Advancing prediction of age-related vascular cognitive impairment based on peripheral and retinal vascular health in a pilot study: a novel comprehensive assessment developed for a prospective workplace-based cohort (The Semmelweis Study)

GeroScience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 27, 2024

Abstract With a growing elderly population in the European Union, age-related diseases associated with unhealthy aging pose increasing public health challenges, including loss of independence and heightened societal burdens. The Semmelweis Study, prospective occupational cohort study Hungary, seeks to identify determinants aging, focusing on complex relationship between lifestyle, environmental, factors, development chronic age-associated diseases, vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). primary objective this pilot was establish robust, high-throughput assessment methodology comprehensively evaluate both peripheral cerebrovascular provide solid foundation for forthcoming Study framework. involved 49 participants aged 23 87 years, it assessed multi-domain performance through an automated battery tests (CANTAB). Vascular evaluated using laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI), flow-mediated dilation (FMD), static dynamic retinal vessel analysis (SVA, DVA), measurements stiffness. microvasculature, which closely mirrors cerebral circulation anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology, provided unique window examination. Optical SVA DVA enables identification structural functional changes central nervous system’s microcirculation, are highly relevant pathogenesis VCI. Subsequently, collected measures were integrated into indices principal component (PCA) age status explored. These comprehensive demonstrated correlation not only but also performance. This holds promise providing novel insights intricate interplay within context Study.

Language: Английский

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Exploring Endothelial Cell Dysfunction’s Impact on the Brain-Retina Microenvironment Connection: Molecular Mechanisms and Implications

Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Language: Английский

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Carotid artery hemodynamics and geometry as predictors of cerebral small vessel disease: insights from 4D flow imaging

Neuroradiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 3, 2025

Language: Английский

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Mechanistic insights into the sleep-glymphopathy-cerebral small vessel disease loop: implications for epilepsy pathophysiology and therapy

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19

Published: March 27, 2025

Epilepsy is the second most common neurological disorder and affects approximately 50 million people worldwide. Despite advances in antiepileptic therapy, about 30% of patients develop refractory epilepsy. Recent studies have shown sleep, glymphatic function, cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), epilepsy are interrelated by sharing a multidirectional relationship influencing their severity progression. Sleep plays vital role brain homeostasis promotes clearance responsible for removal metabolic wastes neurotoxic substances from brain. Disrupted sleep feature can lead to impairment efficiency or glymphopathy, promoting neuroinflammation accrual epileptogenic factors. CSVD, occurring up 60% aging population, further exacerbates neurovascular compromise neurodegeneration increasing seizure susceptibility worsening outcomes. This narrative review aims discuss molecular pathophysiological inter-relationships between these factors, providing new framework that places glymphopathy CSVD as contributors epileptogenesis conditions disruption. We propose an integrative model wherein vascular insufficiency interact positive feedback loop disruption increased vulnerability mediated epileptic activity. Acknowledging interactions has significant impacts on both research clinical practice. Targeting modulation, cerebrovascular health presents promising avenue therapeutic intervention. Future should focus developing precision medicine approaches integrate neuro-glial-vascular mechanisms optimize management. Clinically, addressing disturbances may improve treatment effectiveness, reduce burden, overall highlights need interdisciplinary break vicious cycle epilepsy, disturbance, pathology, paving way innovative paradigms.

Language: Английский

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Chronic Inflammation Linking Atherosclerosis to Cognitive Impairment: Multi-Target Mechanisms and Therapeutic Advances in Chinese Herbal Medicine

Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100122 - 100122

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) in cerebromicrovascular aging: implications for vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID)

GeroScience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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Retinal vessel density and cognitive function in healthy older adults

Experimental Brain Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 243(5)

Published: April 15, 2025

Abstract The eye is considered a gateway to the brain, as retina only tissue of central nervous system not protected by bones. This enables non-invasive imaging provide exceptional insights into brain. Based on similarity brain and retinal structure, it being investigated whether changes in blood flow could serve potential biomarker for cognitive decline. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) an examination microcirculation basis registration. Retinal has been associated with function have shown Alzheimer’s patients, whereas data healthy older subjects are contradictory. aim this study was correlate OCTA parameters individual performance tests assessing executive functions (EFs) inhibition, updating shifting group adults (range: 65–79) using structural equation modeling, hematocrit serving mediator. A model obtained vessel density (VD) superficial vascular complex EF inhibition updating. revealed that mediator correlated EF, neither direct path VD nor indirect via were significantly correlated. Regression analysis yielded significant results variable We conclude higher levels shorten reaction time coefficient variation increases correspondingly, indicating positive effect EF.

Language: Английский

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Correlation Between Blood Glucose Level and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Markers in Neurologically Asymptomatic, Nondiabetic Individuals

Aging Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 18, 2025

ABSTRACT Objectives Cerebral small vascular disease ( CSVD ) is not rare in neurologically asymptomatic individuals. Glucose control and insulin resistance IR may be its risk factors. We aimed to explore the relationship between markers, glucose control, asymptomatic, nondiabetic Methods A total of 412 participants from annual physical examinations population our hospital who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging May 2019 June 2021 were enrolled. collected clinical data blood test indices calculated triglyceride‐glucose TyG index. markers assessed, including lacunes, white matter hyperintensities WMH ), enlarged perivascular spaces EPVS cerebral microbleeds CMBs score. Correlations variables, parameters analyzed. Results The median age group was 70.32 ± 10.27 years (45–103 years). prevalence 43.7%. Lacunes present 8.3%, periventricular PVWMH 65.3%, deep DWMH 64.1%, 87.4%, 31.3% Glycated hemoglobin A1c HbA1c varied subgroups p = 0.043). Fasting FBG higher individuals with than those without 0.012). an independent factor for after controlling multiple variables. However, index associated markers. Conclusions common population. It beneficial middle‐aged elderly people pay attention their levels.

Language: Английский

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Imaging-validated correlates and implications of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of ageing-related cerebral large artery and small vessel diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Behavioral and Brain Functions, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: April 22, 2025

Cerebral large artery and small vessel diseases are considered substrates of neurological disorders. We explored how the mechanisms neurovascular uncoupling, dysfunctional blood-brain-barrier (BBB), compromised glymphatic pathway, impaired cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) autoregulation, identified through diverse neuroimaging techniques, impact cerebral diseases. Studies (1990-2024) that reported on neuroradiological findings ageing-related were reviewed. Fifty-two studies involving 23,693 participants disease mechanisms, 9 (sample size = 3,729) which compared metrics functions (CF) between with (target group) controls no vascular disease. Measures CF included CVR, blood flow (CBF), pressure arterial stiffness. The from 3,729, mean age 60.2 ± 11.5 years), revealed negative effect sizes CVR [SMD - 1.86 (95% CI 2.80, 0.92)] CBF 2.26 4.16, 0.35)], respectively indicating a reduction in target group to their controls. Conversely, there significant increases measures 0.32 0.18, 0.46)] stiffness 0.87 0.77, 0.98)], signified poor group. In combined model overall average was 0.81 1.53 0.08), p < 0.001]. Comparatively, this suggests impacts reductions significantly outweighed effects stiffness, thereby predominantly shaping model. Against controls, trends observed exclusively among (SMD 2.09 [95% CI: 3.57, 0.62]), as well those 0.85 1.34, 0.36]). further delineated underlying discussed interconnectedness cognitive impairments. vicious cycle, system, unit, BBB, play distinct roles contribute reduced risk individuals and/or Reduction points CF, is associated increased impairment ageing populations ≥ 60 years.

Language: Английский

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Expression of alpha smooth muscle actin decreases with ageing and increases upon lumen obstruction in mouse brain pericytes

GeroScience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 26, 2024

Abstract Cerebral pericytes are mural cells covering brain microvessels, organized as ensheathing, mesh and thin-strand pericytes. These latter two, together called capillary pericytes, have low levels of alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), regulating basal vascular tone applying a slow influence on cerebral blood flow. Pericytes subject to alterations in ageing which may be even more pronounced age-related pathologies, including microinfarcts, usually affect large number vessels the brain. We modelled this condition by injecting 10 µm-size microspheres into circulation mice resulting occlusion capillaries covered ensheathing observed that α-SMA Acta2 , gene encoding it, well TGF-β1/ Tgfb1 major regulator α-SMA, decreased during microvessels. In vicinity stalled capillaries, expression increased significantly both especially young (2 3 months age) old (24 mice. On other hand, γ-actin was detected endothelial cells, but not microvessels microsphere-containing hemispheres. Altogether, our data show obstruction increases age groups, does compensate for lower contractile protein animals. Increased lead constriction obstructed probably aggravating flow heterogeneity aged

Language: Английский

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