Natural Product Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
This review highlights how discovering and analysing VOCs in extreme environments on Earth can help identify biosignatures unravel complex patterns metabolic data that could life other planetary bodies.
Language: Английский
Space Science Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 220(4)
Published: May 23, 2024
Abstract The goal of NASA’s Europa Clipper mission is to assess the habitability Jupiter’s moon Europa. After entering Jupiter orbit in 2030, flight system will collect science data while flying past 49 times at typical closest approach distances 25–100 km. mission’s objectives are investigate Europa’s interior (ice shell and ocean), composition, geology; also search for characterize any current activity including possible plumes. be accomplished with a payload consisting remote sensing in-situ instruments. Remote investigations cover ultraviolet, visible, near infrared, thermal infrared wavelength ranges electromagnetic spectrum, as well an ice-penetrating radar. In-situ measure magnetic field, dust grains, neutral gas, plasma surrounding Gravity achieved using telecommunication system, radiation monitoring engineering subsystem provide complementary data. designed enable all instruments operate gather simultaneously. Mission planning operations guided by scientific requirements observation strategies, appropriate updates plan made tactically characterized discoveries emerge. Following collection validation, archived Planetary Data System. Communication, sharing, publication policies promote visibility, collaboration, mutual interdependence across full team, best achieve interdisciplinary necessary understand
Language: Английский
Citations
31
Space Science Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 219(8)
Published: Nov. 29, 2023
Abstract The habitability of Europa is a property within system, which driven by multitude physical and chemical processes defined many interdependent parameters, so that its full characterization requires collaborative investigation. To explore as an integrated system to yield complete picture habitability, the Clipper mission has three primary science objectives: (1) characterize ice shell ocean including their heterogeneity, properties, nature surface–ice–ocean exchange; (2) Europa’s composition any non-ice materials on surface in atmosphere, carbon-containing compounds; (3) geology features localities high interest. will also address several cross-cutting topics search for current or recent activity form thermal anomalies plumes, performing geodetic radiation measurements, assessing high-resolution, co-located observations at select sites provide reconnaissance potential future landed mission. Synthesizing mission’s well incorporating remote Earth-based observatories, James Webb Space Telescope, other space-based resources, constrain complex task guided Habitability Assessment Board (HAB).
Language: Английский
Citations
39
Space Science Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 220(1)
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
Abstract Geological investigations planned for the Europa Clipper mission will examine formation, evolution, and expression of geomorphic structures found on surface. Understanding geologic features, their any recent activity are key inputs in constraining Europa’s potential habitability. In addition to providing information about moon’s habitability, study is compelling itself. Here we provide a high-level, cross-instrument, cross-discipline overview within mission. fascinating collection ice-focused geology provides an unparalleled opportunity investigate dynamics icy shells, ice-ocean exchange processes, global-scale tectonic tidal stresses. We present what currently known Europa, from global local scales, highlighting outstanding issues open questions, detailing how address them. describe mission’s strategy searching characterizing current form possible active plumes, thermal anomalies, evidence surface changes, extremely fresh exposures. The complementary synergistic nature data sets various instruments integration be significantly advancing our understanding geology.
Language: Английский
Citations
16
Space Science Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 220(5)
Published: June 19, 2024
Abstract Jupiter’s icy moon, Europa, harbors a subsurface liquid water ocean; the prospect of this ocean being habitable motivates further exploration moon with upcoming NASA Europa Clipper mission. Key among mission goals is comprehensive assessment moon’s composition, which essential for assessing Europa’s habitability. Through powerful remote sensing and in situ investigations, will explore composition surface subsurface, its tenuous atmosphere, local space environment surrounding moon. Clues on interior be gathered through these assessments, especially regions that may expose materials, including compelling geologic landforms or locations indicative recent current activity such as potential plumes. The planned reconnaissance world constrain models simulate ongoing external internal processes act to alter composition. This paper presents composition-themed mission, synergistic, composition-focused investigations conducted, how anticipated scientific return advance our understanding origin, evolution, state Europa.
Language: Английский
Citations
14
Space Science Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 220(7)
Published: Oct. 1, 2024
The Mapping Imaging Spectrometer for Europa (MISE) is an infrared compositional instrument that will fly on NASA's Clipper mission to the Jupiter system. MISE designed meet Level-1 science requirements related mission's composition objective "understand habitability of Europa's ocean through and chemistry" contribute geology ice shell objectives, thereby helping achieve its goal "explore investigate habitability." has a mass 65 kg uses energy per flyby 75.2 W-h. detect illumination from 0.8 5 μm with 10 nm spectral resolution, spatial sampling 25 m pixel at 100 km altitude, 300 cross-track pixels, enabling discrimination among two principal states water Europa, identification main non-ice components interest: salts, acids, organics, detection trace materials as well some thermal signatures. Furthermore, resolution global coverage be complemented by higher Earth-based assets. MISE, combined observations collected rest payload, enable significant advances in our understanding how large-scale structure surface shaped geological processes inform microscale. This paper describes planned investigations, design, concept operations, data products.
Language: Английский
Citations
12
Icarus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 412, P. 115999 - 115999
Published: Feb. 8, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
10
Space Science Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 221(1)
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
Citations
1
The Astrophysical Journal Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 980(1), P. L10 - L10
Published: Feb. 6, 2025
Abstract The Cassini spacecraft revealed life-forming elements like CHNOP and diverse organic compounds from Enceladus’s ocean. However, the availability of minor but bio-essential nutrients such as iron sulfur remains unknown. Here, we perform geochemical modeling to explore their chemistry in We find that dissolved predominantly occurs Fe( ii ) with a solubility ranging 10 −8 −5 mole (kg H 2 O) −1 (decreasing increasing pH). Dissolved sulfur, mainly present HS − , is predicted have concentration −6 −4 pH has only effect on S solubility. Our availabilities Fe are close measured concentrations inhabited terrestrial serpentinization fluids, implying sufficient support potential life. results also suggest reduction ferric or sulfate might supply enough energy for chemotrophic metabolisms based these reactions complement previously proposed methanogenesis. levels bioproductivity supported by overall lower than those sustained other nutrients, still orders magnitude higher maximum level estimated chemical energy.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Space Science Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 219(6)
Published: Sept. 1, 2023
Abstract Global-scale properties of Europa’s putative ocean, including its depth, thickness, and conductivity, can be established from measurements the magnetic field on multiple close flybys moon at different phases synodic orbital periods such as those planned for Europa Clipper mission. The Magnetometer (ECM) has been designed constructed to provide required high precision, temporally stable over range temperatures other environmental conditions that will encountered in solar wind Jupiter. Three low-noise, tri-axial fluxgate sensors provided by University California, Los Angeles are controlled an electronics unit developed NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Each sensor measures vector a wide dynamic (±4000 nT per axis) with resolution 8 pT. A rigorous cleanliness program adopted spacecraft payload. mounted far out 8.5 m boom form configuration makes it possible measure remaining remove contribution data outboard sensor. This paper provides details magnetometer design, implementation testing, ground calibrations cruise orbit Jupiter, methods used extract inductive response data. Data collected nominal rates 1 or 16 samples/s processed UCLA delivered Planetary System timely manner.
Language: Английский
Citations
17
Space Science Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 220(8)
Published: Nov. 19, 2024
Abstract NASA’s Europa Clipper mission is designed to provide a diversity of measurements further our understanding the potential habitability this intriguing ocean world. The mission’s Ultraviolet Spectrograph (Europa-UVS), built at Southwest Research Institute (SwRI), primarily “plume finder” and tenuous atmosphere investigation. science objectives Europa-UVS are to: 1) Search for characterize any current activity, notably plumes; 2) Characterize composition sources volatiles identify signatures non-ice materials, including organic compounds, in local space environment. observes photons 55–206 nm wavelength range moderate spectral spatial resolution along 7.5° slit composed 7.3°×0.1° 0.2°×0.2° contiguous sections. A variety observational techniques nadir pushbroom imaging, disk scans, stellar solar occultations, Jupiter transit observations, neutral cloud/plasma torus stares employed perform comprehensive study Europa’s atmosphere, plumes, surface, This paper describes investigation’s plans, instrument details, concept operations, data formats context primary assessment goals.
Language: Английский
Citations
4