Evaluation of the Glymphatic System in Rabbits Using Gadobutrol‐Enhanced MR Cisternography With T1 and T2 Mapping DOI
Oktay Algın, Kadir Çetinkaya, Çağdaş Oto

et al.

NMR in Biomedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(2)

Published: Dec. 25, 2024

ABSTRACT Purpose We aimed to characterize and further understand CSF circulation outflow of rabbits. To our knowledge, there is no research on contrast material–enhanced MR cisternography ( CE ‐MRC) with T1 T2 mapping in the rabbit model using a clinical 3‐T unit without stereotaxic frame. Materials Methods Twenty‐one rabbits were included study. The ‐MRC exams T1/T2 mappings categorized into approximate time points based an intention‐to‐scan approach: precontrast, less than 4 h after contrast, 24 120 gadobutrol. presence media head neck structures was scored 3‐point scale present , score: 2; absent 0; inconsistent 1). estimates directly derived by drawing regions interest corresponding maps. Results Gadobutrol accumulation detected near cribriform plate nasal areas early‐phase postcontrast images all animals. These material accumulations completely disappeared obtained ≥ h. lowest olfactory cerebral observed images. Significant correlations between enhancement bladder medial portion sclera inner ear structures, regions, turbinates, cavities, cranial subarachnoid spaces. septum bulb generally lower those measured frontal parietal lobes Discussion Our findings, which indicate absence clearly visible arachnoid granulations rabbits, support significance glymphatic system as highlighted recent literature. Glymphatic transport can be more effectively demonstrated anatomical physiological differences human rodent central nervous systems must considered when translating experimental results from humans.

Language: Английский

A distinctive subset of microglia positioned at the paraventricular zone are dedicated to cleaning the cerebrospinal fluid DOI Creative Commons

Guoyang Zhou,

Jian He,

Baojie Mao

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

ABSTRACT The interconnected ventricles in the central nervous system are filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) which serves multifaceted roles including bring away metabolic wastes. However, whether there is an inherent “dislodging” mechanism, addition to CSF drainage and reabsorption, at play for removal of microparticles unclear. In this study, we identified a subset microglia distributed close proximity ependymal wall ventricles. They differed from parenchymal morphology, behaviors transcriptomes. particular, paraventricular extended transependymal dendrites into lumen were proficient sequestering phagocytosing intraventricular exogenous particles when present. A specific led acute ventriculomegaly due increased colloid osmotic pressure resulting protein accumulation. Thus, as guardians monitoring cleaning CSF.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Charged Interfaces in the Brain: How Electrostatic Forces May Guide Cerebrospinal Fluid Dynamics DOI
Arturo Tozzi

European Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 61(9)

Published: May 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flows play a main role in maintaining brain homeostasis, supporting waste clearance, nutrient delivery, and interstitial solute exchange. Although current models emphasize mechanical drivers like cardiac pulsation, respiration, ciliary motion, these mechanisms alone fall short of explaining the nuanced spatiotemporal regulation CSF flow observed under physiological pathological conditions—even when accounting for glymphatic framework. We hypothesize that electrostatic forces arising from charged cellular interfaces may contribute to movement through electro‐osmotic mechanisms. begin by examining biological basis surface charge brain, highlighting presence glycoproteins, ion channels, dynamic membrane potentials on ependymal/glial cells interfacing directly with pathways. Next, we describe key principles confined geometries, emphasizing how nanoscale charges can modulate motion without input. Drawing nanofluidic research, biophysics, electrohydrodynamic theory, argue conditions required coupling, i.e., ionic fluid, narrow conduits, patterned charge, are present within microenvironments. To test plausibility, computational simulations demonstrating patterns induce structured flow/solute transport, including nonlinear transitions oscillatory behaviors resemble rhythms. These findings support idea electrostatics modulatory regulation, complementing drivers. By integrating different disciplines, propose testable, mechanistically grounded hypothesis reframing dynamics as electrohydrodynamically sensitive processes. Our approach could inspire novel diagnostics/therapeutic strategies hydrocephalus neurodegenerative disease inform design targeted drug delivery systems.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Mediation of White Matter Alterations in the Association Between Ventricular Dilation and Cognitive Decline in Hydrocephalus Patients: An MRI Study DOI
Yawen Xiao,

Yifei Gui,

Jiankun Dai

et al.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 20, 2024

Background Cognitive impairment is commonly observed in hydrocephalus patients. Ventricular enlargement compresses brain parenchyma, especially the white matter (WM). Purpose To investigate whether relationship between ventricular dilation and cognitive decline patients mediated by WM alterations. Study Type Retrospective. Population 51 communicating (median age, 54 years), 50 obstructive 49 53 control subjects years). Field Strength/Sequence Diffusion tensors imaging, 3D T1 BRAVO, FIESTA, CUBE T2, FLAIR sequences at 3T. Assessment DTI parameters (skeletonized fractional anisotropy (FA), skeletonized mean diffusivity (MD), peak width of p(PSMD)) were extracted using FSL software. Global, periventricular, deep hyperintensity (WMH) volumes, degree (Evans index), other conventional imaging markers (number lacunes perivascular spaces, intracranial volume) united intelligence. tests included Montreal assessment (MoCA), clock drawing test (CDT), vocabulary fluency (VFT). Statistical Tests Multivariable linear regression analysis, mediation analyses, dominance analysis. P ‐value <0.05 was considered significant. Results The dilation, parameters, function scores interrelated. FA values ( β = −0.0917, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.205, −0.024) normalized global WMH volume −0.0635, CI: −0.13, −0.0005) together 37.2% association Evans index MoCA. A comparable causal pathway found for periventricular WMHs but not WMHs. Dominance analysis indicated had a greater impact on cognition than volume. also CDT −0.0897, −0.165, −0.026) VFT −0.1589, −0.27, −0.083). Conclusion alterations mediators Evidence Level 3. Technical Efficacy Stage

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Effects of short‐term exposure to moderate amounts of alcohol on brain volume DOI Creative Commons
Sakiko Tsugawa, Fumihiko Ueno,

Mutsuki Sakuma

et al.

Neuropsychopharmacology Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 12, 2024

Abstract Aim Although numerous studies have reported that chronic alcohol consumption causes brain volume reduction and cerebrospinal fluid increase, few examined the acute effects of on structure. This study aims to investigate short‐term changes following administration. Methods Moderate doses were administered intravenously 18 healthy volunteers for a total 90 min achieve blood concentration 0.5 mg/mL. An clamp method combined with physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling was used fine control over concentration. T1 images 3T MRI scanned at three time points: baseline, 0 min, after end Cortical, subcortical, ventricular volumes computed segmentation FreeSurfer. Repeated measures analysis variance evaluate longitudinal in 96 regions. Results Acute administration increased bilateral lateral volumes, which lasted until injection. On other hand, gray matter, left precentral cortex, caudal middle frontal superior cortex decreased administration, but these disappeared Conclusion injection moderate may enlarge ventricle reduce matter volumes. The transient caused by be related CSF flow water content tissue, warrants further study.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Evaluation of the Glymphatic System in Rabbits Using Gadobutrol‐Enhanced MR Cisternography With T1 and T2 Mapping DOI
Oktay Algın, Kadir Çetinkaya, Çağdaş Oto

et al.

NMR in Biomedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(2)

Published: Dec. 25, 2024

ABSTRACT Purpose We aimed to characterize and further understand CSF circulation outflow of rabbits. To our knowledge, there is no research on contrast material–enhanced MR cisternography ( CE ‐MRC) with T1 T2 mapping in the rabbit model using a clinical 3‐T unit without stereotaxic frame. Materials Methods Twenty‐one rabbits were included study. The ‐MRC exams T1/T2 mappings categorized into approximate time points based an intention‐to‐scan approach: precontrast, less than 4 h after contrast, 24 120 gadobutrol. presence media head neck structures was scored 3‐point scale present , score: 2; absent 0; inconsistent 1). estimates directly derived by drawing regions interest corresponding maps. Results Gadobutrol accumulation detected near cribriform plate nasal areas early‐phase postcontrast images all animals. These material accumulations completely disappeared obtained ≥ h. lowest olfactory cerebral observed images. Significant correlations between enhancement bladder medial portion sclera inner ear structures, regions, turbinates, cavities, cranial subarachnoid spaces. septum bulb generally lower those measured frontal parietal lobes Discussion Our findings, which indicate absence clearly visible arachnoid granulations rabbits, support significance glymphatic system as highlighted recent literature. Glymphatic transport can be more effectively demonstrated anatomical physiological differences human rodent central nervous systems must considered when translating experimental results from humans.

Language: Английский

Citations

0