A threat to the natural World Heritage site rarely happens alone

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 360, P. 121113 - 121113

Published: May 20, 2024

This study contributes an empirical investigation of the likelihood that different external threats to a UNESCO Natural World Heritage Site occur in combination with each other when site characteristics and location are controlled for. For purpose analysis, database State Conservation Reports used nine most frequently appearing identified. These databases include 6852 site-year observations 3316 over period 1979-2023. The commonly identified illegal activities, eleven percent all mining six percent. Transport infrastructure, tourism visitor pressure also common threats. Estimation results based on multivariate Probit (equation system) model demonstrate there strong positive correlations between many pairs Most apparent links activities loss identity, social cohesion, changes local population community, water infrastructure (dams) farming, as well land conversion. There clear infrastructure. emphasises various seldom appear isolation from other. Results highlight have drivers. Among determinants, important ones. is highest for Sites covered by forests or those marine coastal areas, Africa Arab region. It possible identify general increase time, although diminishing rate growth towards 2015-2019. Contrary this development downturn during Covid-19 pandemic 2020-2023, continues grow. Methodologically, emphasize need models research goes beyond analyses descriptive statistics single equation approaches.

Language: Английский

---

Ideal Approaches to AI Regulation in LATAM Countries: Promoting Technological Advancement and Human Rights Protections

F1000Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14, P. 305 - 305

Published: March 17, 2025

Background Today’s approaches to regulating AI diverge from countries and regions. For instance, Japan’s framework emphasizes agile governance, relying on soft law, corporate cooperation, a deregulatory approach. In contrast, the EU adopts hard law model with risk-based approach centered protecting human rights. Discussing benefits downsides of each will be deemed valuable for LATAM’s journey AI. Methods The authors identified guidelines laws Japan European Union by searching official websites Google Scholar through 2023 2024. We divided search between both researchers, one us in charge Japanese documents other Latin America ones. relevant were selected when containing laws, independent reports about then proceeded conduct document analysis current situation LATAM region as well comparison Through this process, logic behind was deduced evaluated suitability region. Results faces unique challenges Limited investment innovation research, along insufficient venture capital, places below global averages technological development. Overly restrictive regulations risk worsening disparity. A appears more convenient rather than one. realm, it is crucial avoid binary that positions growth rights protection opposing objectives. Conclusions study proposes five principles future regulation LATAM: fostering innovation, balancing risks, benefits, tailoring frameworks regional needs, avoiding measures, incorporating Western Asian perspectives. Ultimately, underscores importance context-specific, balanced address opportunities governance.

Language: Английский

---

Land use land cover (LULC) analysis in Nigeria: a systematic review of data, methods, and platforms with future prospects

Bulletin of the National Research Centre/Bulletin of the National Research Center, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 48(1)

Published: Dec. 17, 2024

Abstract Understanding land use and cover (LULC) classification is critical for addressing environmental human needs, particularly in developing countries. Nigeria a country experiencing rapid population growth economic development leading to increased LULC changes. While many studies have been done on changes, there need comprehensive review of existing knowledge limitations analyses Nigeria. Hence, using the Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses method, this paper presents systematic by examining adopted remote sensing data, pre-classified global regional maps, validation methods. This draws attention significant highlights awareness access readily available data. provides broad overview methods, focus, scale, constraints associated with analysis Also, it probable solutions challenges GEE-based scripts. There create prioritize national data repository ensure sustainable monitoring management will facilitate spatial temporal assessment at different scales regions. High-resolution imagery advanced methods such as deep learning be accurate scales. programs, collaboration, capacity-building initiatives beneficial current emerging related

Language: Английский

---

Anthropogenic threats

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 637 - 668

Published: Nov. 15, 2024

Language: Английский

---