How agricultural practices affect the risk of human contamination by infectious pathogens: the need for a ‘One Health’ perspective

CABI Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 3, 2023

Abstract We conducted a comprehensive literature review with global geographic scope, of interactions between agricultural crop production practices (excluding protection practices) and biological human health hazards. The majority relevant references dealt bacterial contaminations infections, largely due to the important public issue antibiotic resistance. Indicator coliforms were particularly significant (only minority mentioned harmful Escherichia coli strains), followed by species belonging Salmonella , Campylobacter Clostridia Pseudomonas Listeria genera. Protozoan Cryptosporidium spp. Giardia spp., helminthic Ascaris Trichuris dominated parasites. Enteric viruses (particularly noroviruses rotaviruses). Very few fungal pathogens. Fresh vegetables most commonly crops, leafy greens those eaten raw, use wastewater for irrigation, fertilization livestock manure excreta/sewage sludge, potentially unsafe practices. While earlier reviews have shown that are central One Health concept, this shows other can also contribute environmental via different pathways, including better soil health, water quality, food safety, nutrition. Our underlines besides tradeoffs, synergies should be sought, between, on one hand, saving/preserving freshwater organic waste recycling (affecting some aspects health), hazards associated contaminated from both agroecological perspectives.

Language: Английский

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The prevalence of rodent-borne zoonotic pathogens in the South Gobi desert region of Mongolia

Infection Ecology & Epidemiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Oct. 19, 2023

The alpine ecosystems and communities of central Asia are currently undergoing large-scale ecological socio-ecological changes likely to affect wildlife-livestock-human disease interactions zoonosis transmission risk. However, relatively little is known about the prevalence pathogens in this region. Between 2012 2015 we screened 142 rodents Mongolia’s Gobi desert for exposure important zoonotic livestock pathogens. Rodent seroprevalence Leptospira spp. was >1/3 tested animals, Toxoplasma gondii Coxiella burnetii approximately 1/8 hantaviruses being between 1/20 (Puumala-like hantavirus) <1/100 (Seoul-like hantavirus). Gerbils trapped inside local dwellings were one species seropositive Puumala-like hantavirus, suggesting a potential pathway. Seventeen genera bacteria also detected faeces ticks collected from these rodents, with tick testing positive Yersinia. Our study helps provide baseline patterns needed infer source target populations region, help shift focus epidemiological research towards understanding among proactive mitigation strategies within broader One Health framework.

Language: Английский

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Deciphering the Hantavirus Host Range Combining Virology and Species Distribution Models with an Emphasis on the Yellow Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys flavescens)

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2023, P. 1 - 15

Published: April 19, 2023

Hantaviruses are the causative agents of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in Americas. In Central and South America, 28 lineages were associated with different Sigmodontinae rodents. Of these, Lechiguanas was initially described as a lineage HPS cases central region Argentina. Initial studies on rodent hosts viral performed between 1999 2005 showed that Uruguay distributed mostly southern country, (LECV) closely related Andes Plata hantaviruses most frequently cases, both carried by yellow pygmy rice rat (Oligoryzomys flavescens). Although these rodents present all across Uruguayan territory, determining extent risk areas for transmission based distribution infected may be useful tool disease control prevention. Distribution models positioned an effective instrument prediction diseases affecting human health. Assessment potential reservoir analysis influence environmental factors can help to understand spatial patterns risk. study, virological species integrated infection pattern Uruguay. Virological analyses confirmed Uruguay, primary host is rat. Additionally, we report Azara’s grass mouse (Akodon azarae) lineage. Based seropositive nonseropositive rats tested, emphasized favorable conditions mainly availability human-disturbed rural environments high humidity. We conclude innovative application methodologies reported herein allowed assessment current territory

Language: Английский

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Assembling of a cost-effective and adaptable motorised rodent exercise wheel

Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 68, P. 64 - 70

Published: March 30, 2024

Objectives: Exercise physiology is one of the leading branches applied physiology. It concerned with studies related to effect acute and chronic exercise on mental physical health research in human subjects animals. There are various methods which have been used animal including rodents. However, machines available for purposes sophisticated expensive, also requires an additional annual maintenance cost. The objective assemble efficient, reliable, cost-effective, humane motorized wheel setup study Materials Methods: rodent was assembled using affordable locally materials. Results: A efficient model built total cost this 32 USD or 2860 INR only. Conclusion: This cost-effective works efficiently conduction exercise-related

Language: Английский

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Shifting human-rodent interfaces under climate change: modeling the distribution of the reservoir for Junin virus and associated drivers

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 27, 2024

Abstract Background The drylands vesper mouse ( Calomys musculinus) is the principal host for Junin mammarenavirus (JUNV), which causes Argentine Hemorrhagic Fever (AHF) in humans. In our study, we aimed to assess probable range of C. musculinus and identify hotspots potential disease transmission humans under current future climate change scenarios. Methodology/Principal Findings We used tree-based machine learning (ML) classification algorithms generate project habitat suitability two scenarios years 2050 2070 using bioclimatic landscape related predictors. Evaluation models showed high accuracy, with AUC ROC ranging from 86.81-89.84%. analysis importance influence different variables indicated that rodent prefers warm temperatures, moderate annual precipitation, low precipitation variability, pasture coverage. While a severe scenario (Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5) suggests reduction suitable areas JUNV reservoir decrease transmission, an intermediate 4.5) displays expansion distribution alongside increased hotspot zones. Conclusions/Significance acknowledging complexity ecological systems limitations species models, findings offer framework developing preventive measures conducting studies regions prone driven by change. Preventive interventions will need be adapted target changing spatial dynamics. Author Summary Climate might modify where animals live, including those carry diseases than can spread This study focused on how affect ). carries virus, Fever, dangerous if left untreated. predict this rodent’s scenario. found temperature rise 1.1°C 2.6°C (intermediate scenario) could allow move into new areas, potentially increasing These have rainfall, grass cover, as conditions. Knowing preferred enables preparedness monitoring early warning systems. By establishing monitor online platforms featuring predictions, facilitate communication resource sharing among researchers, policymakers, healthcare professionals public. tools help protect public health continues bring challenges.

Language: Английский

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Deforestation and Spillover of Zoonotic Viruses in South America: Evidence and Knowledge Gaps

˜The œLatin American studies book series, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 30

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Impacts of Crop Protection Practices on Human Infectious Diseases

One Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 287 - 308

Published: June 16, 2023

Recent viral zoonotic epidemics have been attributed partially to the negative impact of human activities on ecosystem biodiversity. These encompass agriculture and specifically conventional agrochemistry-based crop protection (CP) practices. Here we review interactions between CP practices (whether against arthropod or vertebrate pests, plant pathogens, weeds) infectious diseases bacterial, viral, parasitic, fungal origin) with a focus diseases, in tropical agroecosystems. Antimicrobial resistance, which is an issue public health, seems barely affected by as far viruses, bacteria, parasitic protozoa worms are concerned, but it major regarding infections pathogens. Overall, Agroecological Crop Protection (ACP), addressing global challenges including climate resilience, biodiversity conservation, animal welfare, preferred strategy for integrating health within extended "One Health" concept.

Language: Английский

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Epidemiology and Genomic characteristics of arenavirus in rodents from the southeast coast of P.R. China

BMC Veterinary Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: Nov. 29, 2023

Wenzhou virus (WENV), a member of the Mammarenavirus genus in Arenaviridae family, has been detected wild rodents from eight provinces China, including Zhejiang, Shandong, Hainan, Xinjiang, Hunan, Guangdong, Yunnan, and Jiangxi provinces, some countries Southeast Asia. The IgG-antibodies WENV have both healthy populations patients with unknown fever respiratory symptoms. However, potential harmfulness to humans underestimated due mild symptoms after infection, similar diseases. Thus, it is imperative enhance surveillance rodents, particularly Rattus norvegicus, continuously monitor its prevalence.From 2017 2021, total 390 were collected six eastern southern coastal areas, containing nine species rats. Samples each tissue collected, PCR amplified for identification. Four R. norvegicus samples be WENV-positive. No genomic sequence was flavipectus, losea, Suncus murinus, Apodemus agrarius, Mus musculus, Microtus fortis, Micromys minutus, Niviventer niviventer Jiangsu, Fujian, Guangdong Guangxi provinces. Three sequences identified by phylogenetic analysis. full-length HAIKOU-40 which showed close relationship Wufeng/ WFS, sharing 84.5-89.4% homology at nucleotide level 91.6-98.9% amino acid level. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that formed an Asia-specific cluster all WENVs Loie River mammarenavirus (LORV), provisionally named Asian ancestry. This diverged earlier remaining mammarenavirus. obtained Xiamen, Fujian province more than 90% identities WENV, may strain WENV. Additionally, Wuxi-87 positive Wuxi, Jiangsu exhibited 83% identity Lassa (LASV). Further efforts will made isolate identify this strain, verify between LASV, confirm whether new host LASV.In study, we conducted systematic examination prevalence among on southeast coast China. characterized genome newly discovered confirmed role transmission highlights importance investigating humans.

Language: Английский

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