Beyond banning wildlife trade: COVID-19, conservation and development

World Development, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 136, P. 105121 - 105121

Published: July 29, 2020

Language: Английский

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The Ecology of Tropical East Asia

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 27, 2019

Abstract Tropical East Asia is home to over 1 billion people and faces massive human impacts from its rising population rapid economic growth. It has already lost more than half of forest cover the highest rates deforestation logging in tropics. Hunting trade wildlife products threaten all large many smaller vertebrates. Despite these problems, region still supports an estimated 15–25 per cent global terrestrial biodiversity thus a key focus for conservation. This book therefore deals with plants, animals, ecosystems they inhabit, as well diverse threats their survival options provides background knowledge region’s ecology needed by both specialists non-specialists put own work into broader context. The first edition was describe entire Asian tropics subtropics, southern China western Indonesia, second extended coverage include very similar Northeast India, Bangladesh, Bhutan. third updates contents gives prominence Anthropocene possible conservation responses. accessible style, comprehensive coverage, engaging illustrations make this advanced textbook essential read senior undergraduate graduate-level students studying tropics, authoritative reference professional ecologists, conservationists, interested amateurs worldwide.

Language: Английский

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Wild Meat Is Still on the Menu: Progress in Wild Meat Research, Policy, and Practice from 2002 to 2020

Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 46(1), P. 221 - 254

Published: Aug. 20, 2021

Several hundred species are hunted for wild meat in the tropics, supporting diets, customs, and livelihoods of millions people. However, unsustainable hunting is one most urgent threats to wildlife ecosystems worldwide has serious ramifications people whose subsistence income tied meat. Over past 18 years, although research efforts have increased, scientific knowledge largely not translated into action. One major barrier progress been insufficient monitoring evaluation, meaning that effectiveness interventions cannot be ascertained. Emerging issues include difficulty designing regulatory frameworks disentangle different purposes hunting, large scale urban consumption, implications consumption human health. To address these intractable challenges, wepropose eight new recommendations action sustainable use, which would support achievement United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

Language: Английский

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Multi‐scale habitat modelling identifies spatial conservation priorities for mainland clouded leopards (Neofelis nebulosa)

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 25(10), P. 1639 - 1654

Published: July 18, 2019

Abstract Aim Deforestation is rapidly altering Southeast Asian landscapes, resulting in some of the highest rates habitat loss worldwide. Among many species facing declines this region, clouded leopards rank notably for their ambassadorial potential and capacity to act as powerful levers broader forest conservation programmes. Thus, identifying core opportunities are critical curbing further Neofelis extending umbrella protection diverse biota similarly threatened by widespread loss. Furthermore, a recent comprehensive assessment Sunda ( N. diardi ) highlights lack such information mainland nebulosa facilitates comparative assessment. Location Asia. Methods Species–habitat relationships scale‐dependent, yet <5% all modelling papers apply robust approaches optimize multivariate scale relationships. Using one largest camera trap datasets ever collected, we developed scale‐optimized distribution models two con‐generic carnivores, quantitatively compared niches. Results We identified habitat, connectivity corridors, ranked remaining patches prioritization. Closed‐canopy was strongest predictor, with ~25% lower detections when cover declined from 100 65%. A strong, positive association increasing precipitation suggests ongoing climate change growing threat along drier edges species’ range. While deforestation land use conversion were deleterious both species, uniquely associated shrublands grasslands. 800 km 2 minimum patch size supporting leopard conservation. Main conclusions illustrate utility multi‐scale key requirements, optimal scales targets guiding Curbing development within dispersal particularly Myanmar, Laos Malaysia, evolutionary biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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Shining the spotlight on small mammalian carnivores: Global status and threats

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 255, P. 109005 - 109005

Published: Feb. 24, 2021

Language: Английский

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Governance and Conservation Effectiveness in Protected Areas and Indigenous and Locally Managed Areas

Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 48(1), P. 559 - 588

Published: Nov. 13, 2023

Increased conservation action to protect more habitat and species is fueling a vigorous debate about the relative effectiveness of different sorts protected areas. Here we review literature that compares areas managed by states Indigenous peoples and/or local communities. We argue these can be hard comparisons make. Robust comparative case studies are rare, epistemic communities producing them fractured language, discipline, geography. Furthermore distinction between forms protection on ground blurred. also have careful value this sort comparison as consequences for people nonhuman nature messy diverse. Measures effectiveness, moreover, focus specific dimensions performance, which omit other important dimensions. With caveats, report findings observed multiple study groups focusing regions issues whose reports been compiled into article. There tendency in data community-based or co-managed governance arrangements produce beneficial outcomes nature. These often accompanied struggles rural powerful states. Findings highly context global generalizations limited value.

Language: Английский

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Tiger recovery amid people and poverty

Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 387(6733), P. 505 - 510

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Recovery of large yet ecologically important carnivores poses a formidable global challenge. Tiger ( Panthera tigris ) recovery in India, the world’s most populated region, offers distinct opportunity to evaluate socio-ecological drivers megafauna recovery. occupancy increased by 30% (at 2929 square kilometers per year) over past two decades, leading largest population occupying ~138,200 kilometers. Tigers persistently occupied human-free, prey-rich protected areas (35,255 kilometers) but also colonized proximal connected habitats that were shared with ~60 million people. absence and extinction characterized armed conflict, poverty, extensive land-use changes. Sparing land for tigers enabled sharing, provided socioeconomic prosperity political stability prevailed. India’s tiger cautious optimism recovery, particularly Global South.

Language: Английский

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The primate extinction crisis in China: immediate challenges and a way forward

Biodiversity and Conservation, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 27(13), P. 3301 - 3327

Published: Sept. 4, 2018

Language: Английский

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Habitat degradation and indiscriminate hunting differentially impact faunal communities in the Southeast Asian tropical biodiversity hotspot

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: Oct. 30, 2019

Abstract Habitat degradation and hunting have caused the widespread loss of larger vertebrate species (defaunation) from tropical biodiversity hotspots. However, these defaunation drivers impact in different ways and, therefore, require conservation interventions. We conducted landscape-scale camera-trap surveys across six study sites Southeast Asia to assess how moderate intensive, indiscriminate differentially terrestrial mammals birds. found that functional extinction rates were higher hunted compared degraded sites. Species both had lower occupancies Canopy closure was main predictor occurrence sites, while village density primarily influenced Our findings suggest may be a more immediate threat than habitat for faunal communities, stakeholders should focus as much on overhunting address crisis.

Language: Английский

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Identifying conservation priorities in a defaunated tropical biodiversity hotspot

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 26(4), P. 426 - 440

Published: Jan. 22, 2020

Abstract Aim Unsustainable hunting is leading to widespread defaunation across the tropics. To mitigate against this threat with limited conservation resources, stakeholders must make decisions on where focus anti‐poaching activities. Identifying priority areas in a robust way allows decision‐makers target of importance, therefore maximizing impact interventions. Location Annamite mountains, Vietnam and Laos. Methods We conducted systematic landscape‐scale surveys five study sites (four protected areas, one unprotected area) using camera‐trapping leech‐derived environmental DNA. analysed detections within Bayesian multispecies occupancy framework evaluate species responses anthropogenic influences. Species were then used predict occurrence unsampled regions. predicted richness maps endemic identify importance for targeted Results Analyses showed that habitat‐based covariates uninformative. Our final model incorporated three as well elevation, which reflects both ecological factors. Conservation‐priority tended found are more remote now or have been less accessible past, at higher elevations. Predicted was low broadly similar sites, but slightly site. Occupancy trend. Main conclusion spatial patterns biodiversity heavily defaunated landscapes may require novel methodological analytical approaches. results indicate build prediction it beneficial sample over large scales, use multiple detection methods increase rare species, include capture different aspects pressure analyse data framework. models further suggest should be prioritized efforts prevent loss species.

Language: Английский

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