The rise of the opportunists: What are the drivers of the increase in infectious diseases caused by environmental and commensal bacteria?

Reviews in Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 1787 - 1797

Published: May 1, 2024

Abstract The aquaculture sector is currently experiencing a global disease crisis. Emerging bacterial diseases—often opportunistic or syndromic—have collapsed production in nations across the world. Losses shrimp industry associated with Vibrio spp. exceed 40% of capacity. This paper reviews potential drivers syndromic diseases involving pathogens affecting aquaculture. We provide key examples from major industries where such conditions have prompted greater antibiotic use and resulted significant mortality. challenge conventional definitions propose fluid categorisation that acknowledges continuum host adaptation complexity microbial ecology. discuss implications environmental dietary stressors as climate change, coastal eutrophication pollution, transition to plant‐based feeds, which been linked impaired epithelial barrier function, gut health disorders increased susceptibility. critique ‘one‐pathogen one‐disease’ paradigm, suggesting Rothman's causal pie model more useful for understanding infections it emphasises multicausal nature disease. viral interactions aquatic occurrence resulting damage eukaryotic parasites increasing frequency severity interventions control parasites. recognise need corroborative evidence validate rise trend, we advocate application nuanced causation models reduce incidence improve sustainability industry.

Language: Английский

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Influence of host phylogeny and water physicochemistry on microbial assemblages of the fish skin microbiome

FEMS Microbiology Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 100(3)

Published: Feb. 14, 2024

Abstract The skin of fish contains a diverse microbiota that has symbiotic functions with the host, facilitating pathogen exclusion, immune system priming, and nutrient degradation. composition microbiomes varies across species in response to variety stressors, however, there been no systematic analysis these studies evaluate how factors shape microbiomes. Here, we examined 1922 from 36 included 98 nine rearing conditions investigate associations between microbiome, species, water physiochemical factors. Proteobacteria, particularly class Gammaproteobacteria, were present all marine freshwater Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Ralstonia, Sphingomonas Flavobacterium most abundant genera within microbiomes, Alteromonas, Photobacterium, Pseudoalteromonas, Psychrobacter Vibrio saltwater fish. Our results show different culturing (rearing) environments have small but significant effect on bacterial community compositions. Water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen concentration, salinity significantly correlated differences beta-diversity not necessarily alpha-diversity. To improve study comparability provide recommendations for approaches analyses sequencing data reproducibility.

Language: Английский

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Two novel angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP‐IV) inhibiting peptides from tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) skin and their molecular docking mechanism

Journal of Food Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 89(6), P. 3603 - 3617

Published: April 18, 2024

In the study, papain was used to hydrolyze tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) skin obtain a hydrolysate (TSH) with dual angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory activities. The resulting TSH sequentially fractionated by ultrafiltration, size exclusion separation chromatography, reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Its effects on ACE DPP-IV were determined commercial reagent kits. Two peptides purified from identified as Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Ala-Leu (GPLGAL) Lys-Pro-Ala-Gly-Asn (KPAGN) ultra-performance chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Inhibitory concentration (IC

Language: Английский

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Baicalin, a promising therapeutic drug against tilapia lake virus (TiLV) infection

Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 599, P. 742116 - 742116

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Language: Английский

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Enhancement of Growth, Antioxidant Activity, and Immunity in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Through Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Expressing L-Gulonolactone Oxidase

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 50 - 50

Published: Jan. 4, 2025

Due to its lack of the L-gulonolactone oxidase (GULO) enzyme, Nile tilapia is unable synthesize vitamin C; thus, it requires an adequate level exogenous C in diet. To enhance antioxidant properties and C-related effects, we employed recombinant technology integrate GULO-encoding gene into Bacillus subtilis chromosome. In this study, fish were divided four groups: those fed with a basal diet (CON), + (VC), wild-type B. (BS), (BS+GULO). After 90 days feeding trial, BS+GULO groups showed highest improvements final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, average daily relative rate. The VC, BS, exhibited increased total immunoglobulin lysozyme activity; however, only VC elevated alternative complement 50 levels, phagocytic activity improved parameters compared control. HPLC qRT-PCR analyses revealed serum intestinal GULO mRNA levels group. A challenge test pro-inflammatory expression immune response against S. agalactiae group, indicating antagonistic over subtilis.

Language: Английский

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A method for fusing attention mechanism-based ResNet and improved ConvNeXt for analyzing fish feeding behavior

Aquaculture International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 33(3)

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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Probiotic Effects of Arthrobacter nicotianae and Bacillus cereus on the Growth, Health, and Microbiota of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.)

Aquaculture Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

This study evaluated the effects of a commercial probiotic containing Arthrobacter nicotianae and Bacillus cereus on growth performance, intestinal histological structure, body composition, hematology, microbiota red tilapia. Fingerlings were fed four different diets: control diet (Pd0) three diets (Pd1, Pd2, Pd3) 15, 20, 40 mL probiotics/kg, respectively, for 12 weeks. Probiotic supplementation had no significant effect water quality parameters. Compared with diet, all improved greater final weight (FBW), net gain (NWG), gain, average daily (ADWG), specific rate (SGR), feed conversion efficiency (FCE). The ratio (FCR) was lower in probiotic‐treated fish compared to control. survival also higher groups, though difference not significant. There crude ash or lipid contents. However, protein content significantly Pd2 Pd3, while moisture (MC) Pd3 than group. Histological examination revealed increased villi length width, being muscular thickness diameter observed Pd3‐treated fish. These values dose. total viable count (TVC) highest lowest TVC Pd0. number spp. intestine culture dose, Vibrio counts decreased. Hematological analysis showed increases blood cell (RBC) count, hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), (Hb) treated groups incorporation A. B. at mL/kg tilapia health, general welfare.

Language: Английский

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The welfare of farmed Nile tilapia: a review

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: May 6, 2025

Nile tilapia are, by absolute number of individuals, the most farmed species fish today, yet we know little about how common husbandry practices impact their welfare. Despite global importance, there is a notable lack detailed, species-specific welfare guidelines for farming. This gap reflects scarcity research-based recommendations on appropriate breeding conditions, environmental parameters, and handling methods that fully consider biology behavioural ecology. review explores key dimensions implications commercial aquaculture Topics covered include grow-out housing systems, water quality, stocking density, enrichment, feeding practices, handling, transportation, slaughter. The paper underscores importance developing parameters management to meet needs these animals. Specifically, it describes systems inherent those such as density singles out capture slaughter processes particularly detrimental offers insight into evidence-based approaches can enhance in farming operations.

Language: Английский

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Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with Nanopore sequencing for sequence-based detection of four tilapia pathogens

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13, P. e19425 - e19425

Published: May 13, 2025

Background Tilapia aquaculture faces significant threats posed by four prominent pathogens: tilapia lake virus (TiLV), infectious spleen and kidney necrosis (ISKNV), Francisella orientalis , Streptococcus agalactiae . Currently, employed molecular diagnostic methods for these pathogens rely on multiple singleplex polymerase chain reactions (PCR), which are time-consuming expensive. Methods In this study, we present an approach utilizing a multiplex PCR (mPCR) assay, coupled with rapid Nanopore sequencing, enabling the one-tube simultaneous detection one-reaction sequencing-based validation of pathogens. Results Our assay exhibits limit 1,000 copies per reaction TiLV, ISKNV, S. while F. is 10,000 reaction. This sensitivity sufficient diagnosing infections co-infections in clinical samples from sick fish, confirmation presence Integrating sequencing provides alternative platform fast precise diagnostics major clinically animals, adding to available toolbox disease diagnostics.

Language: Английский

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Bacterial Diversity in Aquacultured African Catfish and Source Pond Water in Buea, Cameroon

International Journal of Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The catfish is a prominent freshwater fish species farmed in Cameroon to meet the escalating demand for products. Despite considerable growth potential, there are concerns about occurrence of bacteria pathogenic both and humans within aquaculture systems. Research on microbiome their habitats remains largely unexplored. Given critical importance understanding microbial composition systems ensure food safety protect public health, this study aimed generate vital preliminary data by investigating bacteriome gills intestines pond water environment using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. findings revealed diverse bacterial community (30 phyla, 678 genera, 1056 species), with Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia collectively representing over 93% observed. Notably, Fusobacteria emerged as dominant phylum (49.98%) (65.3%), while Proteobacteria predominated (40.24%). Bacteria genus Cetobacterium dominated all three samples (gills, 49.93%; intestines, 65.19%; water, 23.85%). Furthermore, identified many including potential pathogens such Edwardsiella , Aeromonas Plesiomonas Flavobacterium human gut Clostridium Bacteroides alongside beneficial probiotic Lactococcus spp. coexistence potentially underscores ecological complex dynamics highlights need thorough management strategies. This provides insights into landscape Cameroonian aquaculture, revealing risks benefits farming.

Language: Английский

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