The use of seedling root and shoot traits to predict the saleable yield of elite red papaya genotypes DOI Creative Commons
Fawad Ali, Rebecca Ford

New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 17

Published: Oct. 9, 2024

Determining the saleable fruit yield of red hermaphrodite papaya (Carica L.) relies on waiting until tree maturity. Recombinant inbred lines (RIL) seedlings (F6-F7 RIL) were assessed for fresh root length, shoot weight, width, dry weight and during three growth stages after sowing (0-30 days sowing; DAS, 31–60 DAS 61–90 DAS). During period, significant intra-genotypic variation was observed each trait across RIL assessed. A strong genotypic correlation at stage II predicted among traits (P < 0.05; rg > 0.60), with a moderate to high broad-sense heritability (H2b.s; 0.30) genetic advances up 10% in compared parental genotypes. Growth most reliable predicting (R2 = 0.73) levels influence measured following order: length (40% 70%) (20% 50%) (10% 48%) width (13% 38%) (1% 42%). Hence, these F7 genotypes will be used develop new F1 hybrids increases yield.

Language: Английский

Root:shoot ratio of field crops under conventional and conservation tillage: A meta analysis DOI Creative Commons
Seyed Hamid Ahmadi, Sabine J. Seidel, Gina Lopez

et al.

Soil Use and Management, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 41(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Conventional tillage (CT) is a widely used agricultural practice aimed at loosening soil to enhance water infiltration and root growth. However, it can lead environmental issues such as increased erosion loss of nutrients carbon. To address these challenges, non‐conventional systems like no‐tillage minimum (collectively referred NT) have gained popularity in recent decades. This review examines the effects CT NT on root: shoot ratio (R:S) based 28 studies covering common crops across various climates managements. Most were primarily maize, wheat, rapeseed barley. Meta‐analysis showed non‐significant differences ( p = .27) among with respect their response R:S two practices. Rapeseed barley exhibited higher by 2% 15%, while maize wheat demonstrated 6%, respectively, although where not significant. In terms texture classes, grown sandy soils had under than NT, but no significant found .19). emerged textures, silty clay, loam clay showing highest < .05) cluster loam, lower R:S. Additionally, dicot displayed an 8% compared CT, this was statistically .24). Results indicated .22) between deep (>30 cm) shallow (<30 sampling depths. The findings indicate that more field experiments are needed fully understand impact methods genotypes, environments

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Breeding for high maize yields indirectly boosting root carbon in the US Corn Belt since the 1980s DOI
Cintia Sciarresi, August Thies, Christopher N. Topp

et al.

Field Crops Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 323, P. 109774 - 109774

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Biochar and Straw Amendments over a Decade Divergently Alter Soil Organic Carbon Accumulation Pathways DOI Creative Commons

Kunjia Lei,

Wenxia Dai,

Jing Wang

et al.

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 2176 - 2176

Published: Sept. 23, 2024

Exogenous organic carbon (C) inputs and their subsequent microbial mineral transformation affect the accumulation process of soil C (SOC) pool. Nevertheless, knowledge gaps exist on how different long-term forms crop straw incorporation (direct return or pyrolyzed to biochar) modifies SOC composition stabilization. This study investigated, in a 13-year field experiment, functional fractions protection by iron (Fe) oxide minerals soils amended with biochar. Under equal input, was enhanced both direct (by 43%) biochar 85%) compared non-amended conventional fertilization, but pathways. Biochar had greater efficiency increasing through stable exogenous inhibition respiration. Moreover, biochar-amended contained 5.0-fold SOCs particulate matter (POM) 1.2-fold more mineral-associated (MAOM) relative conventionally fertilized soils. Comparatively, although magnitude effect smaller, straw-derived OC preserved preferentially most MAOM. Straw increased nutrient content stimulated activity, resulting increases necromass POM MAOM 117% 43%, respectively) 72% 18%). promoted poorly crystalline (Feo) organically complexed (Fep) Fe oxides accumulation, were significantly positively correlated SOC. The results address decadal-scale effects application formation pool soil, understanding causal mechanisms can allow practices maximize content. These are great implications for better predicting accurately controlling response pools agroecosystems future changes disturbances maintaining regional balance.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Wind-driven mechanisms for allometric growth of Spartina alterniflora leaves: Implications for adaptive management DOI

Weidong Gu,

Zhiyao Yang,

Q. L. Yang

et al.

Ocean & Coastal Management, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 262, P. 107556 - 107556

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Optimising Root and Grain Yield Through Variety Selection in Winter Wheat Across a European Climate Gradient DOI Creative Commons
Henrike Heinemann,

Fabien Durand‐Maniclas,

Felix Seidel

et al.

European Journal of Soil Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 76(2)

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

ABSTRACT Ensuring food security through sustainable practices while reducing greenhouse gas emissions are key challenges in modern agriculture. Utilising genetic variability within a crop species to identify varieties with higher root biomass carbon (C) could help address these challenges. It is thus crucial quantify and understand intra‐specific above‐ belowground performance under varying environmental conditions. The study objectives were to: (a) depth distribution different winter wheat various pedoclimatic conditions, (b) investigate the influence of variety conditions on relationship between production, (c) assess whether optimised selection can lead both greater C yield, boosting accrual. Root biomass, 1 m soil root‐to‐shoot ratios assessed 10 grown at 11 experimental sites covering European climatic gradient from Spain Norway. Median down was 1.4 ± 0.7 Mg ha −1 . primary explanatory factor site, accounting for 60% variation diversity explained 9.5%. Precipitation had significantly negative effect total especially subsoil. Significant differences also observed grain yield. difference lowest one highest across average 0.9 which an increase 45%. Pedoclimatic than variety, determined relationship's direction A site‐specific approach is, therefore, needed realise full potential increased yield offered by selection.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Quantifying cover crop-derived above- and belowground carbon inputs including rhizodeposition DOI Creative Commons
Veronika Hansen, Tine Engedal,

Jakob Rasmusen

et al.

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 389, P. 109668 - 109668

Published: April 9, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Exploring the effects of soil structure, nutrients, and farm management on crop root biomass and depth distribution DOI Creative Commons
Tuomas Mattila, Laura Häkkinen

Field Crops Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 327, P. 109909 - 109909

Published: April 12, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Response of soil basal respiration rates, microbial attributes, and organic matter composition to land‐use change DOI
Ming Gao, Wei Hu, Meng Li

et al.

Soil Science Society of America Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 89(2)

Published: March 1, 2025

Abstract Land‐use change directly impacts soil basal respiration (Br), microbial attributes, and organic matter (SOM) composition. However, the role of attributes SOM composition in influencing Br under land‐use changes remains largely undetermined. We examined how interactions between physicochemical properties, chemical structure, regulate across three types, cropland, forest, grassland, Mollisol Arenosol Horqin Sandy Land. The results showed that Br, phospholipid fatty acid content, relative peak areas aliphatic aromatic compounds were significantly lower cropland than forest grassland. Additionally, exhibited poorer properties compared to ( p < 0.05). Soil (3.60–5.56 mgCO 2 ‐C kg −1 h ) was higher (0.86–2.60 , G + /G − ratios bacteria identified as main predictors Arenosol, respectively. structural equation model revealed are primary drivers it indirectly through Our findings instrumental understanding carbon turnover during changes.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Qualitative evaluation of nine agricultural methods for increasing soil carbon storage in Norway DOI Creative Commons
Alice Budai, Daniel P. Rasse, T. Cottis

et al.

European Journal of Soil Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 75(3)

Published: May 1, 2024

Abstract Carbon content is a key property of soils with importance for all ecosystem functions. Measures to increase soil carbon storage are suggested the aim compensate agricultural emissions. In Norway, where have relatively high because cold climate, adapting management practices that prevent loss atmosphere in response climate change also important. This work presents an overview potential sequestration Norway from wide range and provides recommendations based on certainty reported potential, availability technology, likelihood implementation by farmers. light priority assigned increased food production degree self‐sufficiency following measures were considered: (1) utilization organic resources, (2) use biochar, (3) crop diversification cover crops, (4) plants larger deeper root systems, (5) improved meadows, (6) adaptive grazing productive grasslands (7) managing extensive grasslands, (8) altered tillage practices, (9) inversion cultivated peat mineral soil. From options assessed, crops scored well criteria evaluated, higher than previously estimated (0.2 Mt CO 2 ‐equivalents annually). Biochar has largest (0.9 annually, corresponding 20% Norwegian emissions 2% total national emissions), but its readiness level not yet achieved despite interest industry apply this technology at large scale. Extensive deep‐rooted increasing storage, there uncertainty regarding their quantification effects these measures. Based complexities expected impacts within context, promising substantial payoff few. sheds knowledge gaps remaining before presented can be implemented.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Does late water deficit induce root growth or senescence in wheat? DOI Creative Commons
Kanwal Shazadi, Jack Christopher, Karine Chenu

et al.

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: June 7, 2024

In crops like wheat, terminal drought is one of the principal stress factors limiting productivity in rain-fed systems. However, little known about root development after heading, when water uptake can be critical to wheat crops. The impact water-stress on growth was investigated two cultivars, Scout and Mace, under well-watered post-anthesis three experiments. Plants were grown outside 1.5-m long pots at a density similar local recommended farming practice. Differences observed between genotypes, especially for conditions which developed maintained larger system than Mace. While both genotypes had shallow roots that appeared senesce moderate stimulated shallow-root but accelerated senescence For deep roots, post-heading biomass conditions, while stress, only net as Mace senesced. Water severe intensity affected similarly, with all depths. Senescence also above ground. Under retained leaf greenness (i.e. stay-green phenotype) slightly longer difference accentuated rapid if by stress. As an overall result, grain per plant (‘yield’) more Scout. findings from this study will assist improvement modelling systems crop models, relevant phenotyping methods selection cultivars better adaptation drought.

Language: Английский

Citations

3