Unraveling local and regional determinants of high plant diversity at marine rocky outcrops in Uruguay

Journal of Vegetation Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35(4)

Published: July 1, 2024

Abstract Questions Marine rocky outcrops are model systems of community assembly under harsh conditions. The prevailing environmental conditions that determine a coast–inland gradient stress and disturbance impose strong filter on assembly. However, the Atlantic Uruguay challenge this assumption as they exhibit high plant diversity at small spatial scales. We investigated study system to answer: (1) which factors local scale; (2) how does regional pool influence species composition along gradient? Methods analyzed determinants in four sites Uruguayan coast. Through random sampling approach stratified by distance coast, we recorded occurrences microenvironmental Observed taxa were assigned into different assemblages according their typical vegetation type. Generalized Linear Model (GLM)–Poisson regression, quantile regressions hierarchical cluster analyses used identify underlying richness structure. Results Nine types generate mass effect enhances diversity. Unexpectedly, 56% from non‐marine environments — e.g. grasslands or hydrophilous herblands. Species spatially clustered, with turnover these clusters gradient. Elevation, coast cover promoted richness, likely due an attenuation marine filters. Meanwhile, substrate availability reduced competitive exclusion result more resources homogeneous Conclusions is best explained functionally diverse pool, interacts heterogeneity, enhance attenuate stress. Effective conservation management strategies key minimize detrimental effects urbanization, fragmentation, non‐native invasions habitats.

Language: Английский

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Lessons from pond creation and restoration projects in Europe

Restoration Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 11, 2024

Pond ecosystems harbour substantial biodiversity and contribute to several ecosystem services as nature‐based solutions (NbS). restoration creation projects have been initiated address these trends, yet while some insights are published, many remain within the expertise of practitioners not easily accessible. Moreover, papers synthesizing findings from multiple such derive broad, universal conclusions very much lacking. Here, we contacted pond that worked on recent in Europe using a questionnaire. We reported which practices currently most common identified where current good might need be modified. As expected, targeted monitored species habitats protected under European Union Birds Directive Habitats Directive. Most focused conservation targets, rather than promotion specific Natura 2000 habitats, or NbS. Several challenges were highlighted including funding limitations stakeholder engagement difficulties. Recommendations included amending legal frameworks, improving connectivity among pondscapes for effective implementing more systematic monitoring. This work illustrates how consultation stakeholders can generate may hidden typical monitoring reports.

Language: Английский

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Principal determinants of aquatic macroinvertebrate communities in small shallow lakes and ponds

Biodiversity and Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(11), P. 3253 - 3274

Published: July 25, 2024

Language: Английский

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Conservation Corridors With Many Small Waterbodies Support Dragonfly Functional Diversity Across a Transformed Landscape Mosaic

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(12)

Published: Oct. 28, 2024

ABSTRACT Aim Human activities pose many challenges to freshwater biodiversity. Among these, is landscape transformation, such as conversion of natural grassland plantation forestry, impacting both terrestrial and Functional diversity measures provide substantial information on current emerging impacts biological communities, aid conservation decisions relative anthropogenic impacts. We determined (1) environmental similarities among 10 biotope types; (2) whether biotopes in corridor networks support equal levels functional richness divergence compared with an extensive neighbouring protected area; (3) certain are more important for maintaining than others; (4) associations between traits types could be identified. Location The northeastern coastal region South Africa. Methods Using dragonflies model organisms, data from 140 lotic lentic sites, we investigated the distribution dragonfly across a forestry‐natural mosaic range types. Results Lake sites were different their conditions other biotopes. Environmental variable difficult distinguish. Freshwater corridors supported those area. Overall, low at lake wallows, while all high divergence. Trait complex waterscape driven by habitat selection, flight behaviour ecological sensitivity. Main Conclusions Maintaining small habitats would best this transformed landscape. A combination offers wide essential conserving full species region.

Language: Английский

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Scaling of biological rates with body size as a backbone in the assembly of metacommunity biodiversity

Biology Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(6)

Published: June 1, 2023

The dispersal–body mass association has been highlighted as a main determinant of biodiversity patterns in metacommunities. However, less attention devoted to other well-recognized determinants metacommunity diversity: the scaling density and regional richness with body size. Among active dispersers, increase movement size may enhance local decrease β-diversity. Nevertheless, reduction population determine negative diversity–body association. Consequently, assembly probably emerges from balance between effect these scalings. We formalize this hypothesis by relating exponents size-scaling rules simulated trends α-, β- γ-diversity Our results highlight that relationship metacommunities be driven combined different rules. Given their ubiquity most terrestrial aquatic biotas, represent basic determinants—backbone—of biodiversity, over which mechanisms operate determining assembly. Further studies are needed, aimed at explaining functional relationships biological rates size, well environmental conditions species interactions.

Language: Английский

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Preface: Small water bodies in the landscape

Hydrobiologia, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 850(15), P. 3209 - 3210

Published: May 17, 2023

Language: Английский

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Mapping planktonic communities: a network approach to assess the role of scale and centrality on their diversity and composition

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

The distribution of habitats across a landscape and their centrality gradient are key elements defining the effective pathways dispersal, thus metacommunity assembly. Understanding how shapes diversity patterns is essential for predicting impact future changes on diversity. While alpine lakes have been extensively studied, often considering fluvial network as potential landscape, small planktonic communities frequently overlooked dispersers due to assumed ubiquity. In this study, we investigate lake along networks constructed at different scales, ranging from 6.5 650 km network. We sampled 55 in northern Alps (16S, 18S, phytoplankton zooplankton) calculated several metrics (alpha, beta LCBD) multivariate analysis. then responding determined gradients, finally explored relationship with each group. expected that groups' would relate differently scales based body size, but outcomes were varied. Bacterioplankton zooplankton both affected higher than 100 km, whereas appeared completely unrelated centrality. Nonetheless, could observe when significant, relationships between shared among organisms. These findings not only underscore organisms influenced by configurations larger system also emphasise critical role dispersal these groups which it impacts

Language: Английский

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Fall of giants: European diversity resistance to waterscape degradation and its potential continental drivers

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 14, 2024

Abstract Aquatic landscapes, or waterscapes, face severe threats from human activities propelling their deterioration. Waterscape degradation represents a main driver of the current diversity crisis, although its long-term consequences are difficult to quantify. In addition, understanding potential effects waterscape on biodiversity at large spatial scales, such as biomes and continents, remains limited. this work, we explore trends in decay response across Europe provide first answer these threads. We reconstructed European based available satellite data simulated patterns using coalescent metacommunity model run for several ecoregions considering nine dispersal abilities. Subsequently, generated gradient by systematically removing percentage habitat recalculating metrics. For each ecoregion, ability, level obtained theoretical gamma value. synthesized captured two parameters: proportional rate collapsing rate, which respectively inform about speed loss acceleration progresses. Finally, mapped parameters related them with ecoregion structural descriptors (i.e. geographic location, water cover, connectivity, size). Through exercise, could identify ecoregions’ sensitivities continental variation parameters. Connectivity cover emerged primary decay, more heterogeneous generally exhibiting greater resistance degradation. Our study provides order approximation an urgently needed information: continental-scale biodiversity. This has improve conservation practices facilitate integration innovative approaches management, thereby enhancing our posed one principal freshwater diversity.

Language: Английский

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Both local stability and dispersal contribute to metacommunity sensitivity to asynchronous habitat availability

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 15, 2024

Abstract The stability of isolated communities depends on the complexity their foodwebs. However, it remains unclear how local interacts with dispersal in multitrophic metacommunities to shape biodiversity patterns. This lack understanding is deeper more realistic frame landscapes that exhibit non-trivial and time-varying structures. Therefore, this study, we aim evaluate influence stabilizing factors versus determining sensitivity metacommunity increasing asynchrony site availability. Additionally, assess role foodweb landscape structure as modulating factors. To accomplish our goals developed a model based random matrices for communities, which are linked by stochastic over explicit dynamic landscapes. We ran numerical simulations computed effect sizes temperature, self-limitation, ability, all pairwise combinations, asynchrony. In experiments explored gradients species richness, connectance, number sites, modularity. Our results showed among availability periods reduced $$\alpha$$ α -diversity increased $$\beta$$ β -diversity. Asynchrony $$\gamma$$ γ at high rates. Both regional determined Local were influential fewer sites lower modularity, well composed complex research offers insights into dynamics landscapes, providing valuable knowledge about interplay between shaping ecological persistence.

Language: Английский

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Transformation of Ecosystems of Floodplain Water Bodies under Current Natural and Anthropogenic Changes and Possible Strategies for their Conservation

Успехи современной биологии, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 144(1), P. 80 - 96

Published: Aug. 13, 2024

This review summarizes information on the main negative factors affecting state of floodplain water bodies ecosystems, describes most common consequences for abiotic and biotic processes, suggests possible ways to conserve these ecosystems. Evidence impact hydraulic construction, embanking floodplains, channelizing rivers, agriculture, other anthropogenic impacts is presented. A special role played by climate change, which leads a decrease in flood inundation, drying overgrowing bodies, their eutrophication. The authors suggest criteria choose correct indicators that can testify not only stages body succession (e.g., vegetation) or its trophic status (zooplankton), but also long-term effects climatic changes. As recommendation, it proposed consider separately, assess whole waterscapes use change β-diversity as an indicator. Further conservation strategies be based approaches Red List Ecosystems International Union Conservation Nature Natural Resources (IUCN), will help draw attention problem. key should territorial protection measures, up development separate category small bodies.

Language: Английский

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