14C-age of carbon used to grow fine roots reflects tree carbon status DOI Open Access
Boaz Hilman, Emily F. Solly, Frank Hagedorn

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

Summary “Bomb” 14 C ages in trees indicate the time elapsed between carbon fixation into nonstructural (NSC) and its use for metabolism growth. It remains unknown why newly grown aboveground tissues have a narrow range of young C-ages, while fine root can span decades. We measured two coniferous species along an alpine treeline ecotone used mixing model to estimate fraction NSC that is metabolically active. expected greater growth limitation higher would supply more freshly fixed respiration, active NSC, carbohydrates, roots, resulting younger C-ages grow tissues. Results confirmed increase fresh with elevation. Needle branch was supported by (< 2 yr) little elevation influence, older declined from 10 6 yr Massive allocation needles branches could explain their C-ages. Variable reflect tree status, when limits contribution new belowground, represent delivery roots.

Language: Английский

Drought Impact on Eco-Physiological Responses and Growth Performance of Healthy and Declining Pinus sylvestris L. Trees Growing in a Dry Area of Southern Poland DOI Open Access
Barbara Benisiewicz, Sławomira Pawełczyk, Francesco Niccoli

et al.

Forests, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 741 - 741

Published: April 24, 2024

In recent years, several drought events hit Poland, affecting its forests. Opole, tons of Pinus sylvestris L. deadwood is removed every year due to drought. Understanding the physiological mechanisms underlying tree vulnerability drought, and responses, important develop forest management strategies face ongoing climate change. This research provides comprehensive local-scale analyses sensitivity healthy declining trees We used dendrochronology stable isotope analysis compare five trees. The focused particularly on comparisons basal area increment (BAI), δ13C, intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE), as well resistance, resilience, recovery in response selected meteorological parameters. observed a significant reduction BAI values after 2000. Fifteen years later, was also visible iWUE these Despite similar δ13C chronology patterns, showed higher correlations with have shown that enables early detection poor health conditions. Differences chronologies occurring suggest both groups chosen different adaptive cope stress.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Prolonged water limitation shifts the soil microbiome from copiotrophic to oligotrophic lifestyles in Scots pine mesocosms DOI Creative Commons

Astrid C. H. Jaeger,

Martin Hartmann, Rafaela Feola Conz

et al.

Environmental Microbiology Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Nov. 22, 2023

Abstract Reductions in soil moisture due to prolonged episodes of drought can potentially affect whole forest ecosystems, including microorganisms and their functions. We investigated how the composition microbial communities is affected by water limitation. In a mesocosm experiment with Scots pine saplings natural maintained at different levels content over 2 years, we assessed shifts prokaryotic fungal related these changes plant development properties. Prolonged limitation induced progressive community composition. The dissimilarity between increased time regardless recurrent seasons, while were less Under low contents, desiccation‐tolerant groups outcompeted adapted, lifestyle taxa shifted from copiotrophic oligotrophic. While abundance saprotrophic ligninolytic alongside an accumulation dead material, symbiotic nutrient‐cycling decreased, likely impairing trees. Overall, appeared continuously alter structure communities, pointing potential loss critical functions provided microbiome.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Drought resistance and resilience of rhizosphere communities in forest soils from the cellular to ecosystem scale – insights from 13C pulse labeling DOI Creative Commons
Decai Gao,

Jörg Luster,

Alois Zürcher

et al.

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 242(3), P. 960 - 974

Published: Feb. 25, 2024

Summary The link between above‐ and belowground communities is a key uncertainty in drought rewetting effects on forest carbon (C) cycle. In young beech model ecosystems mature naturally dry pine exposed to 15‐yr‐long irrigation, we performed 13 C pulse labeling experiments, one during 2 wk after rewetting, tracing tree assimilates into rhizosphere communities. pulses applied crowns reached soil microbial of the forests 4 d later, respectively. Drought decreased transfer labeled relative irrigation treatment. label phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) indicated greater reduction assimilate incorporation by fungi (−85%) than gram‐positive (−43%) gram‐negative bacteria (−58%). was more strongly reduced for PLFAs (cell membrane) cytoplasm extracted chloroform. This suggests that fresh rhizodeposits are predominantly used osmoregulation or storage under drought, at expense new cell formation. Two weeks enrichment previously continuously moist soils. were systems forest. Belowground allocation highly resilient drought.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Drought-induced tree mortality in Scots pine mesocosms promotes changes in soil microbial communities and trophic groups DOI Creative Commons

Astrid C. H. Jaeger,

Martin Hartmann, Rafaela Feola Conz

et al.

Applied Soil Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 194, P. 105198 - 105198

Published: Nov. 21, 2023

Increased tree mortality related to water limitation is documented for various species at different sites globally. Nevertheless, our understanding of effects on soil microbial communities remains scarce. Therefore, we conducted a mesocosm experiment with young Scots pine saplings and natural forest differing drought legacies follow changes in during mortality. were completely deprived the until they died. Shifts assessed by metabarcoding parallel measurements vitality physicochemical properties. Drought history influenced rate which trees died, although high individual differences observed. Tree death was accompanied reduced stomatal conductance, discoloring needles, increased defoliation, shrinkage stem diameter. Soil NO3− concentrations after death, potentially through diminished plant uptake nitrification. Microbial abundance community composition affected legacy. Copiotrophic bacterial taxa decreased mortality, while oligotrophic increased, probably slowing down carbon turnover. Fungal saprotrophs decreased, symbiotrophs, such as ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi, abundance, facultative saprothrophy survival strategy initial phase dying. Overall, results indicate that drought-induced promotes prokaryotic fungal communities, affecting processes ecosystems.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
14C-age of carbon used to grow fine roots reflects tree carbon status DOI Open Access
Boaz Hilman, Emily F. Solly, Frank Hagedorn

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

Summary “Bomb” 14 C ages in trees indicate the time elapsed between carbon fixation into nonstructural (NSC) and its use for metabolism growth. It remains unknown why newly grown aboveground tissues have a narrow range of young C-ages, while fine root can span decades. We measured two coniferous species along an alpine treeline ecotone used mixing model to estimate fraction NSC that is metabolically active. expected greater growth limitation higher would supply more freshly fixed respiration, active NSC, carbohydrates, roots, resulting younger C-ages grow tissues. Results confirmed increase fresh with elevation. Needle branch was supported by (< 2 yr) little elevation influence, older declined from 10 6 yr Massive allocation needles branches could explain their C-ages. Variable reflect tree status, when limits contribution new belowground, represent delivery roots.

Language: Английский

Citations

0