Effects of Climate Change on Malaria Risk to Human Health: A Review

Atmosphere, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 71 - 71

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Malaria, a severe vector-borne disease, affects billions of people globally and claims over half million lives annually. Climate change can impact lifespan the development vectors. There is gap in organized, multidisciplined research on climate change’s malaria incidence transmission. This review assesses summarizes effects human health, specifically malaria. Results suggest that higher temperatures accelerate larval development, promote reproduction, enhance blood feed frequency, increase digestion, shorten vector life cycles, lower mortality rates. Rainfall provides aquatic stages, extends mosquitoes’ lifespans, increases cases. Mosquito activity with high humidity, which facilitates Flooding lead to increased inhabitation population growth, habitat diversion, increasing breeding sites number Droughts range by creating new grounds. Strong storms wash Anopheles’ eggs reproduction habitat. It limits disease outbreaks. The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) indirectly alter study recommends strengthening collaboration between policymakers, researchers, stakeholders reduce risks. also suggests control mechanisms improved early warnings.

Language: Английский

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Transgression of planetary boundaries and the effects on child health through an infectious diseases lens

Current Opinion in Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 37(2), P. 124 - 136

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Life on earth, as we know it, is changing. The likelihood of more frequent pandemics and disease outbreaks something that current global healthcare infrastructure ill equipped to navigate. Human activity forcing our planet into a new geologic epoch, the Anthropocene, which typified by increased uncertainty resulting from human disruption earth's life-giving ecosystems. Plagues have always been unfortunate partners periods disruption, they will be again if frequency severity climate conflict-mediated disasters increase in coming years. If continue exceed degrade planetary boundaries protect health, children their reap consequences. Scientists defined nine 'safe operating' for life all its glorious diversity thrive earth. Recent evidence suggests six these already transgressed, but potential implications transgressions upon child health not well articulated. We highlight how contravention impact infectious risk humans' ability survive thrive. reflect specifically paediatricians are called speak up most vulnerable members species, young yet unborn future generations. Post COVID-19 initiatives improve pandemic preparedness response certainly warranted, prevention should include committed efforts safe boundaries. Willingly exceeding has deep moral consequences poorly articulated ethical frameworks. Paediatricians best placed develop champion neglected 'third dimension' medical ethics, recognizing imperative long-term interests

Language: Английский

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Temperature effects on development and lifelong behavior in zebrafish

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 973, P. 179172 - 179172

Published: March 20, 2025

Language: Английский

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Diseases Transmitted by Arthropods: Module to Train Medical Providers in English and Spanish

MedEdPORTAL, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 25, 2025

OPEN ACCESSMarch 25, 2025Diseases Transmitted by Arthropods: Module to Train Medical Providers in English and Spanish Algevis Wrench, PhD1, Andrea Celeste Vélez-Figueroa, MD2,*, Julián J. Rubio Gil de Lamadrid, MS3, Kaitlyn Pommells, MS4, John Paul Sánchez, MD, MPH5 PhD1 Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College Allopathic Medicine , MD2,* https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2009-3291 First-Year Resident, Hospital Universitario Ramón Ruiz Arnau Universidad Central del Caribe School E-mail Address: [email protected] MS3 Fourth-Year Student, MS4 Coordinator, Academic Writing Fellowship, Building the Next Generation Physicians Dean, Author Information 1 2 3 4 5 ∗Corresponding author: https://doi.org/10.15766/mep_2374-8265.11509 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsDownload Citations ShareFacebookXEmail Abstract Introduction: Arthropod-borne diseases like Chagas, dengue, West Nile virus are common among migrants immigrants from Spanish-speaking countries U.S. travelers. The Census Bureau predicts that 2060, 28% total population 39% foreign-born will be Hispanic. Health care practitioners need a thorough understanding these provide proper improve patient compliance for ever-changing population. Methods: We used Kern's model develop an hour-long interactive module consisting presentation, video large-group discussion, six case studies small-group discussions, pre- postsession evaluations. All materials available Spanish; is tailored health providers communicating with patients. statistical tests compare confidence levels assess improvements knowledge before after module. Results: was implemented three times two 49 participants, which included prehealth students, medical graduate faculty/staff. Wilcoxon rank sum test demonstrated significant improvement evaluations all educational objectives. Based on 5-point Likert scale, median level increased (slightly confident) (fairly confident), p < .01. Discussion: This can particular importance localized or focused Hispanic communities. It easily integrated into microbiology, epidemiology, courses. Further research needed its effectiveness faculty staff. Educational Objectives By end this activity, learners able to: 1.Describe epidemiology certain transmitted arthropods.2.Provide explanation diagnosis treatment arthropod-borne diseases.3.Identify important communication skills when caring disease. Introduction have been rise few decades due many factors, especially growth, global warming, climate change.1 These changes cause emerge reemerge across disease-endemic countries.2 In one study, temperature directly related disease prevalence.3 One change provides more suitable environment vectors thrive.4 According Bureau's projections, it estimated combined foreign- native-born individuals origin make up population.5,6 Additionally, forecasts Hispanic.5 demographic could lead increase residents. diseases, specifically virus, within high predominantly travelers where prevalent.7 2022 Survey reported 44% part Latina/o/x/e, Hispanic, (LHS+) identified population.8 LHS+ immigrant often experiences poor physician-patient language barriers, lower suboptimal outcomes.9,10 Compliance follow-up essential reduce sequelae chronicity. Moreover, traveling Mexico, America, South Caribbean (e.g., Puerto Rico) increases chance infection modules how communicate about infections English- patients who spent time may valuable tool. Practitioners gain treatment, prevention order appropriate patients, avoid disparities care, follow-up.11 awareness intricacies slang colloquial wording Spanish-language descriptions signs symptoms typical some extremely helpful determining diagnosis. caters needs training practicing responsible providing exposed aims equip serve While there existing publication MedEdPORTAL describes dermatologic tropical through simulation-based methods, our offers unique approach identifying defining explicitly patients.12 Another study centers simulated virology clinic developed students practice integrating microbiology clinical standardized arrive at diagnosis.13 However, fills gap current literature, comprehensive overview diseases—Chagas, virus—to aid their identification, diagnosis, settings considering role regional variations language. created education, populations. led member expertise and/or student. practitioners, training, researchers baseline sufficient foundation teach workshop reviewing learners. Methods teaching separate appendices publication. facilitator(s) must possess advanced native proficiency ensure effective comprehension throughout course both languages. participants expected least intermediate conducted. requirement ensures engage meaningfully material effectively participate discussions activities. five times, English. announced learning activity via institutional emails containing sign-up link. days leading module's implementation, received webpage link presession evaluation (Appendices A B) instructions completing date. additional step saved allowing complete beforehand, thus leaving implementation. presentation C D) began disclaimer agenda outlining activity. discussed objectives gave short introduction. then outlined each sections etiology, transmission, features, other distinguishing characteristics. Throughout we epidemiologic statistics maps. Afterward, presented illustrating encounter between provider Rican migrant E F). Participants referred transcript G H) vocabulary handout (Appendix I) follow along video. decided include facilitate identification words expressions (Venezuela, Colombia, commonly describe diseases. Venezuela Colombia hotspots dengue Chagas disease, making local particularly symptoms. Rico, territory, faces burden contributes large proportion U.S., emphasizing practical culturally specific terminology.14 brief discussion followed format. facilitator guide J K) contains suggested dialogue talking points discussion. After were L M). split two, three, four small groups discuss individual traveler area. Each different scenarios, including chronic febrile phase, neuroinvasive infection. also useful section because cases phrases chief complaint. Essential found Appendices N O. Lastly, allotted questions B). key correct answers objective assessment valuations P). As facilitators, conducted self-guided implement successful workshop. viewing studies, hour. six-step design, develop, implement, evaluate module.15 Step 1, problem assessment, consisted literature review identify potential gaps resources treating narrative barriers limited 2023 Pew Research Center report acted as tools.9,10 second step, targeted revealed lack concerning case-based approach. 3, written using Bloom's taxonomy. strategies, 4, combination direct instruction cooperative models, PowerPoint video, discussion.16,17 accommodate proficient while fostering linguistic nuances involved region-specific terms indicate exploring terms, better recognize cultural factors influence virtual format (step 5). 6, completed discussing assessments gathered feedback approval project Nova Southeastern University's Institutional Review Board (protocol number 2022-177). SPSS version 20 analyze data. meeting Chi-square analyses responses Results Three facilitated implementation: single facilitators workshops, pair workshops. assistant professor students. self-reported bilingual Spanish, Venezuelan identity identity. participated modules, evaluation, 29 evaluation. Of 34 seven faculty/staff, race/ethnicity, 39 LHS+, Black/African American, White, Native Asian. Twenty men women. Forty-one straight/heterosexual, LGBT. per session fluctuated 24 participants. ranked statistically differences noted learners' ability meet For objectives, preevaluation postevaluation medians respectively (p .01), rated based scale (1 = no confidence, somewhat confident, confidence). Fisher's exact knowledge-based question. question one, "In United States, most people acquired from… ", percent (25/29 preworkshop vs. 28/29 postworkshop). illness returning (19/29 postworkshop; .01). "Which following mode transmission virus?", (8/29 25/29 encouraged share what they appreciated areas improvement. Many highlighted well-structured nature session, use relevant engaging visuals. emerged favorite feature, described highly impactful. participant remarked, "The precise joined such good patient." added, helped solidify information." subsequent group positive attention, noting value reinforcing concepts. inclusion specialized list enhance competence appreciated, regarded distinctive thoughtful element Suggestions refilming address sound image quality issues, recommended proposed expanding arthropod-related encompass broader range countries, further enriching relevance Discussion designed focus. equips populations affected endemic greater risk tools, new vocabulary, care. audience associate professors, faculty. results evaluations, participants' set beginning Furthermore, comments reinforce implementing models teaching. has several limitations should consider optimize smaller sessions, discretion dividing groups. covered carefully selected. Discussing cases, example, might overly ambitious. Facilitators prioritize manageable align fit session's 1-hour frame. Although convenience scheduling coordination, engagement seen in-person Feedback early sessions improvements, concerns. later workshops issues. Sharing supplemental materials, appendices, relatively straightforward email conference chat. improved immediately uncertain whether gains persist over time. target language, requiring accurate self-assessment meaningful experience. introduces offering foundation. does not capture full regions. courses, resource wider array variations, enhancing competence. driven change, creating favorable environments thrive. With projections indicating likelihood impacting demographic. Consequently, it's levels. Implementing diverse policies schools residency programs help professionals growing curriculum courses school level. staff continuing education well opportunities various stages careers. References1. Chala B, Hamde F. Emerging re-emerging vector-borne infectious challenges control: review. Front Public Health. 2021;9:715759. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.715759Medline, Google Scholar2. El-Sayed A, Kamel M. Climatic emergence re-emergence Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020;27(18):22336–22352. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08896-wMedline, Scholar3. Colón-González FJ, Sewe MO, Tompkins AM, et al. Projecting mosquito-borne warmer populated world: multi-model, multi-scenario intercomparison modelling study. Lancet Planet 2021;5(7):e404–e414. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(21)00132-7Medline, Scholar4. Semenza JC, Rocklöv J, Ebi KL. Climate cascading risks Infect Dis Ther. 2022;11(4):1371–1390. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-022-00647-3Medline, Scholar5. Vespa Medina L, Armstrong DM. Demographic Turning Points States: Population Projections 2020 2060. Bureau; 2018. Updated February 2020. Accessed 24, 2025. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2020/demo/p25-1144.pdfGoogle Scholar6. Kanter MH, Abrams KM, Carrasco MR, Spiegel NH, Vogel RS, Coleman KJ. Patient-physician concordance: strategy primary Perm 2009;13(4):79–84. https://doi.org/10.7812/TPP/09-056Medline, Scholar7. Data States. Centers Disease Control Prevention. May 14, 2024. https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/data-research/facts-stats/index.htmlGoogle Scholar8. Batalova Frequently requested immigration Migration Policy Institute. March 13, https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/frequently-requested-statistics-immigrants-and-immigration-united-statesGoogle Scholar9. 2021. Center. August 16, 2023. https://www.pewresearch.org/hispanic/chart/us-hispanics-english-proficiencyGoogle Scholar10. Escobedo LE, Cervantes Havranek E. Barriers healthcare Latinx proficiency—a Gen Intern Med. 2023;38(5):1264–1271. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-022-07995-3Medline, Scholar11. Lopez Vera Thomas K, Trinh C, Nausheen impact concordance satisfaction, comfort sharing sensitive information during Immigr Minor 2023;25(6):1261–1269. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-023-01463-8Medline, Scholar12. Mankbadi M, Goyack Thiel Weinstein D, Simms-Cendan Hernandez Dermatologic simulation neglected professionals. MedEdPORTAL. 2016;12:10525. https://doi.org/10.15766/mep_2374-8265.10525Medline, Scholar13. Jackson JM, Strowd LC, Peters TR. clinic: exercise preclinical supporting basic science integration. 2020;16:10957. https://doi.org/10.15766/mep_2374-8265.10957Medline, Scholar14. Moslimani Noe-Bustamante Shah S. Facts Hispanics https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-sheet/us-hispanics-facts-on-puerto-rican-origin-latinos/Google Scholar15. Sweet LR, Palazzi DL. Application development Educ (Abingdon). 2015;28(2):138–141. https://doi.org/10.4103/1357-6283.170124Medline, Scholar16. Lombardi P. Roles Responsibilities Special Educator. University New Hampshire Professional Studies; 2020:chap 16. https://pressbooks.usnh.edu/edc703-803/chapter/direct-instruction-teaching-method/Google Scholar17. Gillies RM. An introduction learning. Education Hub. 10, https://theeducationhub.org.nz/an-introduction-to-cooperative-learning/#_ednref1Google ScholarPDF download Sign latest publications Add your below APPENDICESReferencesRelatedDetailsAppendices Pre- Postsession Evaluations.docx Presentation.pptx Clinical Encounter Video.mp4 Video Transcript.docx Vocabulary Handout.docx Facilitator Guide.docx Case Studies - Learners.docx Facilitators.docx Evaluations Key.docx peer reviewed integral parts Original Publication. Download CitationWrench Vélez-Figueroa AC, Lamadrid JJRG, Pommells Sánchez JP. Diseases Spanish. 2025;21:11509. Copyright & Permissions© 2025 Wrench open-access distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license.KeywordsArthropodsChagasDengueWest VirusLatinoHispanicSpanishMigrantsImmigrantsTravelersBiostatistics EpidemiologyMicrobiologyHealth EquityPopulation HealthPreventive MedicineCase-Based LearningLanguage-Appropriate CareAcknowledgmentsWe would acknowledge Physicians, Inc. (BNGAP) publication.Disclosures None report. Funding/Support Ethical Approval project. Disclaimer D videos amongst actors situations real situations. tabs.loading

Language: Английский

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Animal board invited review: Risks of zoonotic disease emergence at the interface of wildlife and livestock systems

animal, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 100241 - 100241

Published: June 1, 2021

The ongoing coronavirus disease 19s pandemic has yet again demonstrated the importance of human-animal interface in emergence zoonotic diseases, and particular role wildlife livestock species as potential hosts virus reservoirs. As most diseases emerge out interface, a better understanding specific drivers mechanisms involved is crucial to prepare for future outbreaks. Interactions between systems contribute especially face globalization, habitat fragmentation destruction climate change. several groups viruses bacteria are more likely emerge, we focus on pathogenic Bunyavirales, Coronaviridae, Flaviviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, Paramyxoviridae, well bacterial including Mycobacterium sp., Brucella Bacillus anthracis Coxiella burnetii. Noteworthy, it was difficult predict past, even well-known pathogens. Thus, an improved surveillance hotspot areas availability fast, effective, adaptable control measures would definitely preparedness. We here propose strategies mitigate risk and/or re-emergence prioritized pathogens prevent epidemics.

Language: Английский

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