L-Proline: A Versatile Organo-Catalyst in Organic Chemistry

Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 26(6), P. 1108 - 1140

Published: July 22, 2022

Background: L-proline is a natural amino acid having secondary amine functionality and acts as bifunctional catalyst (organo-catalyst). The amino-functional group Lewis base type while carboxylic acids act Brønsted catalysts. It catalyzed different asymmetric syntheses, including known reactions such Aldol condensation, Mannich reaction, Michael Addition, Knoevenagel Hantzsch synthesis, OXA-Michael Henry tandem, Ullmann reactions, Wieland-Miescher ketone Robinson annulation, Biginelli α- amination. also an essential for synthesizing heterocyclic skeletons coumarin, spiro-oxindoles, imidazoles, benzimidazoles, quinoxalines, podophyllotoxin, benzothiazoles, isoxazolidines, phenothiazines, aziridine, indole, 1,5-benzodiazepines, pyridine, quinazolines. Objective: In this review, we had the objective to critically summarize use of proline derivatives catalysts multicomponent performed in various media leading synthetically biologically relevant heterocycles, very important class compounds that constitutes over 60% drugs agrochemicals. Methods: All scholarly articles L-Proline were retrieved from ScienceDirect, Google Scholar , PubMed, etc. Results Conclusion: Given importance based it has been observed have tremendous applications organic chemistry. can 'Green catalyst'.

Language: Английский

The Emerging Role of Polyethylene Glycol-Water (PEG-H2O) as the Benign Mixed Solvent System in Organic Synthesis

Current Organic Synthesis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1), P. 36 - 62

Published: March 15, 2024

: Polyethylene glycol (PEG) has become a popular solvent and green catalyst for variety of chemical reactions. It is stable biodegradable polymeric used in organic synthesis because it may be recycled numerous times without significantly losing its catalytic activity. Recently, the use PEG-H2O mixed systems gained popularity. This article presents an overview system-mediated reactions, with main focus on importance system. The study also focuses recent developments number heterocyclic compounds Important characteristics these include high atom economies, gentle reaction conditions, faster rates, readily isolated side products yields. Results from various reactions showed that choice proper ratio PEG: H2O system plays key role product

Language: Английский

An efficient and environmental friendly synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-dione in aqueous hydrotropic medium

Journal of Chemical Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 136(4)

Published: Oct. 25, 2024

Language: Английский