Geocarto International,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
38(1)
Published: May 2, 2023
The
majority
of
people
living
on
earth
rely
groundwater
as
their
primary
supply
water
for
daily
needs.
However,
human
activities
continuously
threaten
this
natural
resource.
In
an
attempt
to
unravel
the
extent
impact
human-related
physicochemical
characteristics
in
Nnewi
and
Awka
urban
clusters
(Nigeria),
several
techniques
were
integrated
study.
Groundwater
samples
warm
acidic
nature.
Concentrations
SO42-,
NO3-,
PO43-,
Cl-,
HCO3-,
Ca2+,
Mg2+,
Na+
K+
within
set
benchmarks.
nutrient
pollution
index
(ranging
from
0.060
0.745),
nitrate
(varying
between
−0.999
−0.790)
0.057
0.630)
estimated
anthropogenic
contamination
showed
low
characteristics.
health
risks
due
ingestion
skin
absorption
nitrate-contaminated
computed
six
age
groups
(6–12
months,
5–10
years,
10–15
15–20
20–60
years
>60
years)
risk
values
that
<
1,
implying
chronic
humans.
cumulative
total
hazard
ranged
0.006
0.787
with
a
mean
value
0.167.
Chemometric
analyses
geochemical
plots
revealed
relationships
variables
sources.
Chadha's
plot
55%
Ca2+-Mg2+-Cl-
waters,
predominating
over
Na+-Cl-
Ca2+-Mg2+-HCO3-
waters.
Bivariate
multivariate
also
indicated
impact.
Furthermore,
principal
component
analysis
R-type
hierarchical
clustering
confirmed
chemistry
quality
mostly
influenced
by
geogenic
processes
than
acts.
Conclusively,
influence
is
low.
These
findings
would
be
useful
future
monitoring
both
clusters.
