Longitudinal Changes in Maladaptive Personality Domains and Clinical Outcomes: A Study Protocol

Published: April 7, 2025

Background: Maladaptive personality traits are transdiagnostic risk factors associated with functional impairment, lower treatment efficacy, and poor mental health outcomes. These traits, encompassing domains such as Negative Affectivity, Detachment, Antagonism, Disinhibition, Psychoticism, Anankastia, contribute to difficulties in emotional regulation, interpersonal relationships, occupational functioning. Despite growing evidence that can change over time, longitudinal research examining within-person fluctuations maladaptive during psychotherapy remains scarce. This study protocol outlines a project aimed at investigating the dynamic interplay between outcomes clinical sample undergoing Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. By both between-person differences multiple time points, this seeks clarify how relates symptom improvement psychosocial functioning, addressing critical gap literature. Methods: preregistered will recruit patients from inTHERAPY, an Italian service specializing A total of 200 participants be assessed across five points (baseline, 3, 6, 9, 12 months). Personality symptoms systematically evaluated throughout track individual trajectories change. Data analyzed using Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Models investigate reciprocal relationships outcomes, distinguishing Linear Growth Curve examine mean-level time. An exploratory analysis also conducted assess whether tend show greatest most elevated baseline. Discussion: Understanding temporal could provide valuable insights for personalized psychotherapy. Identifying which significantly Therapy - changes predict may inform development more targeted interventions. Furthermore, study’s findings enhance decision-making by identifying key influencing therapy trajectories, ultimately improving planning individuals impaired domains.

Language: Английский

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Predictors for improvement in personality functioning during outpatient psychotherapy: A machine learning approach within a psychodynamic psychotherapy sample

European Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 67(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Background Since its introduction in the diagnostic manuals DSM-5 and ICD-11, construct of personality functioning has gained increasing attention. However, it remains unclear which factors might predict improvement functioning. Methods We examined a sample 648 completed psychodynamic psychotherapies conducted by 172 therapists at Heidelberg Institute for Psychotherapy. A machine learning approach was used to filter variables that are relevant prediction from broad data set collected beginning each psychotherapy. Results On average, we found an 0.24 (SD = 0.48) OPD-SQ. This corresponds medium effect Patients with initially high impairment experienced particularly large improvements. Overall, number proved be predictive Limitations social activity due physical emotional problems one most important predictors improvement. Most sizes were small. Conclusions during psychotherapy is determined more sum small effects than individual variables. In particular, capture areas life robust predictors.

Language: Английский

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Broader Issues in Test Translation and Validation: A Commentary Inspired by Macina et al. (2023)

Journal of Personality Assessment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 106(6), P. 724 - 726

Published: July 10, 2024

Macina et al. (2023) recently reported mixed results on the German translation of Self and Interpersonal Functioning Scale (SIFS). By focusing suboptimal indices structural validity, they recommended choosing other available instruments over SIFS in future research personality impairment. Reflecting al.'s overall conclusions inspired us to consider broader issues field impairment assessment. In this commentary, we discuss some regarding test validity raised by article. We advise against assuming equivalence between original translated versions a caveats comparison different based validity. also call into question whether latter should be litmus for judging quality measure. Finally, how proliferation measures can benefit field. Notably, would allow moving toward "what works whom" approach that considers match psychometric property, desired use instrument, characteristics target population.

Language: Английский

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Examining the Structure of Personality Dysfunction Among Individuals Involved in Mental Health treatment: A Registered Report

Assessment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 14, 2024

Personality dysfunction is a core element of the diagnosis personality disorders in both main diagnostic systems ( Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Mental Disorders [5th ed.] ICD-11 [ International Classification Diseases, 11th Revision] Disorders). A recent study by Sleep et al. explored structure N = 517 undergraduates) with exploratory bass-ackward factor analyses at item level using items from six measures functioning. The present represents replication colleagues community sample individuals currently or seeking psychological/psychiatric treatment. Participants were recruited Prolific who completed 457). primary analysis identified three lower-order factors impairment (Negative Self-Regard, Disagreeableness, Intimacy Problems). These showed moderate to strong relations generated al.; however, there important differences overall suggesting lack formal replication.

Language: Английский

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Progress in understanding personality functioning in light of the DSM-5 and ICD-11

Asian Journal of Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 102, P. 104259 - 104259

Published: Sept. 30, 2024

Language: Английский

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