying various temperature photoperiodic We used mean temperatures between 13°C 23°C daily oscillations ±5°C daylengths 9 h 14 (January–April). Post‐diapause sums had strongest effect swarming, maximum temperatures, while only small ambiguous effect. contrast, dispersing beetles remained almost unaffected sum, photoperiod. Our results show that potentially start as soon cold have terminated mid‐winter. Ongoing climate warming will consequently extend season, increasing population densities . findings implemented phenology risk assessment models predict temperature‐dependent infestation future accurately, support (e.g., sanitation salvage logging) guide long‐term adaptations.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Mapping spatiotemporal mortality patterns in Spruce mountain forests using Sentinel-2 data and environmental factors DOI Creative Commons
Marcin Kluczek, Bogdan Zagajewski

Ecological Informatics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 103074 - 103074

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Verbenone (SPLAT® Verb) delays Ips typographus (L.) infestation and reduces infestation risk and severity in windthrown Norway spruce in Southwest Germany DOI Creative Commons
Tobias Frühbrodt, Helge Löcken, Baoguo Du

et al.

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 561, P. 121856 - 121856

Published: April 3, 2024

Outbreaks of European spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus, often follow storms, and can result in losses Norway spruce, Picea abies, that largely exceed those caused by storms alone. Management actions to reduce P. abies attributed I. typographus mainly consist salvage sanitation logging windthrown which are sometimes limited logistic capacities constraints. Recent outbreaks across Europe have destroyed large areas forests, expected further intensify as a consequence climate change, so additional tools needed for integrated beetle management. In 4-yr study, we applied (–)-verbenone (SPLAT® Verb, ISCA Inc., Riverside, CA, U.S.), common bark-beetle inhibitor, natural artificially generated windthrows (5–6 trees) examine its efficacy reducing infestation spring. two four years, SPLAT® Verb delay ∼3 wks, may provide relevant gain time operations. Infestation probability density were reduced up 78% 76%, respectively. Treatment effectivity increased with dose per volume seemed decrease greater pressure. Elevated concentrations verbenone the active airspace forests could only be detected close proximity (<50 cm) application points (dollops). We propose decision pathway management includes an environmentally friendly tool within Central Europe.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Complex genomic landscape of inversion polymorphism in Europe’s most destructive forest pest DOI Creative Commons
Anastasiia Mykhailenko, Piotr Zieliński, Aleksandra Bednarz

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 10, 2023

Abstract In many species, polymorphic inversions underlie complex phenotypic polymorphisms and facilitate local adaptation in the face of gene flow. Multiple can co-occur a genome, but prevalence, evolutionary significance, limits to complexity genomic inversion landscapes remain poorly understood. Here, we examine genome-wide variation one Europe’s most destructive forest pests, spruce bark beetle Ips typographus , scan for inversions, test whether are involved key adaptations this species. We analyzed 240 individuals from 18 populations across species’ European range and, using whole-genome resequencing approach, identified 27 covering approximately 28% genome. The vary size levels intra-inversion recombination, highly species range, often overlap, forming architecture. several mechanisms, including directional selection, overdominance associative that contribute maintenance show heterogeneous landscape is likely maintained by combined action forces enriched odorant receptor genes encoding elements recognition pathways host plants, mates, symbiotic fungi. Our results indicate genome major pest growing social, political, economic importance harbors described date posing question about architecture complexity.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
High plasticity in diapause responses benefits bark beetles in a changing climate DOI Creative Commons
Sven Hofmann, Markus Kautz, Martin Schebeck

et al.

Ecological Entomology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 13, 2024

Abstract Numerous insects evolved diapause to cope with seasonally re‐occurring adverse conditions, affecting multiple life‐history traits, including reproduction, survival and voltinism. The spruce bark beetle Ips typographus— a major disturbance agent in spruce‐dominated forests of Eurasia—enters reproductive survive harsh winters. Induction facultative is mainly regulated by short daylengths, but modified warm temperatures, potentially postponing entry into diapause. Knowledge on the interplay these cues under natural conditions still lacking despite its importance for phenology management changing climate. We conducted comprehensive field study over 3 years along an elevational gradient South‐West Germany quantify expression I. typographus broad range photoperiod temperature conditions. Most individuals entered mid‐August (daylengths <14 h), regardless temperature. However, some reproduced at temperatures (>22–26°C) late October ~10 even following cold nights below 5°C. fecundity late‐breeding was reduced. In comparison previous findings, we revealed later induction due temperatures. Within‐population variability timing effective strategy increase amount thus voltinism warming Bark models should hence (i) include as diapause‐modifying cue addition (ii) consider potential differences between populations from diverse geographic origins.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
How do global forest pests respond to increasing temperatures? – a meta‐analysis DOI Creative Commons
Hannes Warlo, Markus Kautz

Oikos, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 4, 2024

Biotic disturbances caused by insects and pathogens have a major impact on forests in the Northern Hemisphere. Knowledge of effects increasing temperature performance these forest pests will thus be crucial for predicting future disturbance risks. Here, we systematically review direct temperatures four functional subgroups pests, including leaf chewers, sap suckers, bark wood borers, pathogens. We considered 118 studies (2003–2022) representing 72 pest species feeding 33 host genera from sub‐tropical, temperate boreal Asia, Europe North America. Based subset 89 reporting required data, conducted meta‐analysis 1) distinguishing subgroups, 2) considering main life‐history traits, i.e. development, fitness survival. A corresponding to expected mean during growing season years 2081–2100 had significant positive effect overall chewers (+18%) borers (+10%), while suckers remained unaffected. In contrast, was not or even significantly negatively affected when more pronounced increase, maxima 2081–2100, considered. This finding reflects non‐linear temperature–performance relationship beyond currently evolved optima Furthermore, showed that differential responses traits increased may counterbalance each other (e.g. development versus survival), highlighting importance multi‐trait approach assessing global warming performance. By quantifying performance, our results facilitate prediction biotic impacts climate. For instance, they could provide valuable contribution parameterization large‐scale ecosystem models, which often do explicitly consider response climate change.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Intraspecific trait variation of carrion beetle species and communities across elevations DOI Creative Commons
Qiao‐Qiao Ji, Zhijing Xie, Yunga Wu

et al.

Insect Conservation and Diversity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 1113 - 1126

Published: Aug. 6, 2024

Abstract Filtering processes across environmental gradients can structure patterns of trait variation within communities. The community‐weighted mean (CWM) is a metric that commonly used to indicate the directionality such filtering and optimal adaptive strategy taxa community. Proximity CWM indicates higher fitness, deviations from this value result in changes relative abundances coexisting species. We investigated intraspecific four carrion beetle species (Coleoptera: Silphidae) elevational gradients. study was conducted temperate forest ecosystems with distinct natural vegetation zones ranging 950 m 1700 above sea level. Of 12 traits measured, we found ranged 34% (body length) 100% (ratio elytra length, head length width body accounted for larger proportion than interspecific 7 traits. For most traits, range, which niche breadth at given elevation, positively correlated abundance. CWMs associated long‐distance dispersal decreased whereas those microhabitat use showed opposite trend. Soil temperature influenced tibia after controlling effects identity, but soil water content had no effect on variation. Patterns thorax two supported CWM‐optimality hypothesis; however, another an Our identifies several be highly variable Such high levels may enable populations adapt wide range elevations types.

Language: Английский

Citations

0