Causes and effects of a highly successful marine invasion: Case-study of the introduced Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in continental NW European estuaries

Journal of Sea Research, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 64(3), P. 145 - 165

Published: Feb. 13, 2010

Language: Английский

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European map of alien plant invasions based on the quantitative assessment across habitats

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2008, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 98 - 107

Published: Oct. 11, 2008

ABSTRACT Aim Recent studies using vegetation plots have demonstrated that habitat type is a good predictor of the level plant invasion, expressed as proportion alien to all species. At local scale, types explain invasion much better than propagule pressure. Moreover, it has been shown patterns are consistent among European regions with contrasting climates, biogeography, history and socioeconomic background. Here we use these findings basis for mapping in Europe. Location Union some adjacent countries. Methods We used 52,480 from Catalonia (NE Spain), Czech Republic Great Britain quantify levels by neophytes (alien species introduced after ad 1500) 33 types. Then estimated each CORINE land‐cover classes calculated class. projected on map Europe, extrapolating Catalonian data Mediterranean bioregion, Continental British Isles combined Czech–British Atlantic Boreal bioregions. Results The highest were predicted agricultural, urban industrial classes, low natural semi‐natural grasslands most woodlands, lowest sclerophyllous vegetation, heathlands peatlands. resulting reflected distribution across Main conclusions High lowland areas temperate zone western central Europe boreal mountain continent. Low also region except its coastline, river corridors irrigated agricultural land.

Language: Английский

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The major threats to Atlantic salmon in Norway

ICES Journal of Marine Science, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 74(6), P. 1496 - 1513

Published: Feb. 15, 2017

Abstract Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is an economically and culturally important species. Norway has more than 400 watercourses with supports a large proportion of the world’s wild salmon. are structured into numerous genetically differentiated populations, therefore managed at population level. Long-distance migrations between freshwater ocean habitats expose to multiple threats, number anthropogenic factors have contributed decline during last decades. Knowledge on relative importance different vital for prioritizing management measures. We developed semi-quantitative 2D classification system rank used this assess major threats Norwegian Escaped farmed lice from fish farms were identified as expanding escaped being largest current threat. These two affect populations extent that they may be critically endangered or lost, likelihood causing further reductions losses in future. The introduced parasite Gyrodactylus salaris, acidification, hydropower regulation other habitat alterations stabilized which becoming but low loss. Other impacts less influential, either cause loss terms returning adults, not become threatened. Management based specific reference points (conservation limits) reduced exploitation Norway, overexploitation was no longer regarded impact factor. template ranking countries support national international conservation efforts.

Language: Английский

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The influence of numbers on invasion success

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 24(9), P. 1942 - 1953

Published: Jan. 13, 2015

The process by which a species becomes biological invader, at location where it does not naturally occur, can be divided into series of sequential stages (transport, introduction, establishment and spread). A species' success passing through each these depends, in large part, on the number individuals available to assist making transition. Here, we review evidence that numbers determine stage invasion then discuss likely mechanisms affect success. We conclude transport introduction moderating likelihood abundant (and widespread) are deliberately or accidentally translocated; stochastic processes (demographic, environmental, genetic Allee) small, introduced populations will vulnerable; invasive spread most because persistent effects determined involved phase. finish suggesting some further steps advance our understanding influence success, particularly as they relate genetics process.

Language: Английский

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Phragmites australis management in the United States: 40 years of methods and outcomes

AoB Plants, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: Jan. 1, 2014

Studies on invasive plant management are often short in duration and limited the methods tested, lack an adequate description of communities that replace invader following removal. Here we present a comprehensive review studies single species, effort to elucidate future directions for research management. We reviewed literature Phragmites North America synthesize our understanding efforts, identify gaps knowledge improve efficacy Additionally, assessed recent ecological findings concerning mechanisms invasion integrated these into recommendations more effective Our overall goal is examine whether or not current approaches can be improved they promote reestablishment native communities. found: (i) little information community-level recovery vegetation removal Phragmites; (ii) most focus from individual stands groups over relatively small area. With few exceptions, did monitor substantial durations, thus limiting evaluation trajectory. also found none were conducted landscape context, even though it now well documented land-use patterns adjacent habitats influence structure function wetlands, including expansion Phragmites. suggest needs shift watershed-scale efforts coastal regions, larger units inland. In addition, should restoring communities, rather than simply eradicating stands. Wetlands watersheds prioritized ecosystems would benefit those where negative impact minimal.

Language: Английский

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