Sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(24), P. 11278 - 11278
Published: Dec. 23, 2024
This study evaluates the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI), per capita GDP, renewable energy consumption, and urbanization on India’s CO2 emissions over period 1990–2023. In context rapid economic growth urbanization, India faces major challenges related to environmental sustainability. Using ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag) model Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), this research analyzes complex relationships between these factors emissions. The results highlight existence an N-shaped EKC curve with two inflection points at GDP values. highlights essential role consumption in reducing improving access electricity promoting sustainable development. findings provide valuable insights into policies, highlighting need balance protection.
Language: Английский