Organic contaminants in Great Lakes tributaries: Prevalence and potential aquatic toxicity

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 554-555, P. 42 - 52

Published: March 4, 2016

Organic compounds used in agriculture, industry, and households make their way into surface waters through runoff, leaking septic-conveyance systems, regulated unregulated discharges, combined sewer overflows, among other sources. Concentrations of these organic waste (OWCs) some Great Lakes tributaries indicate a high potential for adverse impacts on aquatic organisms. During 2010-13, 709 water samples were collected at 57 tributaries, together representing approximately 41% the total inflow to lakes. Samples during runoff low-flow conditions analyzed 69 OWCs, including herbicides, insecticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, plasticizers, antioxidants, detergent metabolites, fire retardants, non-prescription human drugs, flavors/fragrances, dyes. Urban-related land cover characteristics most important explanatory variables concentrations many OWCs. Compared from nonurban watersheds (<15% urban cover) (>15% had nearly four times number detected sample concentration, average. Concentration differences between not observed, but seasonal observed atrazine, metolachlor, DEET, HHCB concentrations. Water quality benchmarks individual OWCs exceeded 20 sites, 7 sites by factor 10 or more. The with frequent benchmark exceedances PAHs benzo[a]pyrene, pyrene, fluoranthene, anthracene, metabolite 4-nonylphenol, herbicide atrazine. Computed estradiol equivalency quotients (EEQs) using only nonsteroidal endocrine-active indicated medium risk estrogenic effects (intersex vitellogenin induction) sites. EEQs 3 comparable values reported effluent. This multifaceted study is largest, comprehensive assessment occurrence Basin date.

Language: Английский

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Mercury speciation and biomagnification in the food web of Caddo Lake, Texas and Louisiana, USA, a subtropical freshwater ecosystem

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 30(5), P. 1153 - 1162

Published: Feb. 9, 2011

We studied the biomagnification of total mercury and methylmercury in a subtropical freshwater lake, Caddo Lake, Texas Louisiana, USA. The present study is unique that it not only included invertebrates (seven species) fish (six but also an amphibian (one species), reptiles (three mammals species). Nonfish vertebrates such as those are often assessments trophic transfer Hg. Mean position (determined using stable isotopes nitrogen) ranged from 2.0 (indicative primary consumer) to 3.8 tertiary consumer). Hg concentrations 36 3,292 ng/g dry weight muscle whole body 150 30,171 liver. Most whole-body tissue was found methylmercury, at least 50% liver inorganic form (with exception largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides). Mercury were positively correlated with position, indicating occurs food web Lake. magnification factors (FWMFs; slope relationship between mean concentration position) for both similar observed other studies. Because most consumers FWMF significantly different Some examined had low their tissues invertebrates, whereas others previous studies have been associated negative health consequences fish.

Language: Английский

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Effects of urban development on stream ecosystems in nine metropolitan study areas across the United States

U.S. Geological Survey circular/U.S. Geological Survey Circular, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2012

Urban development is an important agent of environmental change in the United States. The urban footprint on American landscape has expanded during a century and half almost continuous development. Eighty percent Americans now live metropolitan areas, advantages challenges living these developed areas—convenience, congestion, employment, pollution—are part day-to-day realities most Americans. Nowhere are changes associated with more evident than streams. Contaminants, habitat destruction, increasing streamflow flashiness resulting from have been disruption biological communities, particularly loss sensitive aquatic species. Every stream connected downstream to larger water bodies, including rivers, reservoirs, ultimately coastal waters. Inputs chemical contaminants or sediments at any point along can cause degradation adverse effects communities economically valuable resources, such as fisheries tourism. In response general concerns about streams, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted national-scale, scientific investigation ecosystems. Nine study areas States were selected—Portland, Oregon; Salt Lake City, Utah; Birmingham, Alabama; Atlanta, Georgia; Raleigh, North Carolina; Boston, Massachusetts; Denver, Colorado; Dallas, Texas; Milwaukee, Wisconsin. studies Boston 1999–2000; Denver 2002–2003; Portland, Milwaukee 2003–2004. comprehensive all nine focused three broad questions interest decision makers: What primary ecosystems? How do ecosystems vary regionally across country? Which urban-related stressors closely linked community degradation, how multiple be managed protect health watershed becomes increasingly urbanized?

Language: Английский

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Consumption of freshwater fish: A variable but significant risk factor for PFOS exposure

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 192, P. 110284 - 110284

Published: Oct. 3, 2020

PFOS, PFOA, PFNA and PFHxS are the PFAS substances that currently contribute most to human exposure, in 2020 European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) presented a draft opinion on tolerable intake of 8 ng/kg/week for sum these four (equaling 0.42 μg/kg if expressed as an annual dose). Diet is usually dominating exposure pathway, particular PFOS has been shown be strongly related consumption fish seafood. Those who eat freshwater may especially at risk since its biota typically display higher concentrations than marine systems. In this study, we estimated range among average Swedish "normal" "high" consumers fish. By mean persons weight average-sized portions. The "normal consumers" were assumed 3 times per year, "high once week. Under assumptions, yearly reached when equals 59 3.4 μg kg meat. For muscle tissue edible-sized perch, pike pikeperch retrieved from three different datasets, covering both rural urban regions total 78 inland waters. Mean sites varied 0.3 750 μg/kg. From available data, min-max dietary male was found 0.0021–5.4 μg/kg/yr evaluated scenarios, with median values 0.02–0.16 μg/kg/yr. consumers", 0.04–93 μg/kg/yr, being 0.27–1.6 women, estimates slightly lower, about 79% men. Despite highly variable sites, conclude commonly consumed species Sweden constitute important source even people kind only few year. analyses showed which all below detection limit, their contribution via negligible comparison PFOS.

Language: Английский

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Organic contaminants of emerging concern in sediments and flatfish collected near outfalls discharging treated wastewater effluent to the Southern California Bight

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 31(12), P. 2683 - 2688

Published: Sept. 16, 2012

To investigate the occurrence and bioaccumulation of organic contaminants emerging concern (CECs) near four major wastewater ocean outfalls in Southern California Bight, more than 75 pharmaceutical personal care products, current-use pesticides, industrial/commercial chemicals were analyzed sediment liver tissues hornyhead turbot (Pleuronichthys verticalis) using gas liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Although most CECs targeted infrequently detected or not detectable, triclosan, 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) bis(2-ethylhexylphthalate) all sediments at median (maximum) concentrations 5.1 (8.6), 30 (380), 121 (470) µg/kg, respectively. In liver, 4-NP polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners 47 99 >90% samples 85 (290) 210 (480) The sedative diazepam was samples, but sediments. Sediment across outfall locations ranged over several orders magnitude elevated relative to a reference site. Relative sediment, accumulation PBDEs comparable that for legacy organochlorines, confirming their high potential suggesting inclusion future tissue monitoring studies. Mean PBDE higher livers from male versus female P. verticalis, gender differences also be considered designing such

Language: Английский

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Persistent organic pollutants in fish tissue in the mid-continental great rivers of the United States

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2009, Volume and Issue: 408(5), P. 1180 - 1189

Published: Dec. 9, 2009

Language: Английский

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Endocrine disruptor responses in African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus) exposed to di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C Toxicology & Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 213, P. 7 - 18

Published: July 7, 2018

Language: Английский

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The long shadow of our chemical past – High DDT concentrations in fish near a former agrochemicals factory in England

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 162, P. 333 - 344

Published: Aug. 16, 2016

A total of 81 roach (Rutilus rutilus) collected from 13 southern English river sites between 2007 and 2012, were analysed for organochlorine pesticides, PCBs, PBDEs some metals. Unexpectedly high concentrations the banned insecticide DDT its degradation products DDE DDD (∑DDTs) found in 10 fish Lee (or Lea) which averaged 88 ± 70 (standard deviation) μg/kg ww, almost 20 times higher than average remaining (4.8 3.1 μg/kg). All that site exceeded Canadian Tissue Residue Guideline (environmental quality standard) 14 ∑DDTs. Concentrations insecticides chlordane lindane as well copper, is often used a fungicide, also elevated Lee, though not much those DDTs. likely explanation these observations was nearby former pesticide factory, had stopped production about three decades earlier. An extensive review recent literature data on wild European that, while levels are now generally low, there several other hotspots with ∑DDTs may still be concern.

Language: Английский

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Ecotoxicology of polychlorinated biphenyls in fish—a critical review

Critical Reviews in Toxicology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 45(8), P. 643 - 661

Published: May 6, 2015

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are widespread persistent anthropogenic contaminants that can accumulate in tissues of fish. The toxicity PCBs and their transformation products has been investigated for nearly 50 years, but there is a lack consensus regarding the effects these environmental on wild fish populations. objective this review to critically examine investigations evaluate publicly available databases evidence Biological activity limited small proportion PCB congeners [e.g., dioxin-like (DL-PCBs)] occurs at concentrations typically orders magnitude higher than levels detected Induction biomarkers consistent with exposure (e.g., induction cytochrome P450 monooxygenase system) evaluated frequently shown be induced from some environments, does not appear reports damage (i.e., effect) biomolecules oxidative injury) Numerous endocrine system dysfunction or other organ systems have conducted fish, collectively no Early life stage DL-PCBs occur reported embryos, results do support an association between decreased survival early stages Overall, appears little had any effect health

Language: Английский

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Concentration of organic contaminants in fish and their biological effects in a wastewater-dominated urban stream

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 420, P. 191 - 201

Published: Feb. 15, 2012

Language: Английский

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