Evidence of emotion dysregulation as a core symptom of adult ADHD: A systematic review

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(1), P. e0280131 - e0280131

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder, with an onset in childhood, that accompanies the person throughout their life, prevalence between 3 and 5% adults. Recent studies point towards fourth core symptom of disorder related to emotional information processing would explain repercussions ADHD has on social, academic, professional life people affected. This review aims describe emotion dysregulation features as well brain activity associated adults ADHD. A search scientific literature was launched specialized databases: PsycInfo, Medline, Eric, PsycArticle, Psicodoc Scopus, following PRISMA guidelines. Twenty-two articles met inclusion criteria: (a) clinical diagnosis, (b) participants over 18 years old, (c) regulation measurement, (d) empirical studies, English. Due heterogeneity included, they were classified into three sections: measures (ER) ADHD, neurological psychophysiological ER, treatments. The found meet selection criteria are scarce very heterogeneous both sample features. Adults show more frequent use non-adaptive strategies compared without symptoms. Moreover, severity, executive functioning, psychiatric comorbidities, even criminal conviction. Different patterns observed when compared. These results may suggest psychopharmacological treatments behavioral therapies could be useful tools for improving difficulties adult

Language: Английский

---

Studying Executive Function in Culturally Meaningful Ways

Journal of Cognition and Development, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(2), P. 260 - 279

Published: Feb. 3, 2023

Children's development of executive function is a good candidate for studying cultural differences because it necessary capacity becoming competent participants in activities, and yet also likely to be shaped by culturally organized everyday experiences, with potential consequences children's learning. An ethnographically grounded study Yucatec Maya children was conducted explore bias existing theoretical constructs methods. autonomously organize their daily activities within dense web family social connections work responsibilities. Yet small pilot samples 4- 8-year-olds were uninterested performed poorly on many traditional measures EF due number assumptions inherent the tasks' logic demands. Specific road blocks identified, including about motivation, task meaning, rules interaction, specific beliefs. Several novel tasks then developed, comprised contextually situated, goal-driven tasks, that more motivated engage in. To check accuracy our analysis we propose design future comparative consisting mix (both interpretable inappropriate children), novel, embedded engaging children. We close cost/benefit using meaningful research development.

Language: Английский

---

Let Me Choose: The Role of Choice in the Development of Executive Function Skills

Current Directions in Psychological Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32(3), P. 220 - 227

Published: March 21, 2023

Executive function (EF) skills, including working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility, form the neurocognitive basis for conscious, goal-directed behavior self-control. Young children are notoriously deficient in such but EF improves most rapidly preschool period. Individual differences predictive of a host important life outcomes, recent advances measurement intervention promising. Caregivers play key role development EF, particularly with respect to supporting child’s autonomy. I take closer look at agency discuss theoretical empirical support notion that giving sense choice how act, think, feel is essential healthy skill early childhood.

Language: Английский

---

Building an assessment of community‐defined social‐emotional competencies from the ground up in Tanzania

Child Development, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 92(6)

Published: Sept. 13, 2021

Abstract Two studies were conducted in 2017 to investigate children's competencies seen as important by communities Mtwara, Tanzania. Qualitative data from 95 parents (34 women) and 27 teachers (11 Study 1 indicated that dimensions of social responsibility, such obedience , valued highly. In 2, the 477 children (245 girls), aged 4–13 years, rated parents. Factor analysis found obedient factor explained most variance parent rating. line with predictions, urban residence, parental socioeconomic status (SES), education all positively associated ratings curiosity SES was negatively emotional regulation . Findings illustrate need for culturally specific frameworks social‐emotional learning.

Language: Английский

---

Self‐regulation in preschool: Are executive function and effortful control overlapping constructs?

Developmental Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(6)

Published: April 28, 2022

The concepts of executive function (EF) and effortful control (EC) are strikingly similar. EF originate from neurocognitive research described as an accumulation cognitive processes that serve the goal-oriented self-regulation (SR) individual. EC originates temperament is defined efficiency attention, including ability to inhibit a dominant response, activate subdominant proceed in planned manner recognize conflicts or errors. aim this article was examine association between constructs at preschool-age. Eighty-eight children (49 female; M-age = 3.93 years, SD .78) were tested with computerized battery designed assess 3-6 years age (EF Touch). Children's parents completed questionnaires assessing impairments (BRIEF-P) (CBQ). Associations their conceptual overlap analyzed using correlations confirmatory factor analyses. We found significant measures. A one-factor model fitted data very well indicated indeed overlapping highly similar constructs. Therefore, our results show measures have substantial preschoolers suggest integrated self-regulation.

Language: Английский

---

Rhythm and movement delivered by teachers supports self-regulation skills of preschool-aged children in disadvantaged communities: A clustered RCT

Early Childhood Research Quarterly, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 65, P. 115 - 128

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Self-regulation skills are an important predictor of school readiness and early achievement. Research identifies that experiences stress in disadvantaged households can affect young children's brain architecture, often manifested poor self-regulatory functioning. While there documented benefits coordinated movement activities music education to improve self-regulation, few interventions have focused exclusively on rhythmic within a universal preschool setting. This study investigated the effectiveness intervention, delivered across eight weeks by generalist teachers, which with self-regulation executive function. The program is known as Rhythm Movement for Self-Regulation (RAMSR). involved 213 children preschools communities. intervention group received 16 20 sessions rhythm over weeks, while control undertook usual program. Primary outcome measures were function secondary outcomes being visual motor integration. Children had baseline demonstrating substantial challenges when compared norms these measures. Post significant effects found importantly, fidelity teacher report show it feasible educators without any background deliver These findings given from low socioeconomic backgrounds both more likely need support transition inequitable access quality programs. confirms this beneficial approach be created through building capacity childhood educators. trial was registered pre-recruitment Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12619001342101.

Language: Английский

---

HTKS-Kids: A tablet-based self-regulation measure to equitably assess young children's school readiness

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Background Technology advances make it increasingly possible to adapt direct behavioral assessments for classroom use. This study examined children's scores on HTKS-Kids, a new, largely child-led version of the established individual research assessment self-regulation, Head-Toes-Knees-Shoulders-Revised task (HTKS-R). For HTKS-Kids tablet-based assessment, which was facilitated by preschool teachers, we (1) preliminary reliability and validity; (2) variation in predicted child age background characteristics; (3) indication that provides different information from teacher ratings children. Method Participants included n = 79 4-year-old children two urban areas upstate New York, USA. Average parent education 12.5 years, ranging 3–20. A researcher administered HTKS-R children, teachers (eight white, Latino) were trained use asked play once with each child. Teachers also rated 10 Child Behavior Rating Scale (CBRS) items about self-regulation. Results We found evidence captures self-regulation correlates positively measures, best predictor scores, Black significantly worse white better CBRS, magnitude group differences similar contribution education. In contrast, showed no score HTKS-Kids. Implications The is promising new could replace or supplement traditional ratings, are often subject implicit bias.

Language: Английский

---

Changes in Children's Behavioral Health and Family Well-Being During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 43(3), P. 168 - 175

Published: Sept. 29, 2021

ABSTRACT: Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and associated public health measures have influenced all aspects of life for children families. In this study, we examine changes in children's behavioral families' well-being at the start pandemic. Method: We used longitudinal data on 2880 from 1 US state collected over 3 waves to compare family child before after a state-wide stay-at-home advisory set March 2020. descriptively examined levels 4 outcomes (externalizing, internalizing, adaptive, dysregulated behaviors) (parental mental health, parental stress, parent-child relationship conflict, household chaos) across preshutdown postshutdown periods. Fixed effects regression models were predict within-child within-family differences outcomes. Results: analyses showed externalizing (0.09 points; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.05–0.13), internalizing (0.04 CI, 0.01–0.08), (0.11 0.06–0.16) behaviors increased shutdown, whereas adaptive declined (−0.10 −0.15 −0.05). Parental issues (0.22 0.17–0.27), stress (0.08 0.03–0.12), conflict (0.10 0.04–0.16), chaos 0.05–0.14) relative levels. Conclusion: Many experienced declines many families early months crisis, suggesting need family-focused child-focused policies mitigate these changes.

Language: Английский

---

Self-regulation as a resource for coping with developmental challenges during middle childhood and adolescence: the prospective longitudinal PIERYOUTH-study

BMC Psychology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: April 3, 2023

Abstract Background Self-regulation (SR) as the ability to regulate one’s own physical state, emotions, cognitions, and behavior, is considered play a pivotal role in concurrent subsequent mental health of an individual. Although SR skills encompass numerous sub-facets, previous research has often focused on only one or few these rarely adolescence. Therefore, little known about development their interplay, specific contributions future developmental outcomes, particularly To fill gaps, this study aims prospectively examine (1) (2) influence adolescent-specific outcomes large community sample. Methods/design Based previously collected data from Potsdam Intrapersonal Developmental Risk (PIER) with three measurement points, present prospective, longitudinal add fourth point (PIER YOUTH ). We aim retain at least 1074 participants now between 16 23 years initially 1657 (6–11 age first 2012/2013; 52.2% female). The will continue follow multi-method (questionnaires, physiological assessments, performance-based computer tasks), multi-facet (assessing various domains SR), multi-rater (self-, parent-, teacher-report) approach. In addition, broad range considered. doing so, we cover relevant over period 10 years. intend conduct fifth (given prolonged funding) investigate up young adulthood. Discussion With its multimethodological approach, PIER contribute deeper understanding sub-facets middle childhood sample size low drop-out rates measurements points form sound database for our prospective research. Trial registration German Clinical Trials Register, number DRKS00030847.

Language: Английский

---

Risk factor, consequence, or common cause? Linking lower self-regulation and internalizing symptoms during middle childhood in a random intercept cross-lagged panel model

Development and Psychopathology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 10

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Abstract This study investigates whether lower self-regulation (SR) facets are risk factors for internalizing symptoms (vulnerability models), consequences of these (scar or develop along the same continuum and thus share common causes (spectrum models) during middle childhood. To analyze models simultaneously, a random intercept cross-lagged panel model was estimated using Mplus. Data were assessed at three measurement time points in community-based sample N = 1657 (52.2% female) children Germany, aged 6–13. Internalizing measured via parent report by emotional problems scale Strengths Difficulties Questionnaire. Seven SR behaviorally, teacher report. At within-person level, concurrently associated with reactivity all points, while no paths reached significance. between-person working memory updating ( r −.29, p < .001), inhibitory control planning behavior −.49, .59, .001). As primarily results lend support to spectrum suggesting impaired SR.

Language: Английский

---