Principal Drivers and Conservation Solutions to the Impending Primate Extinction Crisis: Introduction to the Special Issue

International Journal of Primatology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 43(1), P. 1 - 14

Published: Feb. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Human‐modified landscapes driving the global primate extinction crisis

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(20), P. 5775 - 5787

Published: Aug. 14, 2023

The world's primates have been severely impacted in diverse and profound ways by anthropogenic pressures. Here, we evaluate the impact of various infrastructures human-modified landscapes on spatial patterns primate species richness, at both global regional scales. We overlaid International Union for Conservation Nature (IUCN) range maps 520 applied a 100 km2 grid. used structural equation modeling simultaneous autoregressive models to direct indirect effects six human-altered variables (i.e., human footprint [HFP], croplands [CROP], road density [ROAD], pasture lands [PAST], protected areas [PAs], Indigenous Peoples' [IPLs]) threatened non-threatened species, as well with decreasing non-decreasing populations. Two-thirds all are classified Critically Endangered, Vulnerable), ~86% experiencing population declines, ~84% domestic or international trade. found that expansion PAST, HFP, CROP, infrastructure had most negative richness. In contrast, forested habitat within IPLs PAs was positively associated safeguarding diversity globally, an even stronger effect level. Our results show play critical role conservation, helping prevent their extinction; HFP growth has dramatically worldwide. findings support predictions continued pressures natural habitats may lead significant decline likely, extirpations. advocate national policy frameworks promoting alternative/sustainable livelihoods reducing persistent help mitigate extinction risk species.

Language: Английский

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Primates facing climate crisis in a tropical forest hotspot will lose climatic suitable geographical range

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

Global climate changes affect biodiversity and cause species distribution shifts, contractions, expansions. Climate change disease are emerging threats to primates, approximately one-quarter of primates' ranges have temperatures over historical ones. How will influence Atlantic Forest primate ranges? We used habitat suitability models measured potential in area distributions shifts. expected 2100 may the primates. Fourteen (74%) predicted lose more than 50% their distribution, nine (47%) 75% distribution. The balance was negative, indicating a future loss, strength reduction is related severity (SSP scenarios). Directional shifts were detected south. projected mean centroid latitudinal shift ~ 51 km south for SSP5-8.5 scenario. possibility dispersal depend on suitable routes landscape configuration. Greenhouse gas emissions should be urgently reduced. Our results also emphasize that no forest loss acceptable Forest, restoration, canopy bridges, friendly agroecosystems, monitoring infrastructure projects urgent enable dealing with change.

Language: Английский

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Perspectives on Conservation Impacts of the Global Primate Trade

International Journal of Primatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(4), P. 972 - 999

Published: May 10, 2024

Abstract The global trade in nonhuman primates represents a substantial threat to ecosystem health, human and primate conservation worldwide. Most of the involves for pet-keeping, consumption, or biomedical experimentation. We present an overview international through five case studies; each describes different facet this trade. draw on published scientific literature, media outlets, open access datasets, including CITES Trade Database build these studies. Case study 1 role introduced island populations Macaca Chlorocebus experimentation; 2 covers health threats posed by trade, zoonotic disease transmission once animals enter pipeline; 3 addresses ways that changing patterns from local markets online, have increased demand as pets; 4 recognizes environmental activism can play mitigating trade; 5 shows variation between regions their contribution recommend greater oversight especially domestic within range countries, real-time reporting accurately track Effective conservation-focused regulations minimise negative effects must be tailored specific species require transparency, careful regulation, field research, understanding magnitude

Language: Английский

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Mapping suitable habitat and Anthropocene refugia for Ethiopian Guerezas: insights for their conservation

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e03547 - e03547

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Losing lemurs: Declining populations and land cover changes over space and time

American Journal of Primatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 11, 2024

Abstract Forest loss and degradation due to land cover changes imperil biodiversity worldwide. Subtropical tropical ecosystems experience high deforestation rates, negatively affecting species like primates. Madagascar's endemic lemurs face exceptionally risks of population declines extirpation. We examined how short‐term within a fragmented landscape in southeastern Madagascar impacted the density lemur species. Using line transects, we assessed nine across five forest fragments. Diurnal surveys were conducted monthly from 2015 2019 on 35 transects (total effort = 1268 km). Additionally, 21 surveyed nocturnally 2016 107.5 To quantify changes, generated use/land (LULC) maps Sentinel‐2 imagery using supervised classification for each year. For LULC maps, overlayed species‐specific buffers around all calculated proportion classes them. observed annual densities four diurnal cathemeral between 2019, with up 80% ( Varecia variegata ). While two nocturnal decreased, one increased fivefold Cheirogaleus major ) 2016. By Grassland was dominant type (50%), while Paddy Fields had smallest coverage (1.03%). Mature Agricultural Land most (63.37%), New decreased (–66.36%). Unexpectedly, did not find evidence that higher supported sampled areas, but found support negative impact degraded types three Our study underscores urgent need address land‐use their repercussions primate populations ecosystems. The diverse responses modified habitats highlight complexity these impacts emphasize importance targeted conservation efforts.

Language: Английский

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Ecological Forecasting for Night Monkeys in the Aotus lemurinus Complex: Climate-driven Threats to Habitat Suitability

International Journal of Primatology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Language: Английский

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Unprecedented female mutation bias in the aye-aye, a highly unusual lemur from Madagascar

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(2), P. e3003015 - e3003015

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Every mammal studied to date has been found have a male mutation bias: parents transmit more de novo mutations offspring than female parents, contributing increasingly with age. Although male-biased for 75 years, its causes are still debated. One obstacle understanding this pattern is near universality—without variation in bias, it difficult find an underlying cause. Here, we present new data on multiple pedigrees from two primate species: aye-ayes ( Daubentonia madagascariensis ), member of the strepsirrhine primates, and olive baboons Papio anubis ). In stark contrast across mammals, much larger effect maternal age paternal rates aye-aye. addition, older aye-aye mothers substantially fathers. We carry out both computational experimental validation our results, contrasting them results other primates using same methodologies. Further, analyze set DNA repair replication genes identify candidate that may be responsible change bias observed aye-ayes. Our demonstrate not immutable trait, but rather one can evolve between closely related species. Further work (and possibly lemuriform primates) should help explain molecular basis sex-biased mutation.

Language: Английский

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Genetic Conservation and Population Management of Non‐Human Primates: Parentage Determination Using Seven Microsatellite‐Based Multiplexes

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Conservation of non‐human primates receives much attention, with nearly 350 the more than 520 recorded primate species classified as threatened. To conduct effective population management, monitoring genetic diversity within is key importance, it can offer insights into levels inbreeding groups or populations. examine kinship macaque breeding housed at Biomedical Primate Research Centre, located in Rijswijk, The Netherlands, we have developed seven microsatellite‐based multiplexes for parentage analysis. These comprise a unique set 23 short tandem repeats (STR) distributed across 15 chromosomes. Extensive validation has been conducted 2217 Indian rhesus ( Macaca mulatta ) and 759 long‐tailed macaques M. fascicularis ), demonstrating that these STR markers are highly polymorphic segregate. Most exhibit information content (PIC) value above 0.5, illustrating they informative valuable providing us reliable determination. Beyond macaques, manifested also suitable addressing issues apes other Old World monkey species. Furthermore, this assay works on DNA isolated from both invasive non‐invasive derived material (e.g., hair follicles potentially feces). Thus, present here validated analysis support future colony management objectives various captive populations and, given applicability techniques, could be free‐ranging

Language: Английский

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Road Infrastructure and Primate Conservation: Introducing the Global Primate Roadkill Database

Animals, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 1692 - 1692

Published: May 19, 2023

As road infrastructure networks rapidly expand globally, especially in the tropics, previously continuous habitats are being fragmented, resulting more frequent wildlife-vehicle collisions (WVC). Primates widespread throughout many sub-/tropical countries, and as their they increasingly at risk of WVC. We created Global Primate Roadkill Database (GPRD), largest available standardized database primate roadkill incidents. obtained data from published papers, un-published citizen science databases, anecdotal reports, news social media posts. Here, we describe collection methods for GPRD present most up-to-date version full. For each incident, recorded species killed, exact location, year month was observed. At time publication, includes 2862 individual records 41 countries. primates range than twice absence these countries is not necessarily indicative a lack vehicular collisions. Given value addressing both local global research questions, encourage conservationists scientists to contribute so that, together, can better understand impact has on evaluate measures which may help mitigate risk-prone areas or species.

Language: Английский

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