Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Diversity Under Abiotic Stress

IGI Global eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 73 - 96

Published: March 14, 2025

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a key role in promoting plant growth and resilience to abiotic stresses like drought, salinity, heat. By forming symbiotic relationships with roots, AMF significantly enhance the uptake of nutrients, especially phosphorus, often limited stressed soils. This chapter explores how help plants by improving water absorption, maintaining osmotic balance, regulating ion homeostasis. It highlights diversity species their varying responses stress, influencing support. The also examines changes community structure under prolonged stress implications for productivity. Additionally, it delves into modify gene expression host plants, impacting osmolyte production stress-protective proteins heat shock proteins. strategic use offers sustainable agricultural solutions, reducing chemical inputs enhancing crop amid climate change.

Language: Английский

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Role of Rhizophagus intraradices in Mitigating Salt Stress of Sulla carnosa Through Modulating Plant Hormones (ABA, SA, and JA) and Nutrient Profile

Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 341 - 341

Published: March 26, 2025

Salt accumulation can degrade soil properties, decrease its productivity, and harm ecological functions. Introducing salt-tolerant plant species associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) act as an effective biological method for restoring salinized soils. AMF colonize roots improve their nutrient acquisition capacity. However, there is limited knowledge on how affects the production of signaling molecules, e.g., abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic (SA), jasmonic (JA), related to plant–microbe interactions under salinity. Here, we assess potential benefits Rhizophagus intraradices in enhancing growth uptake addition modulating stress hormone levels (ABA, SA, JA) facultative halophyte Sulla carnosa saline conditions. Plants were grown pots filled irrigated 200 mM NaCl 1 month. symbiosis substantially increased shoot dry weight (+107%), root (+67%), photosynthetic pigment content (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids), (C, N, P, K, Cu, Zn) while significantly limiting increase Na+ concentration H2O2 caused by salinity stress. Mycorrhizal enhanced SA 450% 32%, respectively, compared stressed non-inoculated plants, potentially contributing systemic resistance osmotic adjustment ABA content, especially R. intraradices-inoculated plants (113% higher than non-mycorrhizal plants). These findings confirm that mitigated adverse effects S. increasing reducing oxidative damage.

Language: Английский

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How do arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance drought resistance of Leymus chinensis?

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: April 10, 2025

Leymus chinensis is a vital, dominant grass species in Eurasian temperate grasslands, including the Inner Mongolian steppe. L. exhibits enhanced drought tolerance through symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The physiological mechanisms behind this resistance need to be unraveled. A pot experiment was conducted four inoculation treatments (inoculation Funneliformis mosseae, Claroideoglomus etunicatum, or both, and no inoculation) three (no (75.00% field capacity), mild (56.25% severe (37.50% capacity)) analyze how AMF enhance of chinensis. results showed that stress inhibited growth chinensis, depending on its intensity, whereas significantly improved alleviated effects stress. Regardless conditions, key biochemistry parameters, soluble sugar concentration antioxidant enzyme activities, ultimately promoting plant productivity. Structural equation models (SEMs) further increase biomass inoculated during primarily due reduced catalase activity increased cytokinin by concentration. However, under drought, associated caused peroxidase which vary severity drought. enhancing photosynthetic improve Under sugars activating expression genes, thereby improving resistance. Additionally, C. etunicatum maintains high ectomycelium requiring less carbon sources efficiently absorb residual soil moisture thus superiorly This study provides theoretical foundation for application fertilizer productivity arid grasslands.

Language: Английский

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Transformative strategies for saline soil restoration: Harnessing halotolerant microorganisms and advanced technologies

World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 41(5)

Published: April 28, 2025

Language: Английский

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