Current Pediatrics Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 138 - 146
Published: Aug. 20, 2024
Language: Английский
Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 207, P. 107312 - 107312
Published: July 18, 2024
Addiction is a chronic relapsing disease with high morbidity and mortality. Treatments for addiction include pharmacological psychosocial interventions; however, currently available medications are limited in number efficacy. The glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) system emerging as potential novel pharmacotherapeutic target alcohol other substance use disorders (ASUDs). In this review, we summarize discuss the wealth of evidence from testing GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist preclinical models humans ASUDs, possible mechanisms underlying impact GLP-1R agonists on alcohol/substance use, gaps knowledge, future directions. Most research has been conducted relation to use; psychostimulants, opioids, nicotine have also investigated. Preclinical suggests that reduce related outcomes. main proposed reward processing, stress, cognitive function, well broader satiety, changes gastric motility, glucose homeostasis. More in-depth mechanistic studies warranted. Clinical their findings less conclusive; most support safety efficacy ASUD treatment. Identifying preferred compounds, subgroups who responsive some key questions translate promising data into clinical settings. Several trials underway test people ASUDs.
Language: Английский
Citations
13
Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 166(4)
Published: Feb. 21, 2025
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is abundant in the circulation, and it well-known to regulate glucose homeostasis, feeding, body weight. GLP-1 receptor agonists are therefore approved for treating type 2 diabetes obesity. However, more recent research has demonstrated that acts within brain modulate reward responses, thereby highlighting as a potential target addiction. Specifically, preclinical studies decrease alcohol intake, reduce motivation consume alcohol, prevent relapse drinking by potentially lowering alcohol-induced reward. These results have been confirmed extended human which intake patients with use disorder (AUD) who regular weight or comorbidity of obesity diabetes. On similar note, genetic variations genes encoding associated AUD heavy drinking. The central mechanisms regulates alcohol-related behaviors not fully defined, but may involve areas well regions projecting these areas, such nucleus tractus solitarius brainstem. Together, existing clinical data suggest involved process implies its role tentative treatment AUD.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Cellular Signalling, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 122, P. 111311 - 111311
Published: July 24, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
8
Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Sept. 18, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
6
Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Jan. 2, 2025
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a chronic relapsing condition that poses global health challenges. In 2019, alcohol accounted for approximately 2.6 million deaths worldwide, representing 4.7% of all deaths.1 Addiction pathogenesis involves neurobiological and psychosocial factors altering the brain's reward system within mesolimbic dopamine pathway. increases release, reinforcing substance-seeking behaviour transitioning from voluntary to compulsive with impaired executive function.2 Treatments AUD include behavioural, motivational, pharmacological interventions. Medications approved disulfiram, naltrexone, acamprosate. However, relapse rate 70% first year treatment.3 preclinical animal studies, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), such as liraglutide semaglutide, reduced intake attenuated alcohol-induced behaviours.4 These agents modulate circuitry by decreasing release in response thereby reducing motivation consume alcohol. They also affect stress regulation cognitive functions which are critical influencing propensity.5 We aimed evaluate changes when patients were treated obesity GLP-1 RAs real-world setting. As part routine clinical care, data collected prospectively over 15 months January 2023 March 2024. Electronic records manual validation used extract demographics, weight body mass index (BMI), therapy (type, dose, frequency, duration), self-reported at baseline follow-up visits 3–6 after initiation. included 262 adult BMI ≥27 kg/m2 who initiated on or semaglutide. Patients excluded if insufficient obtained. was categorized into non-drinkers, rare drinkers, regular drinkers. The number weekly units recorded those able quantify their intake. primary outcome change follow-up. secondary weight. Continuous variables expressed mean ± standard error (SEM); categorical presented counts percentages. Mann–Whitney U test assessed due non-normal distribution. A p-value <0.05 considered statistically significant. Correlation analyses evaluated relationship between loss using Pearson correlation coefficients. study St Vincent's Healthcare Group (reference 2024/4161); provided information voluntarily care. Of (79% female, age 46 years) RAs, 31 (11.8%) non-drinkers before intervention, 52 (19.8%) consumed rarely, 179 (68.3%) regularly. drank regularly intervention (n = 179), 143 (54.6%) had quantifiable recorded, while 36 (13.7%) non-quantifiable recorded. After initiating RA patients, 188 (71.8%) least two during study, interval second visit 112 days. Seventy-four (28.2%) lost (Figure 1). Post-intervention, (quantifiable non-quantifiable) documented 117 (44.7%). Thirty-one intake, 86 (32.8%) No patient reported an increase pre-intervention SEM 11.8 1.0 units/week (female: n 67, 10.3 1.0; male: 19, 13.4 2.5) post-intervention 4.3 0.5 3.9 0.4; 5.8 1.4), (p < 0.001). For consuming ≥11 (high consumers), decreased 23.2 1.8 21, 20 1.8; 9, 22.1 3.1) 7.8 0.9 7.0 0.8; 9.7 2.3). <11 (low 5.5 0.3 46, 5.9 0.5; male 10, 1) 2.5 0.4, 2.4 0.6) 2). tests confirmed reduction both high consumers (U 78, Z 6.7, p 0.001) low 1118, 5.76, difference males females not significant percentage 545, 0.9, 0.35) 526.5, −1.13, 0.25). At visit, calculated 181 participants (69.1%), 148, 92.6 1.2 kg, 33, 114.4 3.3 kg) 7.7 kg 7.5 kg; 8.8 0.7 4 months. 2247, 0.7, 0.47) overall weak positive observed (r 0.24, 72; 16, r −0.16; female: 56, 0.29). There 51 these there 7.6 0.6 (7.4 females, 9.4 1.7 males). Our results demonstrate (mean decrease 7.1 units/week) among loss. align existing evidence may influence use. receptors brain associated addiction. Activation has been linked signalling circuits.6, 7 Clinical trials have indicated experience cravings intake.8 mechanisms involve modulation neurochemical pathways satiety. 68%. This compared 61% nalmefene—a medication European Medicines Agency consumption. our cohort consistent other involving RAs. suggests partly contribute loss, given alcohol's caloric content.9 underscores multifaceted benefits managing metabolic health.10, 11 findings important implications. ability reduce potential therapeutic role co-occurring AUD. begun explore this avenue, preliminary indicating humans.4 dual efficacy could lead integrated treatment strategies address addictive disorders, improving outcomes.12 several limitations must be acknowledged. total relatively small limits importance results. reliance introduced recall bias underreporting. Nearly one-third introduce selection limit generalizability. absence control group observational nature restrict establish causality reductions short duration prevents assessment long-term effects. Furthermore, confounding effect physician counselling regarding decisions made about lifestyle. Despite limitations, prospective collection setting enhances relevance findings. Observer minimized because care without preconceived biases. suggest Future randomized controlled larger more diverse populations necessary validate results, underlying mechanisms, assess outcomes strategies. Open access funding IReL. authors report no received work. F.A. reports competing interests. M.O'.F provides Medication Weight Loss Clinic owner clinic. served advisory boards Novo Nordisk Johnson & Johnson, positions unremunerated. C.l.R grants EU Innovative Medicine Initiative, Irish Research Council, Science Foundation Ireland, Anabio, Health Board. He serves speakers panels Nordisk, Roche, Herbalife, GI Dynamics, Eli Lilly, Gila, Life Health, Boehringer Ingelheim, Currax, Zealand Pharma, Keyron, AstraZeneca, Arrowhead Amgen, Rhythm Pharma. Chair Society Nutrition Metabolism. My Best clinic Beyond shareholder. peer review history article available https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway/wos/peer-review/10.1111/dom.16152. Data request privacy/ethical restrictions.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
European journal of medical research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(1)
Published: April 11, 2025
Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a common neurological complication after surgery/anesthesia in elderly patients that affect postoperative outcome and long-term quality of life, which increases the cost family social resources. The pathological mechanism PND complex not fully understood, methods prevention treatment are very limited, so it particularly important to analyze PND. Research indicates mitochondrial dysfunction pivotal initiation progression PND, although precise mechanisms remain elusive could involve disrupted mitophagy. We reviewed recent studies on link between mitophagy highlighting role key proteins abnormal discussing therapeutic strategies aimed at regulation. This provides insights into underlying potential targets.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Drugs, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: April 13, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Dec. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
3
Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12
Published: May 22, 2024
Objective This study explored the impact of a family intervention on relapse rate Chinese patients with alcohol dependence. Methods A total 151 male dependence who were discharged from Substance Dependence Department Wenzhou Seventh People’s Hospital January to December 2020 selected. They divided into control ( n = 73) and experimental 78) groups. Patients in both groups received routine cessation treatment. Moreover, group followed up by professional psychiatrist carry out individual intervention. The Family Function Rating Scale (FAD), Self-made general information questionnaire, version Intimacy Adaptability (FACESI-CV) performed. Re-drinking readmission assessed. Results could reduce (31, 39.74%) rehospitalization (27, 34.62%) compared group. After training, FAD factor scores improved experiment comparison training communication (18.2 ± 3.7), role (20.8 2.5), emotional response (10.8 1.8), involvement (13.7 1.2), behavioral (19.8 overall functionality (23.5 2.1) intimacy (70.5 8.7) adaptability (64.1 6.9) was higher than intervention, Michigan Alcohol (MAST) (9.21 0.68) Short-Form 36 (SF-36) (80.32 4.47) Conclusion for families can improve their function, increase adaptability, relapse.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
International review of neurobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 401 - 432
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
0