Avian influenza overview June–September 2023 DOI Creative Commons
Cornelia Adlhoch, Alice Fusaro,

José L Gonzales

et al.

EFSA Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(10)

Published: Oct. 1, 2023

Between 24 June and 1 September 2023, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5) outbreaks were reported in domestic (25) wild (482) birds across 21 countries Europe. Most of these appeared to be clustered along coastlines with only few HPAI virus detections inland. In poultry, all primary sporadic most them occurring the United Kingdom. birds, colony-breeding seabirds continued heavily affected, but an increasing number waterfowl is expected coming weeks. The current epidemic has already surpassed one previous epidemiological year terms total detections. As regards mammals, A(H5N1) was identified 26 fur animal farms Finland. Affected species included American mink, red Arctic fox, common raccoon dog. likely source introduction contact gulls. Wild mammals affected worldwide, mostly foxes different seal species. Since last report as 28 two clade 2.3.4.4b humans have been by Kingdom, three human infections A(H5N6) A(H9N2) from China, respectively. No infection related animals on Finland or cats Poland reported, remain a rare event. risk currently circulating H5 viruses Europe remains low for general population EU/EEA. moderate occupationally otherwise exposed people infected (wild domesticated); this assessment covers situations that depend level exposure.

Language: Английский

Avian influenza overview March – June 2022 DOI Creative Commons
Cornelia Adlhoch, Alice Fusaro,

José L Gonzales

et al.

EFSA Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(8)

Published: Aug. 1, 2022

The 2021-2022 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) epidemic season is the largest so far observed in Europe, with a total of 2,398 outbreaks poultry, 46 million birds culled affected establishments, 168 detections captive birds, and 2,733 HPAI events wild 36 European countries. Between 16 March 10 June 2022, 1,182 virus were reported 28 EU/EEA countries United Kingdom poultry (750), (410) (22). During this reporting period, 86% secondary due to between-farm spread virus. France accounted for 68% overall outbreaks, Hungary 24% all other less than 2% each. Most by Germany (158), followed Netherlands (98) (48). persistence (H5) since 2020-2021 wave indicates that it may have become endemic bird populations implying health risk from A(H5) humans, wildlife Europe remains present year-round, highest autumn winter months. Response options new epidemiological situation include definition rapid implementation suitable sustainable mitigation strategies such as appropriate biosecurity measures surveillance early detection different production systems. Medium long-term reducing density high-risk areas should also be considered. results genetic analysis indicate viruses currently circulating belong clade 2.3.4.4b. detected mammal species Canada, USA Japan, showed markers adaptation replication mammals. Since last report, four A(H5N6), two A(H9N2) A(H3N8) human infections China one A(H5N1) USA. infection assessed low general population EU/EEA, medium occupationally exposed people.

Language: Английский

Citations

67
Avian influenza overview September – December 2021 DOI Creative Commons
Cornelia Adlhoch, Alice Fusaro,

José L Gonzales

et al.

EFSA Journal, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 19(12)

Published: Dec. 1, 2021

Between 16 September and 8 December 2021, 867 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus detections were reported in 27 EU/EEA countries the UK poultry (316), wild (523) captive birds (28). The mainly by Italy (167) followed Hungary Poland (35 each). Tha majority of Germany (280), Netherlands (65) United Kingdom (53). observed persistence continuous circulation HPAI viruses migratory resident will continue to pose a risk for industry Europe coming months. frequent occurrence A(H5) incursions commercial farms (including production types considered at low risk) raises concern about capacity applied biosecurity measures prevent introduction. Short-term preparedness medium- long-term prevention strategies, including revising reinforcing measures, reduction density possible appropriate vaccination should be implemented. results genetic analysis indicate that characterised during this reporting period belong clade 2.3.4.4b. Some characterized A(H5N1) detected Sweden, Germany, are related which have been circulating since October 2020; North, Central, South East novel reassortant has introduced starting from 2021. was also mammal species Estonia Finland; some these strains so far present an adaptive marker is associated with increased virulence replication mammals. Since last report, 13 human infections due A(H5N6) two cases LPAI A(H9N2) China. caused 2.3.4.4b, possessed HA gene closely Europe. infection general population assessed as low, occupationally exposed people, medium, large uncertainty high diversity bird populations.

Language: Английский

Citations

64
A case of avian influenza A(H5N1) in England, January 2022 DOI Creative Commons
Isabel Oliver,

Jonathan Roberts,

Colin Brown

et al.

Eurosurveillance, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(5)

Published: Feb. 3, 2022

On 5 January 2022, high pathogenicity avian influenza A(H5N1) was confirmed in an individual who kept a large flock of ducks at their home England. The remained asymptomatic. H5N1 19/20 sampled live birds on 22 December 2021. Comprehensive contact tracing (n = 11) revealed no additional primary cases or secondary transmissions. Active surveillance exposed individuals is essential for case identification. Asymptomatic swabbing helped refine public health risk assessment and facilitated management given changes epidemiology.

Language: Английский

Citations

58
Avian influenza overview March – April 2023 DOI Creative Commons
Cornelia Adlhoch, Alice Fusaro,

José L Gonzales

et al.

EFSA Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(6)

Published: June 1, 2023

Between 2 March and 28 April 2023, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5Nx) virus, clade 2.3.4.4b, outbreaks were reported in domestic (106) wild (610) birds across 24 countries Europe. Poultry occurred less frequently compared to the previous reporting period spring 2022. Most of these classified as primary without secondary spread some them associated with atypical disease presentation, particular low mortality. In birds, black-headed gulls continued be heavily affected, while also other threatened bird species, such peregrine falcon, showed increased The ongoing epidemic gulls, many which breed inland, may increase risk for poultry, especially July-August, when first-year disperse from breeding colonies. HPAI A(H5N1) virus expand Americas, including mammalian is expected reach Antarctic near future. infections detected six mammal particularly marine mammals mustelids, first time, viruses currently circulating Europe retain a preferential binding avian-like receptors. Since 13 2022 10 May two 2.3.4.4b detections humans China (1), Chile well three A(H9N2) one A(H3N8) human China. infection H5 remains general population EU/EEA, moderate occupationally or otherwise exposed people.

Language: Английский

Citations

42
Avian influenza overview June–September 2023 DOI Creative Commons
Cornelia Adlhoch, Alice Fusaro,

José L Gonzales

et al.

EFSA Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(10)

Published: Oct. 1, 2023

Between 24 June and 1 September 2023, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5) outbreaks were reported in domestic (25) wild (482) birds across 21 countries Europe. Most of these appeared to be clustered along coastlines with only few HPAI virus detections inland. In poultry, all primary sporadic most them occurring the United Kingdom. birds, colony-breeding seabirds continued heavily affected, but an increasing number waterfowl is expected coming weeks. The current epidemic has already surpassed one previous epidemiological year terms total detections. As regards mammals, A(H5N1) was identified 26 fur animal farms Finland. Affected species included American mink, red Arctic fox, common raccoon dog. likely source introduction contact gulls. Wild mammals affected worldwide, mostly foxes different seal species. Since last report as 28 two clade 2.3.4.4b humans have been by Kingdom, three human infections A(H5N6) A(H9N2) from China, respectively. No infection related animals on Finland or cats Poland reported, remain a rare event. risk currently circulating H5 viruses Europe remains low for general population EU/EEA. moderate occupationally otherwise exposed people infected (wild domesticated); this assessment covers situations that depend level exposure.

Language: Английский

Citations

41