Ecotoxicity of Fire Retardants to Zebrafish (Danio rerio) in Early Life Stages DOI Creative Commons
Darlan Quinta Brito, Tathyana Benetis Piau,

Carlos Henke-Oliveira

et al.

Journal of Xenobiotics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 79 - 79

Published: May 23, 2025

With the escalating frequency and intensity of global wildfires driven by climate change, fire retardants (FRs) have become essential tools in wildfire management. Despite their widespread use, environmental safety newer FR formulations—particularly relation to aquatic ecosystems developmental toxicity—remains insufficiently understood. In particular, effects on fish embryos, which represent a sensitive ecologically important life stage, are poorly characterized. This study investigated acute toxicity three commercially available FRs—N-Borate, N-Phosphate+, N-Phosphate-—on early stages zebrafish (Danio rerio), based an OECD 236 Fish Embryo Toxicity (FET) test. Notably, N-Phosphate- exhibited significant with 96 h LC50 60 mg/L (0.0055%), while N-Borate (>432 mg/L, >0.032%) N-Phosphate+ (>1181 >0.08%) showed substantially lower toxicity. Sublethal effects, including reduced yolk sac absorption darkening, were observed across all FRs, highlighting potential disruptions. The elevated likely stems from its surfactant content. These findings reveal variations different formulations, emphasizing need for ecotoxicological assessments guide selection safer FRs management protect biodiversity. results highlight importance incorporating endpoints risk provide foundational data regulatory decisions regarding application near habitats. Further research is necessary elucidate mechanisms underlying evaluate cross-species at environmentally relevant concentrations.

Language: Английский

Ecotoxicity of Fire Retardants to Zebrafish (Danio rerio) in Early Life Stages DOI Creative Commons
Darlan Quinta Brito, Tathyana Benetis Piau,

Carlos Henke-Oliveira

et al.

Journal of Xenobiotics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 79 - 79

Published: May 23, 2025

With the escalating frequency and intensity of global wildfires driven by climate change, fire retardants (FRs) have become essential tools in wildfire management. Despite their widespread use, environmental safety newer FR formulations—particularly relation to aquatic ecosystems developmental toxicity—remains insufficiently understood. In particular, effects on fish embryos, which represent a sensitive ecologically important life stage, are poorly characterized. This study investigated acute toxicity three commercially available FRs—N-Borate, N-Phosphate+, N-Phosphate-—on early stages zebrafish (Danio rerio), based an OECD 236 Fish Embryo Toxicity (FET) test. Notably, N-Phosphate- exhibited significant with 96 h LC50 60 mg/L (0.0055%), while N-Borate (>432 mg/L, >0.032%) N-Phosphate+ (>1181 >0.08%) showed substantially lower toxicity. Sublethal effects, including reduced yolk sac absorption darkening, were observed across all FRs, highlighting potential disruptions. The elevated likely stems from its surfactant content. These findings reveal variations different formulations, emphasizing need for ecotoxicological assessments guide selection safer FRs management protect biodiversity. results highlight importance incorporating endpoints risk provide foundational data regulatory decisions regarding application near habitats. Further research is necessary elucidate mechanisms underlying evaluate cross-species at environmentally relevant concentrations.

Language: Английский

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