Toxicology Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Dec. 31, 2024
Abstract
Erythropoietin
(EPO)
is
known
for
its
role
in
hematopoiesis
and
also
exhibits
anti-inflammatory,
anti-apoptotic,
antioxidant,
cytoprotective
properties.
However,
clinical
application
limited
by
hematopoietic
side
effects.
ARA290,
a
non-hematopoietic
derivative
of
EPO,
selectively
activates
the
innate
repair
receptor
(IRR)
replicates
these
protective
effects
without
associated
complications.
Cadmium
(Cd),
prevalent
environmental
toxin,
causes
neurotoxic
damage
through
mechanisms
such
as
oxidative
stress,
genotoxicity,
apoptosis,
inflammation.
This
study
explored
ARA290’s
neuroprotective
against
cadmium-induced
toxicity
PC12
cells,
an
vitro
model
neuronal
health.
cells
pretreated
with
ARA290
showed
significantly
improved
cell
viability
MTT
assay,
indicating
reduced
cytotoxicity.
The
comet
assay
revealed
decreased
DNA
damage,
suggesting
genotoxicity.
alleviated
evidenced
levels
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
malondialdehyde
(MDA),
alongside
increased
glutathione
(GSH),
total
antioxidant
capacity
(TAC),
superoxide
dismutase
(SOD)
activities.
A
marker
TUNEL-positive
was
reduced.
Additionally,
inflammatory
markers
TNF
alpha,
IL1ß
IL
6.
These
findings
demonstrate
that
via
IRR
activation,
provides
robust
neuroprotection
toxicity,
multi-faceted
mechanism.
highlights
potential
therapeutic
managing
heavy
metal-induced
neurotoxicity
supports
further
research
into
long-term
applications
other
neurodegenerative
diseases
or
conditions
involving
toxins.
Highlights
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(20), P. 10887 - 10887
Published: Oct. 10, 2024
Since
even
low-level
environmental
exposure
to
cadmium
(Cd)
can
lead
numerous
unfavourable
health
outcomes,
including
damage
the
nervous
system,
it
is
important
recognize
risk
of
by
this
xenobiotic,
mechanisms
its
toxic
influence,
and
find
an
effective
protective
strategy.
This
study
aimed
evaluate,
in
a
female
Wistar
rat
model
current
human
Cd
(1
5
mg/kg
diet
for
3-24
months),
if
low-to-moderate
treatment
with
element
harm
brain
whether
supplementation
0.1%
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 28, 2024
Abstract
Hypoxia
and
tumor
cell
immunological
escape
greatly
hinder
the
hepatocellular
carcinoma
(HCC)
treatment
efficiency.
This
study
is
designed
to
investigate
capability
of
carvacrol
(CVR)
enhance
sorafenib
(SOR)
anti-cancer
efficacy
modulate
anti-HCC
immunity.
CVR
target
biological
activities
were
predicted
using
Swiss
Target
Prediction
website
PASS
web
server.
UALCAN
LinkedOmics
databases
used
examine
hypoxia-inducible
factor
1-alpha
(HIF-1α)
expression
relationship
between
studied
genes
clinical
features.
Kaplan–Meier
plotter
(KM
plotter)
TISIDB
illustrate
correlation
HIF-1α
with
HCC
prognosis
immune
infiltration.
The
binding
affinities
p300,
KAT2B,
CREBBP,
Hsp90
demonstrated
by
molecular
docking.
In
vivo
analysis
was
performed
in
male
Sprague–Dawley
rats.
STAT3,
JAK2,
fibrinogen-like
protein
1
(FGL1)
expressions
assessed
qRT-PCR.
FGL1
determined
ELISA.
CD8
+
T
number
counted
flow
cytometry.
immunohistochemistry.
showed
an
inhibitory
potential,
which
highly
expressed
tissues.
Also,
elevated
has
been
found
be
correlated
clinicopathological
characteristics,
poor
survival
patients,
CVR/SOR
enhanced
liver
functions
decreased
AFP
level.
hindered
progression
downregulating
FGL1.
induced
immunity
via
increasing
cells.
a
powerful
combination
for
repression
enhancing
SOR
efficiency
modulating
Moreover,
might
exert
aforementioned
effects
through
HIF-1α/STAT3/FGL1
pathway.
Drug and Chemical Toxicology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 10
Published: Nov. 13, 2024
Maternal
exposure
to
zearalenone
(ZEA),
a
mycotoxin,
can
impact
fetal
liver
development.
This
study
investigated
the
protective
effects
of
carvacrol
(CRV)
against
ZEA-induced
damage.
Thirty-two
pregnant
rats
were
allocated
four
groups
(eight
rats/group);
control,
CRV
(75
mg/kg),
ZEA
(5
and
co-treated
group
(ZEA
+
CRV).
The
animals
given
their
doses
during
gestation
period.
revealed
significant
increase
in
malondialdehyde
(MDA)
level
liver.
In
contrast,
glutathione
S-transferase
(GST),
superoxide
dismutase
(SOD),
catalase
(CAT)
activities,
besides
(GSH)
levels,
decreased
ZEA-intoxicated
rats.
Additionally,
increased
expression
pro-apoptotic
genes
(P53,
Bax,
caspase-9),
elevated
immunoreactivity
caspase-3,
anti-apoptotic
Bcl-2,
induced
severe
fatty
degeneration,
congestion,
necrosis
comet
assays
DNA
damage,
as
evidenced
by
reduced
head
content
tail
moment
ZEA-exposed
Surprisingly,
co-treatment
with
significantly
mitigated
hepatic
lipid
peroxidation,
antioxidant
disturbance,
apoptosis,
damage
after
maternal
ZEA.
These
findings
highlight
potential
promising
approach
mitigate
ZEA-associated
developmental
hepatotoxicity.
Molecules,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
30(1), P. 104 - 104
Published: Dec. 30, 2024
Neurodegenerative
diseases
were
mostly
perceived
as
of
ageing
populations,
but
now-a-days,
these
pose
a
threat
to
populations
all
age
groups
despite
significant
improvements
in
quality
life.
Almost
essential
oils
(EOs)
have
been
reported
some
neuroprotective
abilities
and
used
supplements
for
good
mental
health
over
the
centuries.
This
review
highlights
therapeutic
potential
one
such
monoterpene
phenolic
EO,
carvacrol
(CV),
that
has
be
main
intervention
neurodegenerative
disorders.
Three
libraries,
Google
Scholar,
PubMed,
ScienceDirect,
explored
research
studies
related
roles
CV.
All
articles
from
libraries
sorted
out,
with
first
article
tracing
back
2009,
latest
was
published
2024.
The
positive
effects
CV
treatment
Alzheimer’s
Parkinson’s
Diseases,
multiple
sclerosis,
ischemia,
behavioural
disorders
supported
evidence.
not
only
focused
on
study
designs
pharmacological
pathways
taken
by
neuroprotection
also
demographics,
illustrating
trend
certain
countries
preferences
use
vitro
or
vivo
models
studies.
Our
provides
useful
evidence
about
CV;
however,
lack
observed
regarding
encapsulation
proper
dosage
forms,
particular
nanoparticles,
which
could
further
delivery
central
nervous
system.
Toxicology Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Dec. 31, 2024
Abstract
Erythropoietin
(EPO)
is
known
for
its
role
in
hematopoiesis
and
also
exhibits
anti-inflammatory,
anti-apoptotic,
antioxidant,
cytoprotective
properties.
However,
clinical
application
limited
by
hematopoietic
side
effects.
ARA290,
a
non-hematopoietic
derivative
of
EPO,
selectively
activates
the
innate
repair
receptor
(IRR)
replicates
these
protective
effects
without
associated
complications.
Cadmium
(Cd),
prevalent
environmental
toxin,
causes
neurotoxic
damage
through
mechanisms
such
as
oxidative
stress,
genotoxicity,
apoptosis,
inflammation.
This
study
explored
ARA290’s
neuroprotective
against
cadmium-induced
toxicity
PC12
cells,
an
vitro
model
neuronal
health.
cells
pretreated
with
ARA290
showed
significantly
improved
cell
viability
MTT
assay,
indicating
reduced
cytotoxicity.
The
comet
assay
revealed
decreased
DNA
damage,
suggesting
genotoxicity.
alleviated
evidenced
levels
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
malondialdehyde
(MDA),
alongside
increased
glutathione
(GSH),
total
antioxidant
capacity
(TAC),
superoxide
dismutase
(SOD)
activities.
A
marker
TUNEL-positive
was
reduced.
Additionally,
inflammatory
markers
TNF
alpha,
IL1ß
IL
6.
These
findings
demonstrate
that
via
IRR
activation,
provides
robust
neuroprotection
toxicity,
multi-faceted
mechanism.
highlights
potential
therapeutic
managing
heavy
metal-induced
neurotoxicity
supports
further
research
into
long-term
applications
other
neurodegenerative
diseases
or
conditions
involving
toxins.
Highlights
