Association between the body mass index and risk of cardiovascular events in sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor users compared with dipeptidyl‐peptidase 4 inhibitor users: A nationwide cohort study in Korea

Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 28, 2025

Abstract Aims There is limited evidence regarding whether obesity modifies the association between use of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) and risk cardiovascular events. We assessed baseline body mass index (BMI) SGLT2i major adverse events (MACE) heart failure (HF) in patients with type diabetes (T2D). Materials Methods used nationwide claims data Korea (September 2014–December 2022) to construct an active‐comparator, new‐user cohort T2D stratified by Asian BMI categories: normal weight, 18.5–23 kg/m ; overweight, 23–25 obesity, ≥25 . New‐users were propensity score (PS)‐matched new‐users dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor (DPP4i) a 1:1 ratio. The co‐primary outcomes 4‐point MACE hospitalization for HF (HHF). Patients followed up using as‐treated exposure definition. PS‐matched hazard ratios (HR) 95% confidence intervals (CI) estimated Cox model. Results DPP4i ratio ( n = 231 332 pairs; 21 285 35 372 174 675 pairs). overall HR versus was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.86–0.95), no effect modification p homogeneity 0.27). HHF decreased (HR: 0.53, 0.44–0.64), as well 0.47, 0.37–0.58) overweight 0.49, 0.31–0.78) groups but not normal‐weight 0.88, 0.59–1.31) group, 0.01). Conclusions significant obesity. Baseline modifier HHF, more pronounced observed increasing noted weight.

Language: Английский

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Galectin-3 and Severity of Liver Fibrosis in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease

Protein and Peptide Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 31(4), P. 290 - 304

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract: Metabolic dysfunction-associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) is a chronic liver disease characterized by the accumulation of fat in and hepatic steatosis, which can progress to critical conditions, including Steatohepatitis (MASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma. Galectin-3, member galectin family proteins, has been involved cascades that are responsible for pathogenesis progression fibrosis MAFLD. This review summarizes present understanding role galectin-3 severity MAFLD its associated fibrosis. The article assesses underlying galectin-3-mediated fibrogenesis, triggering stellate cells, regulation extracellular degradation, modulation immune reactions responses. It also highlights assessments potential diagnostic therapeutic implications during Overall, this provides insights into multifaceted interaction between MAFLD, could lead development novel strategies diagnosis treatment prevalent disease.

Language: Английский

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Innovative Drugs First Implemented in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity and Their Effects on Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH)-Related Fibrosis and Cirrhosis

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 1042 - 1042

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), a progressive frequently associated with metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity, has the potential to progress symptomatically cirrhosis and, in some cases, hepatocellular carcinoma. Hence, an urgent need arises identify approve new therapeutic options improve patient outcomes. Research efforts have focused on either developing dedicated molecules or repurposing drugs already approved for other conditions, diseases. Among latter, antidiabetic anti-obesity agents received most extensive attention, pivotal trial results anticipated shortly. However, primary focus underlying successful regulatory approvals is demonstrating substantial efficacy improving fibrosis preventing ameliorating cirrhosis, key advanced outcomes within MASLD progression. Besides steatosis, ideal candidate should reduce inflammation effectively. Although shown promise lowering MASLD-related parameters, evidence of their impact remains limited. This review aims evaluate whether can be safely effectively used patients T2DM. Our paper discusses closest approval expectation that they address unmet needs this increasingly prevalent disease.

Language: Английский

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Bidirectional relationship between diabetes and frailty in middle-aged and older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 135, P. 105880 - 105880

Published: April 30, 2025

Language: Английский

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Association of CDKAL1 gene polymorphisms variations with gestational diabetes mellitus risk in women: A case-control study and meta-analysis

BMC Endocrine Disorders, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: May 8, 2025

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has seen a significant rise and become growing concern worldwide, especially in Asian populations. Genetic factors, such as variations the CDKAL1 gene, have been linked to its development. However, existing research on this connection is limited inconclusive, highlighting need for further investigation. This study aims explore association between gene polymorphisms GDM risk Chinese population using comprehensive case-control meta-analysis. The SNPscan™ genotyping assay was used genotype rs7754840 rs7756992, 502 control participants 500 patients. ANOVA, T-test, chi-square test, logistic regression, other statistical tests were determine differences genotypes alleles their associations of GDM. Additionally, meta-analysis studies performed provide broader context resolve inconsistencies literature. group had significantly older average mean age higher blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose levels than (P < 0.05). showed under codominant homozygous model (CC vs. GG: OR = 1.748; 95% CI: 1.178-2.593; P 0.006). After adjusting, these results indicated an increased (OR 1.715; 1.133-2.595; 0.011). analysis revealed no all genetic models rs7756992. found that individuals 30 with CC postprandial 0.05) compared those GG genotype. Figure 3 A demonstrated modest susceptibility 1.16, CI 1.104-1.29, 0.0258). Individuals polymorphism associated GDM, whereas rs7756992 did not show risk. These theoretical foundation testing mitigate complications by enhancing our ability predict, prevent manage Ultimately improving outcomes both mothers children. contributes evidence predisposition highlights importance potential marker assessment.

Language: Английский

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Retinol Binding Protein-4 and Galectin-3 Levels in Type II Diabetes: Their Impact on Retinopathy Risk

Current Eye Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 10

Published: May 7, 2025

Retinol binding protein-4, a lipocalin family member, and galectin-3, lectin link their potential role in modulating glucose metabolism inflammation. This study aims to explore retinol protein-4 galectin-3's as the disease progresses from prediabetes diabetic retinopathy ascertain whether these variables could serve risk or diagnostic indicators for retinopathy. includes 100 patients divided into three groups, (n = 39), type 2 diabetes mellitus 41), 21), based on inclusion exclusion criteria. Serum levels of galectin-3 were assessed by sandwich ELISA. Immunofluorescence analysis was employed localize retinal layers. The increase serum validated quantitative western blot analysis. HDOCK tool used identify protein-protein interactions between VEGF. higher compared (p < 0.0001). Further, confirmed significant twofold groups 0.0423). insignificantly when prediabetes. receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, area under values, also indicates that had acceptable performance (area curve: 0.7965 0.9007) comparison vs. retinopathy, respectively, 0.6961 0.7008). In IF localization more common photoreceptor region retina vessels, whereas distributed ganglion cell layer retina. strong VEGFA VEGFB isoforms observed during interaction study. reveals seems be marker which requires further investigation.

Language: Английский

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Biomarkers of heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: clinical comparisons and impact of hypoglycemic therapy

Zabajkalʹskij medicinskij vestnik, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 1, P. 154 - 170

Published: May 8, 2025

The main cause of increased mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is heart failure (HF). HF leads to an increase the number hospitalizations, a deterioration quality life and prognosis. As incidence DM2 constantly increasing, there interest optimal diagnostic prognostic algorithms using panel circulating biomarkers ensure timely diagnosis, improve disease treatment patient new growing rapidly, this review outlines most promising accessible associated fibrosis, key pathophysiological mechanism HF, describes their usefulness for risk stratification, screening DM2, as well existing limitations.

Language: Английский

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Fecal and Urinary Adipokines as Disease Biomarkers

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 1186 - 1186

Published: April 16, 2023

The use of biomarkers is great clinical value for the diagnosis and prognosis disease assessment treatment efficacy. In this context, adipokines secreted from adipose tissue are interest, as their elevated circulating levels associated with a range metabolic dysfunctions, inflammation, renal hepatic diseases cancers. addition to serum, can also be detected in urine feces, current experimental evidence on analysis fecal urinary adipokine points potential biomarkers. This includes increased adiponectin, lipocalin-2, leptin interleukin-6 (IL-6) an association chemerin well lipocalin-2 active inflammatory bowel diseases. Urinary IL-6 upregulated rheumatoid arthritis may become early marker kidney transplant rejection, while decompensated liver cirrhosis acute gastroenteritis. addition, galectin-3 stool emerge biomarker several With feces patients being cost-efficient non-invasive, identification utilization could advantage predicting outcomes. review article highlights data abundance selected underscoring serve diagnostic prognostic

Language: Английский

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Elevated galectin-3 levels detected in women with hyperglycemia during early and mid-pregnancy antagonizes high glucose − induced trophoblast cells apoptosis via galectin-3/foxc1 pathway

Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(1)

Published: Aug. 25, 2023

Abstract Objective This study was to evaluate plasma galectin-3 levels from early pregnancy delivery and explore the effects of on function trophoblast cells under high glucose exposure. Methods The were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in China National Birth Cohort (CNBC) at Peking University First Hospital, underlying signaling pathway identified protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), quantitative PCR (qPCR), western blotting, small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfections, flow cytometry. Results Significantly higher found patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM group; n = 77) during first second trimesters than that healthy pregnant women (HP 113) ( P < 0.05). No significant differences detected between GDM HP groups maternal third-trimester blood cord blood. PPI suggested potential interactions foxc1. findings GSEA showed involved cytochrome P450-related complement-related pathways, foxc1 associated type I mellitus. Additionally, (25 mM) significantly increased expression induced apoptosis HTR-8/SVneo cells. Further vitro experiments galectin-3/foxc1 could protect against − apoptosis. Conclusion Future studies required validate whether might become a biomarker for hyperglycemia pregnancy. Elevated be vital protective mechanism among those exposed Graphical

Language: Английский

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Thiamine pretreatment improves endotoxemia-related liver injury and cholestatic complications by regulating galactose metabolism and inhibiting macrophage activation

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 108, P. 108892 - 108892

Published: May 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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