Intergenerational continuity of protective parenting practices in Dhaka, Bangladesh

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(2), P. e0300160 - e0300160

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Intergenerational transmission of parenting practices is a new dimension research in Bangladesh. This study used social cognitive theory framework along with urbanization and modernization to examine the continuity protective across two generations. A cross-sectional hermeneutic phenomenological design was followed from constructivist paradigm. Eleven maternal grandmothers (G1) 11 mothers (G2) were purposively selected Mirpur, Dhaka, Data collected through semi-structured, in-depth interviews. The learned grandmother generation direct instruction, experience, observation, modeling within an interaction various elements. Protective found be essential persisted some modifications despite modernization. Based on findings, process model intergenerational has been offered, which depicts learning transitional context.

Language: Английский

---

ARBOALVO: A Bayesian spatiotemporial learning and predictive model for dengue caises in the endemic Northeast city of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

PLoS neglected tropical diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19(4), P. e0012984 - e0012984

Published: April 29, 2025

Background Urban arbovirus transmission is spatially and temporally heterogeneous. Estimating the risk of dengue through statistical models that consider simultaneous variability in space time provides more realistic estimates dynamics, facilitating identification priority areas for intervention focused on surveillance control. These also enable predictions to support timely interventions arboviruses like dengue, chikungunya, Zika. Methodology/principal findings We analyzed case reports by epidemiological week neighborhood Natal, RN from 2015 2018. Temporal conditional autoregressive were fitted using Integrated Nested Laplace approximation method. The predictors included a set entomological, climatic sociosanitary indicators with temporal lags, along structures spatial dependence. Additionally, we used an offset term represent expected number cases per at each week, under hypothesis homogeneity occurrence across municipality. forecasted counts subsequent four weeks, addressing both zero occurrences fluctuations during non-zero periods. Weekly dynamics visualized predictive maps, enabling neighborhoods high persistent risk, is, consistently exhibiting remained concentrated same location several weeks. optimal model revealed significant rise probability observation associated increased previous Aedes egg positivity index prior mean daytime temperature 6–8 weeks earlier. Dengue rose one-standard-deviation increase density impoverished population occupied area preceding 3–5 Conclusions/significance proposed Bayesian space-time analysis can contribute operational control aegypti identifying forecasting next It quantifies effects sociosanitary, demographic likelihood intensity outbreaks.

Language: Английский

---

Quality of routine health and nutrition data in Ethiopia: A systematic review

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. e0316498 - e0316498

Published: March 3, 2025

High-quality data are vital for informed decision-making, enhancing population health, and achieving comprehensive insights. However, there is limited understanding of the consistency reliability routine Health Management Information System (HMIS) including nutrition across diverse regions in Ethiopia. This study systematically reviewed existing literature to address these knowledge gaps. We searched PubMed, HINARI, Google Scholar studies published from 2015 onwards assess HMIS, quality The evaluations focused on completeness, consistency, timeliness metrics defined by WHO. included regional without indicator restrictions, prioritized as primary outcomes, explored qualitative reasons poor secondary outcomes. Of 1790 papers screened, 25 met inclusion criteria. completeness reporting varied widely among (50%-100%), with only 21% (4 out 19) exceeding 90%. ranged 38.9% 90.5%, 6% internal above Other issues lack external discrepancies, outliers. Timeliness 41.9% 93.7%, 54% below 80%. In addition addressing data, was no better than other components HMIS. major factors contributing were human resource shortages, insufficient capacity building, behavioural influences, infrastructural deficits. HMIS Ethiopia, exhibited deficiencies timeliness, which largely, attributed constraints. Interventions should prioritize allocation, staff training, supervision, feedback mechanisms enhance quality, thereby improving decision-making processes health

Language: Английский

---

Cold spray as a powder metallurgy process for production of nickel aluminium bronze

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. e0319333 - e0319333

Published: March 4, 2025

Nickel aluminium bronze (NAB) alloys are known for their excellent strength and corrosion resistance, making them suitable maritime industrial applications. NAB is producible by Powder Metallurgy (PM) but typically requires high compaction pressure. The objective of this study to investigate the manufacturing using cold spray additive (AM) process compare its properties those produced traditional methods such as casting PM. Cold a solid-state coating technique that accelerates powdered metal carrier gas supersonic speeds, enabling bonding through plastic deformation. Binary (AB) were powders spraying into 3D printed parts, heat treating resulting parts. AB alloy contained blended 9.9% (Al6061) powder copper powder, while included 11% Al6061 5.8% nickel 6.8% iron powder. Powders mixed under controlled conditions deposited LightSPEE3D printer compressed air. Post-deposition treatments, homogenisation, aging, and/or hot isostatic pressing (HIP), applied enhance material properties. results indicate process, combined with appropriate can produce desirable microstructures containing fine κ phases mechanical above 280 MPa yield strength, 500 tensile 20% elongation which comparable achieved cast 240 MPa, 580 15% elongation, superior PM methods. This demonstrates viability AM production complex high-strength alloys, offering significant advancements

Language: Английский

---

The role of nuclear factor-Y (NF-Y) transcription factor in plant growth and development

Functional Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 52(4)

Published: March 26, 2025

The nuclear factor-Y (NF-Y) transcription factor, also known as heme-activator protein (HAP) or CCAAT-binding factor (CBF), is a critical widely present in eukaryotes. number of NF-Y subunits has significantly increased higher plants compared to animals and fungi. complex composed three subunits: (1) NF-YA; (2) NF-YB; (3) NF-YC. NF-YB NF-YC contain histone fold domains (HFDs), which can interact with NF-YA other factors, directly bind the promoter CCAAT box regulate downstream genes. plays significant role various plant processes, including growth development. This review elucidates structural functional aspects subunits, identified complexes, their molecular regulatory mechanisms. Understanding these facets provides valuable insights into advancing crop genetic improvement promoting sustainable agricultural practices.

Language: Английский

---

The challenges of transgender and nonbinary graduate students in chemistry: A qualitative study on trans identity, science culture, and institutional support using reflexive thematic analysis

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(4), P. e0320493 - e0320493

Published: April 4, 2025

Transgender, nonbinary, two spirit, and gender-expansive students (herein trans ) are marginalized in higher education have significantly different college experiences than their cisgender peers. Using in-depth interviews modeled after Sista Circles methodology applying reflexive thematic analysis, this qualitative research illuminates the nuanced of navigating chemistry PhD programs ( N = 10). The participants’ counterstories revealed tensions between identities as people chemists, where STEM professional culture encouraged participants to cover separate transness from graduate education. data demonstrated that these navigated a complicated process when choosing program deciding whether share institutions. Participants also encountered cisnormative institutional structures, including applications information technology systems, which enforced usage legal name gender marker academy. These results highlight disparities rhetoric regarding LGBTQ+ inclusion tangible support for students. From grappling with absence supportive policies advocating change, confronted systemic barriers impeded academic personal growth. This study underscores imperative transparent proactive structures within departments foster an environment individuals can thrive.

Language: Английский

---