
Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15
Published: Nov. 5, 2024
Extensive use of the neonicotinoid insecticides acetamiprid (ACE) and flonicamid (FLO) in agriculture poses severe environmental ecological risks. Microbial remediation is considered a feasible approach to address these issues. Many ACE-and FLO-degrading microorganisms have been isolated characterized, but few reviews concentrated on underlying degradation mechanisms. In this review, we describe microbial pathways ACE FLO assess toxicity ACE, their metabolites. Especially, focus enzymes involved FLO, including cytochrome P450s, nitrile hydratases, amidases, nitrilases. Those studies reviewed here further our understanding enzymatic mechanisms aid application microbes remediate contamination.
Language: Английский