Ibis, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 25, 2025

Hummingbirds play an important role as pollinators and are one of the primary examples animal–plant coevolution. However, factors such land‐use change, urbanization, exotic species introductions disappearance native plants can negatively affect persistence hummingbird populations. Thus, understanding ecological that may favour their presence is essential for effective conservation in urban areas. We conducted repeated surveys a scrubland reserve within Mexico City from 2015 to 2018, used conditional two‐species occupancy models estimate interaction factor, analyse effect five ( Agave salmiana , Echeveria gibbiflora Opuntia lasiacantha O. tomentosa Wigandia urens ) plant Leonotis nepetifolia on probability two hummingbirds: Broad‐billed Hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris Berylline Saucerottia beryllina ). Considering both could be competing similar resources, we also tested Hummingbird, assuming its dominance based larger body‐size. found evidence positive spatial interactions between hummingbirds, but did not find these consistent throughout 3 years monitoring, which indicate modification original hummingbird–plant networks resulting disturbance. In addition, there were no negative hummingbirds. Instead, detected aggregation during separate seasons, probably owing using other cue profitable sites. Even though populations thrive ecosystem, changes might reflect alterations structure functioning community. Therefore, consider it crucial continue studying population dynamics implications

Language: Английский