Toxics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(8), P. 577 - 577
Published: Aug. 8, 2024
Potential
toxic
element
(PTE)
pollution
has
emerged
as
a
significant
environmental
and
social
concern
in
global
agriculture.
Chromium
(Cr)
occurs
different
oxidation
states
naturally,
among
them
Cr(VI),
which
is
highly
toxic.
This
study
carried
out
biochemical
molecular
tests
to
elucidate
the
accumulation
of
total
soluble
phenolics
(TSPs)
rice
plants
exposed
Cr(VI)
at
2.0,
8.0,
16.0
mg
Cr/L,
emphasizing
interaction
between
polyamines
(PAs)
abscisic
acid
(ABA).
The
results
revealed
Cr
tissues
plants,
hindered
their
growth.
exposure
increased
ABA
concentration,
with
higher
levels
detected
shoots
than
roots.
TSP
concentration
showed
positive
relationship
supplied
concentrations
Cr(VI).
measured
PAs,
including
spermine
(Spm),
putrescine
(Put),
spermidine
(Spd),
exhibited
varied
responses
stress,
only
Spm
increasing
concentrations.
Real-time
qRT-PCR
PAs
synthesis-associated
genes
such
OsADC1,
OsAIH,
OsCPA1,
OsCPA4
were
significantly
up-regulated
shoot
treated
These
are
associated
second
pathway
Put
synthesis,
originating
from
Arg.
Almost
all
activated
Met
well.
Moreover,
involved
interconversion
three
species
completely
exposure.
Overall,
analysis
gene
expression
data
indicate
that
likely
enhance
subjected
toxicity.
Plants,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(7), P. 933 - 933
Published: March 23, 2024
Plants
are
constantly
subjected
to
environmental
changes
that
deeply
affect
their
metabolism,
leading
the
inhibition
or
synthesis
of
“specialized”
compounds,
small
organic
molecules
play
a
fundamental
role
in
adaptative
responses.
In
this
work,
Melissa
officinalis
L.
(an
aromatic
plant
broadly
cultivated
due
large
amounts
secondary
metabolites)
plants
were
exposed
realistic
ozone
(O3)
dosages
(80
ppb,
5
h
day−1)
for
35
consecutive
days
with
aim
evaluate
its
potential
use
as
elicitor
specialized
metabolite
production.
Ozone
induced
stomatal
dysfunction
throughout
whole
experiment,
associated
low
photosynthetic
performance,
decrease
energy
conversion
activity
PSII,
and
an
alteration
total
chlorophyll
content
(−35,
−36,
−10,
−17%
average
compared
controls,
respectively).
The
production
hydrogen
peroxide
at
7
from
beginning
exposure
(+47%)
resulted
lipid
peroxidation
visible
injuries.
This
result
suggests
metabolic
disturbance
within
cell
concomitant
homeostasis,
probably
limited
activation
antioxidative
mechanisms.
Moderate
accumulated
doses
O3
triggered
accumulation
hydroxycinnamic
acids
up-regulation
genes
encoding
enzymes
involved
rosmarinic
acid,
phenylpropanoid,
flavonoid
biosynthesis.
While
high
significantly
enhanced
hydroxybenzoic
acid
flavanone
glycosides.
Our
study
shows
application
investigated
concentration
period
(such
two/three
weeks)
may
become
useful
tool
stimulate
bioactive
compounds
M.
officinalis.
Plant Cell & Environment,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
47(4), P. 1269 - 1284
Published: Jan. 7, 2024
Abstract
Tropospheric
ozone
(O
3
)
is
a
phytotoxic
air
pollutant
adversely
affecting
plant
growth.
High
O
exposures
are
often
concurrent
with
summer
drought.
The
effects
of
both
stresses
on
plants
complex,
and
their
interactions
not
yet
well
understood.
Here,
we
investigate
whether
drought
can
mitigate
the
negative
physiology
growth
based
meta‐analysis.
We
found
that
mitigated
photosynthesis,
but
modification
effect
whole‐plant
biomass
by
was
significant.
This
explained
compensatory
response
water‐deficient
leads
to
increased
metabolic
costs.
Relative
water
control
condition,
reduced
treatment
decreased
photosynthetic
traits,
leaf
root
in
deciduous
broadleaf
species,
while
all
traits
evergreen
coniferous
species
showed
no
significant
response.
suggested
mitigating
impacts
were
more
extensive
than
ones.
Therefore,
avoid
over‐
or
underestimations
when
assessing
impact
vegetation
growth,
soil
moisture
should
be
considered.
These
results
contribute
better
understanding
terrestrial
ecosystem
responses
under
global
change.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(10), P. 5248 - 5248
Published: May 11, 2024
With
the
depletion
of
ozone
layer,
intensity
ultraviolet
B
(UV-B)
radiation
reaching
Earth's
surface
increases,
which
in
turn
causes
significant
stress
to
plants
and
affects
all
aspects
plant
growth
development.
The
aim
this
study
was
investigate
mechanism
response
UV-B
endemic
species
Rhododendron
chrysanthum
Pall.
(R.
chrysanthum)
Changbai
Mountains
how
exogenous
ABA
regulates
R.
stress.
results
chlorophyll
fluorescence
images
OJIP
kinetic
curves
showed
that
damaged
PSII
photosystem
chrysanthum,
could
alleviate
damage
some
extent.
A
total
2148
metabolites
were
detected
by
metabolomics,
flavonoids
accounted
for
highest
number
(487,
or
22.67%).
KEGG
enrichment
analysis
differential
accumulation
revealed
flavonoid
biosynthesis
flavone
flavonol
significantly
altered.
GO
most
DEGs
produced
after
distributed
cellular
process,
anatomical
entity,
catalytic
activity.
Network
key
DFs
associated
with
synthesis
identified
(isorhamnetin-3-O-gallate
dihydromyricetin)
genes
(TRINITY_DN2213_c0_g1_i4-A1)
promote
resistance
In
addition,
multiple
transcription
factor
families
found
be
involved
regulation
pathway
under
Overall,
actively
responded
regulating
changes
flavonoids,
especially
flavones
flavonols,
while
further
enhanced
its
experimental
not
only
provide
a
new
perspective
understanding
molecular
but
also
valuable
theoretical
basis
future
research
application
improving
adversity
tolerance.
Plant Stress,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13, P. 100523 - 100523
Published: June 25, 2024
Allelopathy,
a
biological
phenomenon
involving
the
production
and
release
of
secondary
metabolites
known
as
allelochemicals,
plays
critical
role
in
plant
interactions
agroecosystem
dynamics.
Phenolic
compounds
are
significant
class
allelochemicals
that
profoundly
affect
competition,
soil
health,
microbial
communities.
When
released
into
soil,
their
action
depends
on
soil's
physico-chemical
characteristics
This
review
comprehensively
inspects
phenolic
allelochemicals'
structure-function
relationship,
direct
combat
with
root
cells
rhizosphere,
ecological
functions,
succession
stress
tolerance.
characterized
by
diverse
structures
roles,
offer
sustainable
alternative
to
synthetic
herbicides
due
minimal
residual
impact
environment
rapid
biodegradation.
Additionally,
addresses
challenges
future
directions
applying
aiming
bridge
gap
between
theory
practical
agricultural
applications
for
environmental
protection
crop
productivity
enhancement.
ACS Agricultural Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
4(2), P. 244 - 254
Published: Jan. 12, 2024
Drought
stress
significantly
affects
plant
growth
and
productivity,
including
sunflowers
(Helianthus
annuus
L.).
Superabsorbent
hydrogels,
specifically
composed
of
dextrin
polyacrylamide,
offer
a
potential
solution
to
mitigate
drought
enhance
the
biochemical
traits
sunflowers.
This
study
explored
impact
copolymer
composition
on
gel
fraction,
swelling
behavior,
water
retention,
morphology,
chemical
structure
(Dix)/polyacrylamide
(PAAm)
hydrogels
synthesized
via
radical
polymerization.
Results
revealed
that
50/50
ratio
Dix/PAAm
hydrogel
exhibited
desirable
characteristics,
heterogeneous
pore
(approximately
100
μm)
higher
absorption
capacity
attributed
greater
Dix
content.
In
pot
experiment,
(Dix/PAAm)
played
crucial
role
in
alleviating
harmful
effects
growth,
chlorophyll
content,
fresh
shoot
weight,
pigments
The
application
positively
influenced
these
parameters
by
enhancing
nutrient
availability,
physiological
responses
stress.
Overall,
findings
highlight
as
an
effective
tool
for
resilience
promoting
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(6), P. 3509 - 3509
Published: March 20, 2024
Atmospheric
stressors
include
a
variety
of
pollutant
gases
such
as
CO2,
nitrous
oxide
(NOx),
and
sulfurous
compounds
which
could
have
natural
origin
or
be
generated
by
uncontrolled
human
activity.
Nevertheless,
other
atmospheric
elements
including
high
low
temperatures,
ozone
(O3),
UV-B
radiation,
acid
rain
among
others
can
affect,
at
different
levels,
large
number
plant
species,
particularly
those
agronomic
interest.
Paradoxically,
both
nitric
(NO)
hydrogen
sulfide
(H2S),
until
recently
were
considered
toxic
since
they
are
part
the
polluting
gases;
however,
present,
these
molecules
mechanism
response
to
multiple
stresses
exert
signaling
functions
usually
an
associated
stimulation
enzymatic
non-enzymatic
antioxidant
systems.
At
gasotransmitters
essential
components
defense
against
wide
range
environmental
ones.
This
review
aims
provide
updated
vision
endogenous
metabolism
NO
H2S
in
cells
deepen
how
exogenous
application
contribute
crop
resilience,
particularly,
stimulating
Plants,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(22), P. 3162 - 3162
Published: Nov. 11, 2024
The
invasion
of
non-native
plant
species
presents
a
significant
ecological
challenge
worldwide,
impacting
native
ecosystems
and
biodiversity.
These
invasive
significantly
affect
the
ecosystem.
threat
having
harmful
effects
on
natural
ecosystem
is
serious
concern.
Invasive
produce
secondary
metabolites,
which
not
only
help
in
growth
development
but
are
also
essential
for
spread
these
species.
This
review
highlights
important
functions
metabolites
invasion,
particularly
their
effect
allelopathy,
defense
system,
interaction
with
micro
soil
biota,
competitive
advantages.
Secondary
produced
by
play
an
role
affecting
allelopathic
interactions
herbivory.
They
sometimes
change
chemistry
to
make
viable
condition
proliferation.
inhibit
changing
resources
available
them.
Therefore,
it
necessary
understand
this
complicated
between
invasion.
mainly
summarizes
all
known
species,
emphasizing
significance
integrated
weed
management
research.
