Climate warming and changes in Cyclotella sensu lato in the Laurentian Great Lakes

Limnology and Oceanography, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 62(2), P. 768 - 783

Published: Dec. 2, 2016

Abstract We present the first evidence of biological change in all pelagic Laurentian Great Lakes associated with recent climatic warming. hypothesized that measured changes lake temperature, and resulting physical to water columns, were affecting diatom communities Lakes. A paleolimnological analysis 10 sediment cores collected from deep locations throughout basin indicates a (30–50 yr) reorganization community one characterized by elevated abundances several species group Cyclotella sensu lato , coinciding rising atmospheric temperatures. These increases are probable mechanistic result new regimes such as changing stratification depths longer ice‐free periods, possibly quality shifts. Efforts understand mechanisms these ongoing, but this compositional primary producers could have important implications food webs.

Language: Английский

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Detecting climate‐related shifts in lakes: A review of the use of satellite Earth Observation

Limnology and Oceanography, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 69(4), P. 723 - 741

Published: March 11, 2024

Abstract Climate change exerts a profound impact on lakes, eliciting responses that range from gradual to abrupt transitions. When reaching critical tipping points, the established lake dynamics stand undergo substantial modifications, setting off chain reaction reverberates through entire ecosystem. This shift ripples into related ecosystem services and even influences well‐being of human communities. Despite importance shifts, we lack systematic overview their occurrence, mainly due data at global scale. We reviewed literature focusing climate‐related shifts assessed how satellite Earth Observation (EO) has contributed research topic, what can unlock this novel data. Our results show EO are used in only 9% studies although fraction increased since 2012. is most commonly assess surface extent, ice coverage, or phytoplankton phenology. These variables directly observable spatio‐temporal resolution satellites great advantage. But also be identified indirectly data, as example vertical mixing water, which described basis patterns. In all possible applications, expect increasing use future, including development early warning systems promise provide timely alerts regarding impending thus serving vanguard against alterations could ripple interconnected services.

Language: Английский

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Late Quaternary vegetation and lake system dynamics in north-eastern Siberia: Implications for seasonal climate variability

Quaternary Science Reviews, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 147, P. 406 - 421

Published: Sept. 3, 2015

Language: Английский

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Ice-cover is the principal driver of ecological change in High Arctic lakes and ponds

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. e0172989 - e0172989

Published: March 15, 2017

Recent climate change has been especially pronounced in the High Arctic, however, responses of aquatic biota, such as diatoms, can be modified by site-specific environmental characteristics. To assess if climate-mediated ice cover changes affect diatom response to climate, we used paleolimnological techniques examine shifts assemblages from ten Arctic lakes and ponds Ellesmere Island nearby Pim (Nunavut, Canada). The sites were divided a priori into four groups ("warm", "cool", "cold", "oasis") based on local elevation microclimatic differences that result differing lengths ice-free season, well about three decades personal observations. We characterized species shift Condition 1 (i.e. generally low diversity, predominantly epipelic epilithic assemblage) 2 typically more diverse ecologically complex assemblage with an increasing proportion epiphytic species). This was consistent pattern recorded across experienced warming. "warm" are amongst first lose their covers summer earliest highest magnitude changes. "cool" also exhibited 2, but, predicted, timing lagged sites. Meanwhile some "cold" sites, which until recently still retained raft summer, only this upper-most sediments. warmer "oasis" likely supported vegetation throughout records. Consequently, diatoms high-diversity, record. Our results support hypothesis length season is principal driver largely driven establishment new habitats, resulting increased diversity emergence novel growth forms species.

Language: Английский

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Abruptly and irreversibly changing Arctic freshwaters urgently require standardized monitoring

Journal of Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 57(7), P. 1192 - 1198

Published: April 23, 2020

Abstract Arctic regions support a wide variety of freshwater ecosystems. These naturally oligotrophic and cold‐water streams, rivers, ponds lakes are currently being impacted by diverse range anthropogenic pressures, such as accelerated climate change, permafrost thaw, land‐use eutrophication, brownification the replacement northern biota with expansion more southern species. Multiple stressors rapidly changing systems aquatic habitats becoming suitable for species originating from southerly thereby threatening adapted to cold waters. The livelihoods Indigenous Peoples north will be altered when ecosystem services associated changes in biodiversity affected. Unfortunately, monitoring change freshwaters is inadequate, making it difficult, if not impossible, predict services. Synthesis applications . We propose three‐step approach better address facilitate rapid ecological that ecosystems experiencing result change. First, we should increase our efforts across all countries setting up network sites devoting effort broad‐scale baseline survey using standardized methods. Second, enhance modelling include both socio‐economic development. models help pinpoint species, geographical areas likely show abrupt response any changes. Third, interaction among scientists, policymakers different stakeholder groups. In particular, must involved leadership, planning execution assessment activities freshwaters. proposed approach, which critical detecting effects circumpolar region, has broader global coordination biomonitoring. Through routine monitoring, standardization methods, enhanced integrated scientific increased collaboration within sectors, effective management impacts on possible globally.

Language: Английский

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Perspectives for an integrated understanding of tropical and temperate high-mountain lakes

Journal of Limnology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 75(s1)

Published: March 22, 2016

<p>High mountain lakes are extreme freshwater ecosystems and excellent sentinels of current global change. They likely among the most comparable across world. The largest contrast occurs between in temperate tropical areas. main difference arises from seasonal patterns heat exchange external loadings (carbon, phosphorus, metals). consequence is a water column structure based on temperature, lakes, oxygen, lakes. This essential implies that, one can expect more sustained productivity throughout year; higher nutrient internal loading mineralization organic matter; nitrification-denitrification potential related to oxyclines; metal mobilization due permanently reduced bottom layer. Quantifying linking these other biogeochemical pathways particular groups organisms agenda high-mountain limnology. intrinsic difficulties taxonomic study many inhabiting systems be now overcome with use molecular techniques. These techniques will not only provide much less ambiguous knowledge microscopic world, but also unveil new that difficult measure chemically solve biogeographical puzzles distribution some macroscopic organism, tracing relationship Daily variability vertical gradients tropics factors phytoplankton species turnover lakes; whereas seasonality driver communities. makes sense an integrated view ecosystem. A large part plankton biomass heterotrophic, mixotrophic prokaryotes compete for dissolved resources eukaryotic autotrophs. In fact, lake model applying investigation airshed sediments functional views. Additionally, districts as metacommunity units may reveal key differences limited (slow) dispersal. We propose limnological studies at high should adhere common general paradigm. which processes framed by airshed-to-sediment continuum concept district concept. solid understanding fundamental facilitate stronger contributions assessment impacts on-going change remote areas.</p>

Language: Английский

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Fifteen important questions in the spatial ecology of diatoms

Freshwater Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 64(11), P. 2071 - 2083

Published: Aug. 12, 2019

Abstract Recently, studies about the spatial distribution of microbial species and communities have increased substantially. Freshwater diatoms are used as one most popular model taxa in such macroecological studies, but exciting patterns ecology not been reviewed. Here, we identify 15 important questions freshwater diatom ecology, review major findings, suggest novel research avenues. We found that do support classical latitudinal diversity gradient, species–area relationship or Rapoport's rule. some, albeit inconsistent for an elevational Bergmann's rule niche conservation. Diatoms a positive interspecific abundance–occupancy like nearly all other taxa. With regards to metacommunity dynamics, typically structured by sorting, neutral dynamics mass effects also evident at large small scale, respectively. Taken together, this suggests follow some biogeographical similarly larger taxa, weaker than macro‐organisms. This may result because relatively strongly controlled local factors often exhibit efficient stochastic dispersal processes both scales. More is needed build more comprehensive view relationships gradients diversity, example. In future, well‐replicated field experiments, with intercontinental global coverage, trait‐based approaches, DNA ‐based identification would be fruitful avenues shed light into diatoms.

Language: Английский

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Nutrients and warming interact to force mountain lakes into unprecedented ecological states

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 287(1930), P. 20200304 - 20200304

Published: July 8, 2020

While deposition of reactive nitrogen (N) in the twentieth century has been strongly linked to changes diatom assemblages high-elevation lakes, pronounced and contemporaneous other algal groups suggest additional drivers. We explored origin magnitude two mountain lakes from end Little Ice Age at ca 1850, 2010, using lake sediments. found dramatic community abundance composition. diatoms remain most abundant photosynthetic organisms, concentrations pigments decreased while representing chlorophytes increased 200-300% since 1950 total biomass more than doubled. Some began 1900 but shifts sedimentary proxies accelerated commensurate with many human-caused Earth System. In addition N deposition, aeolian dust may have contributed phosphorus. Strong increases summer air surface water temperatures 1983 direct indirect consequences for ecosystems. Such warming could directly enhanced nutrient use primary production. Indirect include leaching nutrients geologic cryosphere sources, particularly as glaciers ablate. we infer causal mechanisms, producer communities appear be without historical precedent are post-1950 acceleration global change.

Language: Английский

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Declines in ice cover are accompanied by light limitation responses and community change in freshwater diatoms

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract The rediscovery of diatom blooms embedded within and beneath the Lake Erie ice cover (2007–2012) ignited interest in psychrophilic adaptations winter limnology. Subsequent studies determined vital role plays ecophysiology as diatoms partition to underside ice, thereby fixing their location photic zone. Yet, climate change has led widespread decline across Great Lakes, with presenting a nearly “ice-free” state several recent winters. It been hypothesized that resultant turbid, isothermal water column induces light limitation amongst thus serves competitive disadvantage. To investigate this hypothesis, we conducted physiochemical metatranscriptomic survey spanned spatial, temporal, climatic gradients (2019–2020). Our results suggest ice-free conditions decreased planktonic bloom magnitude altered community composition. Diatoms increased expression various photosynthetic genes iron transporters, which suggests are attempting increase quantity photosystems light-harvesting components (a well-defined indicator limitation). We identified two gene families serve fitness turbid column: proton-pumping rhodopsins potential second means light-driven energy acquisition) fasciclins “raft” together buoyancy co-locate surface optimize acquisition). With large-scale changes already underway, our observations provide insight into how respond dynamic today shed on they will fare climatically tomorrow.

Language: Английский

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Climate and permafrost effects on the chemistry and ecosystems of High Arctic Lakes

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Oct. 10, 2017

Permafrost exerts an important control over hydrological processes in Arctic landscapes and lakes. Recent warming summer precipitation has the potential to alter water availability quality this environment through thermal perturbation of near surface permafrost increased mobility previously frozen solutes freshwaters. We present a unique thirteen-year record (2003-16) physiochemical properties two High lakes show that concentration major ions, especially SO42-, rapidly up 500% since 2008. This hydrochemical change occurred synchronously both ionic ratio changes indicate source for SO42- is compositionally similar terrestrial sources arising from thaw. Record temperatures during period following 100 years polar desert provide likely mechanisms rapid chemical change. An abrupt limnological also reflected otolith chemistry improved relative condition resident char (Salvelinus alpinus) diatom diversity point positive ecosystem response same period.

Language: Английский

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