Unveiling prey preferences of endangered wild Malayan tiger, Panthera tigris jacksoni, in Peninsular Malaysia through scat analysis via COI DNA metabarcoding DOI Creative Commons
Millawati Gani, Frankie Thomas Sitam,

Zubaidah Kamarudin

et al.

Nature Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 55, P. 249 - 268

Published: May 22, 2024

Understanding the prey preference of Malayan tiger ( Panthera tigris jacksoni ) in Malaysia is important to guide conservation planning initiatives. The utilisation DNA metabarcoding provides valuable insights, particularly field carnivora diet research. This technique has been proven be effective for identifying various species within complex mixtures such as scat materials, where visual identification challenging. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I COI locus selected it a widely used an non-invasive approach studies. Hence, given this advance approach, scats were collected on basis existing records their presence two types habitats, namely, protected areas (PA) and human–tiger conflict (HTC) areas. study aimed identify Peninsular Malaysia, based samples using metabarcoding. Based partial mitochondrial region, led taxonomic resolution remnants consumed by tiger, which predominately small-to-medium-sized prey, including livestock. dominant detected belongs family Canidae, followed Bovidae, Vespertilionidae, Homonidae, Felidae, Phasianidae Muridae. A significant difference p < 0.05) was observed alpha beta diversity Shannon index PERMANOVA with regard richness evenness different habitat groups, PA HTC. Our finding insights into dietary requirements, can develop plans strategies priorities.

Language: Английский

Seasonal Prey Abundance and Food Plasticity of the Vulnerable Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia) in the Lapchi Valley, Nepal Himalayas DOI Creative Commons
Narayan Prasad Koju, Kamal Raj Gosai, Bijay Bashyal

et al.

Animals, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(20), P. 3182 - 3182

Published: Oct. 12, 2023

Conservation strategies for apex predators, like the snow leopard (Panthera uncia), depend on a robust understanding of their dietary preferences, prey abundance, and adaptability to changing ecological conditions. To address these critical conservation concerns, this study presents comprehensive evidence availability preferences leopards in Lapchi Valley Nepal Himalayas from November 2021 March 2023. Field data were collected through installation twenty-six camera traps at 16 strategically chosen locations, resulting recording 1228 events 19 mammalian species, including domesticated livestock. Simultaneously, collection twenty scat samples over 3800 m above sea level allowed detailed analysis. Photo capture rate index biomass composition analysis carried out seasonal consumption statistically analyzed. A total potential species documented during period. Himalayan musk deer (Moschus leucogaster) was most abundant but infrequent diet suggesting that are not best bet leopards. Snow found exhibit diverse diet, consuming eleven with blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) being consumed wild horses as preferred The Pianka’s niche overlap between summer winter seasons 0.576, pronounced variation food preference corroborating availability. scarcity larger preys is compensated by small meso-mammals highlighting leopard’s capacity plasticity response resource This research suggests utilization genetic tools further explore composition. Additionally, transboundary movements conducting population assessments will be imperative formulation effective strategies.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
DNA metabarcoding, diversity partitioning and null models reveal mechanisms of seasonal trophic specialization in a Mediterranean warbler DOI Creative Commons
Daniel A. Velarde‐Garcéz, Vanessa A. Mata, Pedro Beja

et al.

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(4)

Published: Dec. 20, 2023

Abstract Optimal Foraging Theory (OFT) predicts that a population's trophic niche expansion should occur in periods of food scarcity as individuals begin to opportunistically exploit sub‐optimal items. However, the Niche Variation Hypothesis (NVH) posits widening may result from increased among‐individual differentiation due partitioning avoid competition. We tested these hypotheses through DNA metabarcoding study Sardinian Warbler ( Curruca melanocephala ) diet over year. used null models and decomposition beta diversity on dietary infer mechanisms driving variation. Warblers fed frequently berries, with peak late summer and, lesser extent, autumn. Their also included wide range arthropods, their prevalence varying among seasons. Consistent OFT, width was narrower spring/summer when population strongly specialized berries. In winter, expanded, possibly reflecting seasonal declines abundance. As predicted by NVH, tended be higher but this mainly differences richness rather than resources. Overall, our results suggest within‐individual does not increase lean periods, instead, adopt either more opportunistic or foraging strategy. Increased competition help explain such patterns, instead showing expected it reflect OFT differential competitive ability access better

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Development and validation of a universal primer pair for the taxonomic and phylogenetic studies of vertebrates DOI
Sana Jafar, Khalid Mahmood Anjum, Muhammad Yasir Zahoor

et al.

Molecular Biology Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51(1)

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Genetic Variation in the Pallas’s Cat (Otocolobus manul) in Zoo-Managed and Wild Populations DOI Creative Commons
Joshua J. Robinson,

Alexis D. Crichlow,

Charlotte Hacker

et al.

Diversity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 228 - 228

Published: April 10, 2024

The Pallas’s cat (Otocolobus manul) is one of the most understudied taxa in Felidae family. species currently assessed as being “Least Concern” IUCN Red List, but this assessment based on incomplete data. Additional ecological and genetic information necessary for long-term situ ex conservation species. We identified 29 microsatellite loci with sufficient diversity to enable studies into individual identification, population structure, phylogeography cats. These microsatellites were genotyped six wild cats from Tibet Autonomous Region Mongolia ten a United States zoo-managed that originated Russia Mongolia. Additionally, we examined 91 bp segment mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA (MT-RNR1) locus hypoxia-related gene, endothelial PAS domain protein 1 (EPAS1). Based MT-RNR1 loci, established displays moderate diversity. Intriguingly, found had unique nonsynonymous substitution EPAS1 not present snow leopards (Panthera uncia) or domestic (Felis catus). analysis indicated reduced compared individuals. study valuable resource future research cat.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Unveiling prey preferences of endangered wild Malayan tiger, Panthera tigris jacksoni, in Peninsular Malaysia through scat analysis via COI DNA metabarcoding DOI Creative Commons
Millawati Gani, Frankie Thomas Sitam,

Zubaidah Kamarudin

et al.

Nature Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 55, P. 249 - 268

Published: May 22, 2024

Understanding the prey preference of Malayan tiger ( Panthera tigris jacksoni ) in Malaysia is important to guide conservation planning initiatives. The utilisation DNA metabarcoding provides valuable insights, particularly field carnivora diet research. This technique has been proven be effective for identifying various species within complex mixtures such as scat materials, where visual identification challenging. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I COI locus selected it a widely used an non-invasive approach studies. Hence, given this advance approach, scats were collected on basis existing records their presence two types habitats, namely, protected areas (PA) and human–tiger conflict (HTC) areas. study aimed identify Peninsular Malaysia, based samples using metabarcoding. Based partial mitochondrial region, led taxonomic resolution remnants consumed by tiger, which predominately small-to-medium-sized prey, including livestock. dominant detected belongs family Canidae, followed Bovidae, Vespertilionidae, Homonidae, Felidae, Phasianidae Muridae. A significant difference p < 0.05) was observed alpha beta diversity Shannon index PERMANOVA with regard richness evenness different habitat groups, PA HTC. Our finding insights into dietary requirements, can develop plans strategies priorities.

Language: Английский

Citations

1