Horticulture Research,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
7(1)
Published: Oct. 8, 2020
Abstract
Acidity
is
a
critical
component
determining
apple
fruit
quality.
Previous
studies
reported
two
major
acidity
quantitative
trait
loci
(QTLs)
on
linkage
groups
(LGs)
16
(
Ma
)
and
8
Ma3
),
respectively,
their
homozygous
genotypes
mama
ma3ma3
usually
confer
low
titratable
(TA)
(<3.0
mg
ml
−1
to
fruit.
However,
apples
of
-
MaMa
Mama
or
Ma3Ma3
Ma3ma3
frequently
show
an
range
spanning
both
regular
(TA
3.0–10.0
high
>
10
levels.
To
date,
the
genetic
control
for
high-acidity
remains
essentially
unknown.
In
order
map
QTLs
associated
with
acidity,
genomic
DNA
pools,
one
other
were
created
in
interspecific
F
1
population
Royal
Gala
Malus
domestica
×
PI
613988
M.
sieversii
191
fruit-bearing
progenies.
By
Illumina
paired-end
sequencing
1,261,640
single-nucleotide
variants
(SNVs)
commonly
present
pools
detected.
Using
allele
frequency
directional
difference
density
(AFDDD)
mapping
approach,
region
chromosome
4
another
6
identified
be
putatively
named
Ma6
Ma4
,
respectively.
Trait
association
analysis
markers
independently
developed
from
regions
confirmed
.
background
20.6%
variation
could
explained
by
28.5%
Ma4,
50.7%
combination
both.
The
effects
also
significant,
but
lower.
These
findings
provide
important
insight
into
apple.
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: July 14, 2022
Identifying
the
genetic
variation
characteristics
of
phenotypic
traits
is
important
for
fruit
tree
breeding.
During
long-term
evolution
trees,
gene
recombination
and
natural
mutation
have
resulted
in
a
high
degree
heterozygosity.
Apple
(
Malus
×
domestica
Borkh.)
shows
strong
ecological
adaptability
widely
cultivated,
among
most
economically
crops
worldwide.
However,
level
heterozygosity
large
genome
apple,
combination
with
its
perennial
life
history
long
juvenile
phase,
complicate
investigation
basis
quality
traits.
With
continuing
augmentation
apple
genomic
resources
available,
recent
years
progress
has
been
achieved
research
on
This
review
focuses
summarizing
studies
traits,
including
appearance,
flavor,
nutritional,
ripening,
storage
qualities.
In
addition,
we
discuss
mapping
quantitative
trait
loci,
screening
molecular
markers,
mining
major
genes
associated
The
overall
aim
this
to
provide
valuable
insights
into
mechanisms
breeding
apple.
Horticulture Research,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
10(6)
Published: May 2, 2023
Abstract
Many
fruit
quality
traits
in
apple
(Malus
domestica
Borkh.)
are
controlled
by
multiple
small-effect
quantitative
trait
loci
(QTLs).
Genomewide
selection
(genomic
selection)
might
be
an
effective
breeding
approach
for
highly
woody
perennial
crops
with
long
generation
times
like
apple.
The
goal
of
this
study
was
to
determine
if
genomewide
prediction
is
scion
program.
Representative
germplasm
(nindividuals
=
955),
high-quality
single
nucleotide
polymorphism
(SNP)
data
(nSNPs
977),
and
program
at
harvest
were
analyzed.
Breeding
parents
`Honeycrisp'
`Minneiska'
represented.
Moderate
high
predictive
abilities
observed
most
harvest.
For
example,
when
25%
random
subsets
the
set
used
as
training
sets,
mean
ranged
from
0.35
0.54
across
traits.
Trait,
test
family
size
within
prediction,
number
SNPs
per
chromosome
affected
model
ability.
Inclusion
large-effect
QTLs
fixed
effects
resulted
higher
some
(e.g.
percent
red
overcolor).
Postdiction
(i.e.
retrospective)
analyses
demonstrated
impact
culling
threshold
on
decisions.
results
demonstrate
that
a
useful
certain
Horticulture Research,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
7(1)
Published: Oct. 8, 2020
Abstract
Acidity
is
a
critical
component
determining
apple
fruit
quality.
Previous
studies
reported
two
major
acidity
quantitative
trait
loci
(QTLs)
on
linkage
groups
(LGs)
16
(
Ma
)
and
8
Ma3
),
respectively,
their
homozygous
genotypes
mama
ma3ma3
usually
confer
low
titratable
(TA)
(<3.0
mg
ml
−1
to
fruit.
However,
apples
of
-
MaMa
Mama
or
Ma3Ma3
Ma3ma3
frequently
show
an
range
spanning
both
regular
(TA
3.0–10.0
high
>
10
levels.
To
date,
the
genetic
control
for
high-acidity
remains
essentially
unknown.
In
order
map
QTLs
associated
with
acidity,
genomic
DNA
pools,
one
other
were
created
in
interspecific
F
1
population
Royal
Gala
Malus
domestica
×
PI
613988
M.
sieversii
191
fruit-bearing
progenies.
By
Illumina
paired-end
sequencing
1,261,640
single-nucleotide
variants
(SNVs)
commonly
present
pools
detected.
Using
allele
frequency
directional
difference
density
(AFDDD)
mapping
approach,
region
chromosome
4
another
6
identified
be
putatively
named
Ma6
Ma4
,
respectively.
Trait
association
analysis
markers
independently
developed
from
regions
confirmed
.
background
20.6%
variation
could
explained
by
28.5%
Ma4,
50.7%
combination
both.
The
effects
also
significant,
but
lower.
These
findings
provide
important
insight
into
apple.