Validating the parental reflective functioning questionnaire ‐ infant version using a rasch model

Infant Mental Health Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Abstract Parental reflective functioning is the parent's ability to reflect on psychological processes in their child and themselves as a parent. Recently, an infant version of Reflective Functioning Questionnaire, PRFQ‐I, has been developed validated using confirmatory factor analyses. The present study aims validate PRFQ‐I Rasch model sample 531 Danish mothers at risk depression infants aged 2–11 months. Our findings indicate that seven response categories were too many for distinguish across all items. Prementalizing showed adequate psychometric properties, while Certainty Mental States Interest Curiosity required recoding with 4 5 optimal scores, respectively. After rescoring, both subscales overall properties. However, shortening may be advisable due local dependency between items 8 17. Additionally, 2 14 ( “I always know what my wants” why I do child” ) function better separate subscale. We recommend scores should analyzed interpreted curvilinear rather than linear manner.

Language: Английский

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Maternal Depression, Parental Reflective Functioning, and Emotional Responses to Infant Crying: A Cross‐Sectional Study

Mental Health Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 3(2)

Published: April 23, 2025

ABSTRACT Maternal depressive symptoms are highly prevalent postpartum and have been shown to negatively impact maternal caregiving. The emotional response infant crying has predict individual differences in the quality of caregiving behavior. Parental reflective functioning, that is, ability understand reflect on infant's mental states, may aid understanding distress signals thereby also regulating negative emotions crying. Therefore, first aim current study was investigate responses parental functioning mothers with clinically relevant depression compared without second test whether an association between is mediated by functioning. Mothers infants 1 12 months age who participated online survey about developing parent−infant relationship Germany were included present study. Depressive symptoms, assessed using Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9), Reflective Functioning (PRFQ), My Emotions Questionnaire. A total 25.1% ( n = 148) reported whereas 74.9% 441) no or only mild symptoms. showed increased reactivity less optimal Further, like anxiety frustration partly dimensions findings indicate incorporation early parenting programs, particularly for experiencing at risk depression, be a critical factor promoting sensitive

Language: Английский

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Validation of the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire in Finnish mothers and fathers of toddlers

Infant Mental Health Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Abstract Parental reflective functioning (PRF) is important in guiding parenting behavior. It traditionally measured with interviews that are relatively time‐consuming. A self‐report measure of PRF, the Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (PRFQ), has been developed but not yet extensively validated across different sociocultural contexts. The aim this study was to examine factorial structure PRFQ a community‐based first‐time parent sample Finland. We further examined associations between scales and parental demographic features, depression, emotional availability (EA) parent‐child relationships, representations child. comprised 355 mothers 108 fathers part larger longitudinal study. Data were collected by an online questionnaire at child age 2 years. PRF PRFQ, depression Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression, interaction quality Emotional Availability Self‐Report, modified adjective list conjunction Interview Maternal/Paternal Representations. Our results showed factor similar original sample, demographics, variables associated expected manner, supporting validity cultures.

Language: Английский

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Ouderlijk schuldgevoel en het internaliserende en externaliserende gedrag van kinderen: de modererende rol van het reflectief functioneren van de ouders

Gezinstherapie Wereldwijd, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 28, 2025

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Parenting in Armed Political Conflict: Relationships Between Parental Efficacy, Reflective Functioning, and Age Among War‐Displaced Families

Journal of Advanced Nursing, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 10, 2025

ABSTRACT Aim This study examines the relationships between parental efficacy, reflective functioning, and age among a unique population of internally displaced Israeli parents. Parents were specifically examined to understand interplay as protective factors children. Through examining these variables, we seek better how buffer negative effects war displacement on families with young Design A cross‐sectional design was employed gather data pertaining research part larger parent–child dyadic intervention. The presented here gathered prior intervention from January 2024 June 2024. Methods In all, 97 parents met in person by team. Data basic demographics, exposure war, relationship gathered. Information through online questionnaires using Qualtrics. One participant's responses excluded due missing data. Results Younger (aged 27–35) exhibited reduced efficacy under high conditions, while older 46–52) demonstrated increased efficacy. These decreases became less pronounced relation higher age. association found be insignificant for aged 35–46. Parental functioning emerged factor against declining buffering low moderate exposure, but diminished high‐stress conditions. Lastly, closer associated levels regardless levels. Conclusion results underscore conditional nature impact parenting, emphasising importance tailored interventions support across different life stages capacities. highlights need targeted strategies enhance resilience, fostering outcomes affected conflict displacement. Implications Profession and/or Patient Care Age‐appropriate considerations focusing are imperative when working ages Impact focused parenting wartime, We younger demonstrate conditions same Additionally, buffers all ages, only exposure. findings relevant around globe, addition war. Reporting Method adhered STROBE guidelines reporting studies this manuscript. or Public Contribution No patient public contribution.

Language: Английский

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Profiles of parental reflective functioning and mind‐mindedness in first‐time parents of 4‐month‐old infants

Infant Mental Health Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 12, 2025

Abstract Profiles of parental reflective functioning (PRF) may offer valuable insights into individual differences in PRF. Previous studies have identified PRF profiles; however, further validation is needed. This study aimed to investigate the convergent validity profiles by examining their association with a related measure mentalization: representational mind‐mindedness. Participants were 1168 first‐time mothers and 490 fathers living Denmark. In an online survey, parents reported on Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire—Infant Version described 4‐month‐old infant free‐text field, which was subsequently coded for frequency mental attributes used describe infant, indicating Results support previous findings potential at‐risk typical profiles, supporting these profiles. showed that High Pre‐Mentalizing profile lowest levels mind‐mindedness compared other maternal For fathers, members Moderate Interest lower Moderately Low Certainty . The current extends work showing evidence yet research still needed examine profiles’ generalizability associations observed parent outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Parental reflective functioning in mothers and fathers of preschoolers: Associations with adult attachment and parenting behavior

Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 65(4), P. 747 - 757

Published: April 6, 2024

Parental reflective functioning (PRF) is considered a key parental competence. Since most research on PRF has focused infancy or the first years of life, there gap in our understanding among parents older children. Therefore, we investigated mothers and fathers with preschool‐aged children, examining associations between PRF, parent's romantic attachment, observed parenting behavior. The sample comprised 50 mothers, 40 fathers, their 5‐year‐old was assessed using questionnaire (PRFQ), attachment experiences close relationships scale‐revised (ECR‐R), behavior during parent–child free‐play interaction coding interactive (CIB) system. Results showed that scored higher interest curiosity scale than indicating show more active child's mental states. Further, levels anxiety were associated pre‐mentalizing modes . In avoidance lower Finally, unexpectedly, less sensitivity free play. summary, study found meaningful mothers' fathers' spill‐over strategies into relationship child. results suggest very high reflect hypermentalizing.

Language: Английский

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Parental mentalization across cultures: Mind‐mindedness and parental reflective functioning in British and South Korean mothers

Infant Mental Health Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 8, 2024

Abstract Differences in mind‐mindedness and parental reflective functioning (PRF) were investigated mothers their 6‐month‐old infants from South Korea ( N = 66, 32 girls) the United Kingdom 63, 26 girls). Mind‐mindedness was assessed terms of appropriate non‐attuned mind‐related comments during infant–mother interaction; PRF using a questionnaire. British commented more on infant desires preferences, whereas Korean cognitions emotions, but there no cultural differences overall levels mind‐mindedness. For PRF, reported certainty about infants’ mental states compared with counterparts, mothers’ interest states. Greater positively related to self‐reported parenting quality both groups, this association not seen for as observationally. unrelated mothers. Results are discussed concept mother–infant oneness multi‐dimensional nature mentalization.

Language: Английский

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The significance of parental mentalizing for four-year-old children’s solitary pretend play

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(1), P. e0297671 - e0297671

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Pretend play is a signature behavior of early childhood and considered to reflect the child's emerging symbolic function, enabling interpretation social signals, language development, emotion understanding. While theory links parental mentalizing with children's pretend play, only few studies have investigated this association. These are limited infancy toddlerhood, child assessed during an adult (social play). Based on assumption that solitary reflects 'baseline' ability, in study, we at its peak, i.e., preschool age, without facilitation another player. The overall objective was investigate if increases complexity children.

Language: Английский

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Psychometric evaluation of the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire in Polish mothers

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(4), P. e0299427 - e0299427

Published: April 17, 2024

Parental reflective functioning (PRF) refers to a parent’s capacity reflect on and understand the inner mental states of their child, own with regard how these may influence behavior interactions. This has been shown foster secure attachment in children socio-emotional development. The present study examined psychometric properties Polish translation Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (PRFQ), brief screening measure PRF, large community sample mothers aged 0–5 years ( N = 979). Confirmatory factor analysis supported hypothesized three-factor structure PRFQ, which consists three subscales: prementalizing modes, certainty about states, interest curiosity states. However, item loadings suggested that 15-item version fitted data better than original 18-item version. These PRFQ subscales exhibited satisfactory moderate six-month test–retest reliability. They also correlated theoretically expected ways several criterion measures such as maternal attachment, parenting stress, parental role restriction, depression severity, borderline symptoms. In conclusion, this is first provide preliminary evidence for reliability validity mothers.

Language: Английский

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