Advances in Catchment Science, Hydrochemistry, and Aquatic Ecology Enabled by High-Frequency Water Quality Measurements

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(12), P. 4701 - 4719

Published: March 13, 2023

High-frequency water quality measurements in streams and rivers have expanded scope sophistication during the last two decades. Existing technology allows situ automated of constituents, including both solutes particulates, at unprecedented frequencies from seconds to subdaily sampling intervals. This detailed chemical information can be combined with hydrological biogeochemical processes, bringing new insights into sources, transport pathways, transformation processes particulates complex catchments along aquatic continuum. Here, we summarize established emerging high-frequency technologies, outline key hydrochemical data sets, review scientific advances focus areas enabled by rapid development rivers. Finally, discuss future directions challenges for using bridge management gaps promoting a holistic understanding freshwater systems catchment status, health, function.

Language: Английский

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Spatial biases of information influence global estimates of soil respiration: How can we improve global predictions?

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(16), P. 3923 - 3938

Published: May 2, 2021

Abstract Soil respiration (Rs), the efflux of CO 2 from soils to atmosphere, is a major component terrestrial carbon cycle, but poorly constrained regional global scales. The soil database (SRDB) compilation in situ Rs observations around globe that has been consistently updated with new measurements over past decade. It unclear whether addition data versions produced better‐constrained estimates. We compared two SRDB (v3.0 n = 5173 and v5.0 10,366) determine how additional influenced annual sum, spatial patterns associated uncertainty (1 km resolution) using machine learning approach. A quantile regression forest model parameterized SRDBv3 yielded sum 88.6 Pg C year −1 , 29.9 (mean absolute error) 57.9 (standard deviation) whereas parameterization SRDBv5 96.5 30.2 average 73.4 . Empirically estimated heterotrophic (Rh) v3 v5 were 49.9–50.2 50.1) 53.3–53.5 53.4) respectively. SRDBv5’s inclusion underrepresented regions (e.g., Asia, Africa, South America) resulted overall higher uncertainty. largest differences between models different SRDVB arid/semi‐arid regions. still biased toward northern latitudes temperate zones, so we tested an optimized distribution measurements, which 96.4 ± 21.4 lower These results support current estimates highlight biases influence interpretation provide insights for design environmental networks improve global‐scale

Language: Английский

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Viewing river corridors through the lens of critical zone science

Frontiers in Water, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: May 31, 2023

River corridors integrate the active channels, geomorphic floodplain and riparian areas, hyporheic zone while receiving inputs from uplands groundwater exchanging mass energy with atmosphere. Here, we trace development of contemporary understanding river perspectives geomorphology, hydrology, ecology, biogeochemistry. We then summarize models corridor along multiple axes including dimensions space time, disturbance regimes, connectivity, hydrochemical exchange flows, legacy effects humans. explore how science can be advanced a critical framework by moving beyond primary focus on discharge-based controls toward multi-factor that identify dominant processes thresholds make predictions serve society. opportunities to investigate relationships between large-scale spatial gradients local-scale processes, embrace riverine are temporally variable interacting, acknowledge services do not respect disciplinary boundaries increasingly need integrated multidisciplinary investigations, explicitly humans their management actions as part corridor. intend our review stimulate cross-disciplinary research recognizing occupy unique position Earth's surface.

Language: Английский

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Catchment concentration–discharge relationships across temporal scales: A review

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Water, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(2)

Published: Dec. 7, 2023

Abstract Processes that drive variability in catchment solute sourcing, transformation, and transport can be investigated using concentration–discharge (C–Q) relationships. These relationships reflect in‐stream processes operating across nested temporal scales, incorporating both short long‐term patterns. Scientists therefore leverage catchment‐scale C–Q datasets to identify distinguish among the underlying meteorological, biological, geological export patterns from catchments influence shape of their respective We have synthesized current knowledge regarding geological, meteorological on for various types diel decadal time scales. cross‐scale linkages tools researchers use explore these interactions Finally, we gaps our understanding dynamics as reflections processes. also lay foundation developing an integrated approach investigate relationships, reflecting biogeochemical effects environmental change water quality. This article is categorized under: Science Water > Hydrological Quality Environmental Change

Language: Английский

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Disentangling the responses of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen concentrations to overlapping drivers in a northeastern United States forested watershed

Frontiers in Water, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: March 13, 2023

The concurrent reduction in acid deposition and increase precipitation impact stream solute dynamics complex ways that make predictions of future water quality difficult. To understand how changes have influenced dissolved organic carbon (DOC) nitrogen (N) loading to streams, we investigated trends from 1991 2018 concentrations (DOC, ~3,800 measurements), (DON, ~1,160 inorganic N (DIN, ~2,130 measurements) a forested watershed Vermont, USA. Our analysis included concentration-discharge (C-Q) relationships Seasonal Mann-Kendall tests on long-term, flow-adjusted concentrations. whether hydrologic flushing long-term patterns by liberating DOC soils, measured their the leachate 108 topsoil cores 5 cm diameter flushed with solutions simulating high low during four different seasons. results indicate DON often co-varied both dataset soil core experiment. Additionally, winter produced especially all three solutes. This seasonal signal was consistent C-Q relation showing materials (e.g., DON), which accumulate winter, are into streams spring snowmelt. Acid had opposite effects compared DIN Low solutions, mimic present day precipitation, highest Conversely, generally These increasing trend decreasing observed data. suggest liberation (C) differed for vs. DIN, these impacts were reflected chemistry patterns. As watersheds continue recover deposition, C:N ratios will likely increase, important consequences metabolism biogeochemical processes.

Language: Английский

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Using Spatially Rich Data Sets to Assess the Influence of Channel Characteristics on Biogeochemical Behavior in Agricultural Watersheds

Water Resources Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 61(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Abstract Many agricultural landscapes have undergone significant modifications to drain farmland and improve crop productivity. Subsurface field drainage, ditching channelization of streams limit opportunities for biogeochemical processing carbon nutrients within the channel network. In this study, we used spatially rich water quality data collected from two contrasting regions an watershed in south‐central Minnesota, USA assess how features, such as channelization, tile presence lakes or wetlands, influence nitrate (NO 3 − ) dissolved organic (DOC). channelized upstream region, land use is predominantly (>92%) with subsurface drainage commonly discharging directly stream channel. Further downstream, more natural increasing including riparian wetlands. We concept reach leverage interpret behavior (i.e., source vs. sink) each region watershed. Results indicate variability between distinct regions, suggesting that characteristics lentic waters play a role regulating processing. The upstream, acts primarily conservative transporter small both NO DOC across sampling dates. contrast, lentic‐influenced exhibited shifts sink over time, especially , influenced by factors hydrologic connectivity discharge. These findings highlight value collecting resolved enhance our understanding which may be useful inform effective management conservation strategies.

Language: Английский

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Investigating Spatial and Temporal Nitrogen Dynamics in a Forested Headwater Stream Over the Course of an Annual Drying Event

Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 130(4)

Published: March 27, 2025

Abstract Headwater streams make up nearly 80% of the stream network by length and play an important role in shaping physical, chemical, biological functions downstream waters. In Southeastern US, these systems are beginning to experience increases frequency duration drying, but it is unclear how increased drying will impact water quality. To begin address this issue, we examined nitrogen dynamics a forested headwater across annual event. The event was divided into seasonal wet (March–June), dry‐down (June–October), rewet (November–March) periods. We used combination quality sensors at watershed outlet, spatially distributed synoptic sampling net denitrification conditions physicochemical variables watershed, series potential experiments examine variation biogeochemical state At nitrate concentrations were positively correlated with watershed‐scale connectivity during period, while streamflow period. Throughout varied more seasons than space, greater Further, temperature, nitrate, ammonium inversely related streamflow. Finally, measurements confirmed period experienced highest rates. Our results highlight connection between humid systems, providing key information for developing predictive understanding streams.

Language: Английский

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Glacier runoff impacts the stoichiometry of riverine nutrient export from coastal Alaskan catchments

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: April 25, 2025

Language: Английский

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Riverine nitrogen and phosphorus output in an arid watershed: combined effects of anthropogenic nutrient inputs, land use, and hydrology

ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 28, 2025

Language: Английский

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Solute export patterns across the contiguous USA

Hydrological Processes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(6)

Published: June 1, 2024

Abstract Understanding controls on solute export to streams is challenging because heterogeneous catchments can respond uniquely drivers of environmental change. To understand general patterns, we used a large‐scale inductive approach evaluate concentration–discharge (C–Q) metrics across spanning broad range catchment attributes and hydroclimatic drivers. We leveraged paired C–Q data for 11 solutes from CAMELS‐Chem, database built upon an existing dataset relatively undisturbed the contiguous USA. Because relationships with Q thresholds reflect shift in dynamics are poorly characterized diverse catchments, analysed using Bayesian segmented regression quantify relationship. Threshold responses were rare, representing only 12% relationships, 56% which occurred predominantly sourced bedrock. Further, dominated by one or two patterns that reflected vertical solute–source distributions. Specifically, bedrock had diluting 43%–70% soils more enrichment 35%–51% catchments. also linked patterns. The generally weak despite diversity attribute types considered. However, central USA typically drove most divergent behaviour solutes. illustrate how our generated new hypotheses be tested at discrete, representative deductive approaches better processes underlying Finally, given these long‐term minimally disturbed findings as benchmarks change

Language: Английский

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