The role of the Mediterranean diet in reducing the risk of cognitive impairement, dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease: a meta-analysis

GeroScience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 11, 2025

Abstract Age-related cognitive impairment and dementia pose a significant global health, social, economic challenge. While Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has historically been viewed as the leading cause of dementia, recent evidence reveals considerable impact vascular (VCID), which now accounts for nearly half all cases. The Mediterranean diet—characterized by high consumption fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, olive oil—has widely recognized its cardiovascular benefits may also reduce risk decline dementia. To investigate protective effects diet on we conducted systematic literature review using PubMed, Web Science, Google Scholar, focusing studies published between 2000 2024. included in meta-nalysis examined adherence to incidence AD. We applied random-effects model calculate pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) assessed heterogeneity through I -square statistics. Forest plots, funnel Z -score plots were used visualize study outcomes. Of 324 full-text records reviewed, 23 met inclusion criteria. combined HR among those adhering was 0.82 (95% CI 0.75–0.89); 0.89 0.83–0.95); AD, 0.70 0.60–0.82), indicating substantial effects. Significant observed across studies, though suggested sufficient sample sizes support reliable conclusions each condition. In conclusion, this meta-analysis confirms that is associated an 11–30% reduction age-related disorders, including impairment, These findings underscore diet’s potential central element neuroprotective public health strategies mitigate promote healthier aging.

Language: Английский

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Cerebromicrovascular mechanisms contributing to long COVID: implications for neurocognitive health

GeroScience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Abstract Long COVID (also known as post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection [PASC] or post-COVID syndrome) is characterized by persistent symptoms that extend beyond the acute phase infection, affecting approximately 10% to over 30% those infected. It presents a significant clinical challenge, notably due pronounced neurocognitive such brain fog. The mechanisms underlying these effects are multifactorial, with mounting evidence pointing central role cerebromicrovascular dysfunction. This review investigates key pathophysiological contributing cerebrovascular dysfunction in long and their impacts on health. We discuss how endothelial tropism direct vascular trigger dysfunction, impaired neurovascular coupling, blood–brain barrier disruption, resulting compromised cerebral perfusion. Furthermore, appears induce mitochondrial enhancing oxidative stress inflammation within cells. Autoantibody formation following also potentially exacerbates injury, chronic ongoing compromise. These factors collectively contribute emergence white matter hyperintensities, promote amyloid pathology, may accelerate neurodegenerative processes, including Alzheimer’s disease. emphasizes critical advanced imaging techniques assessing health need for targeted interventions address complications. A deeper understanding essential advance treatments mitigate its long-term consequences.

Language: Английский

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Prognostic impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) expression on cancer survival and its implications for GLP-1R agonist therapy: an integrative analysis across multiple tumor types

GeroScience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Language: Английский

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Transcriptomic profiling of senescence effects on blood–brain barrier-related gene expression in brain capillary endothelial cells in a mouse model of paclitaxel-induced chemobrain

GeroScience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Abstract Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI), commonly referred to as “chemobrain,” is a frequent and debilitating side effect experienced by cancer survivors treated with paclitaxel (PTX). Preclinical models have shown that PTX promotes cerebromicrovascular endothelial cell senescence, leading chronic blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption neuroinflammation. Conversely, the elimination of senescent cells through senolytic therapies has been restore BBB integrity, reduce neuroinflammation, alleviate PTX-induced impairment. In this study, we tested hypothesis senescence alters gene expression patterns associated integrity. To investigate this, analyzed scRNA-seq dataset from brains mice clinically relevant regimen alongside vehicle-treated control mice. We identified capillary their distinct transcriptomic profiles matched these known markers cellular senescence. Our analysis confirmed induces in revealed significant transcriptional alterations linked impaired function. cells, set enrichment (GSEA) highlighted downregulated pathways junction assembly upregulated involved extracellular matrix remodeling inflammatory signaling, including Vitronectin (VTN) Pleiotrophin (PTN) pathways. Additionally, cell–cell communication reduced Junctional Adhesion Molecule (JAM) further implicating disruption. These findings highlight driver dysfunction changes altered intercellular signaling. The VTN PTN state indicates shift toward vascular inflammation, exacerbating microvascular fragility Supported prior experimental findings, study suggests targeting its downstream effects could mitigate impairments. results advance our understanding CICI pathogenesis provide foundation for developing therapeutic strategies aimed at preserving

Language: Английский

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The role of purpose in life in healthy aging: implications for the Semmelweis Study and the Semmelweis-EUniWell Workplace Health Promotion Model Program

GeroScience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 29, 2025

The global aging population presents significant challenges to public health systems, particularly in countries like Hungary, which faces some of the least favorable indicators European Union. To address these challenges, Purpose Life (PIL) has emerged as a critical determinant healthy aging, influencing physical, mental, and social health. Defined sense meaning, direction, intentionality, PIL promotes resilience, mitigates age-related decline, fosters well-being. This review explores theoretical frameworks, mechanisms, practical implications context aging. Biologically, regulates stress responses, contributing reduced disease risk improved longevity. Psychologically, self-regulation, positive emotions, buffer against mental support cognitive Socially, strengthens meaningful relationships, prosocial behaviors, collective purpose, reducing isolation enhancing cohesion. These mechanisms interact create synergistic effect that supports trajectories. Semmelweis Study, Hungary's most extensive workplace cohort study, offers unique opportunity integrate assessment into its longitudinal design, providing novel insights how influences outcomes. Complementing this research, Semmelweis-EUniWell Workplace Health Promotion Program translates actionable interventions, designed enhance employee well-being productivity. Drawing from best practices, including Blue Zones Mediterranean-inspired Hungary can position cornerstone agenda. Incorporating PIL-focused strategies programs national policies holds potential extend healthspan, reduce healthcare costs, foster resilient purposeful population. highlights transformative addressing multifaceted advancing goals.

Language: Английский

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Association between red and processed meat consumption and colorectal cancer risk: a comprehensive meta-analysis of prospective studies

GeroScience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 10, 2025

Abstract Increasing evidence suggests that red and processed meat consumption may elevate the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), yet magnitude consistency this association remain debated. This meta-analysis aims to quantify relationship between intake CRC, colon cancer, rectal using most comprehensive set prospective studies date. We conducted a search in PubMed, Web Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Google Scholar databases from 1990 November 2024, identify relevant examining red, processed, total relation colorectal, colon, risk. Hazard ratios (HR) 95% confidence intervals (CI) were extracted for each study pooled random-effects model account variability among studies. Statistical evaluation was executed online platform MetaAnalysisOnline.com. A 60 included. Red associated with significantly increased (HR = 1.22, CI 1.15–1.30), 1.15, 1.10–1.21), 1.07–1.39). Processed showed similar associations 1.13, 1.07–1.20), 1.21, 1.14–1.28), 1.17, 1.05–1.30). Total also correlated an elevated 1.11–1.35), 1.12–1.22), 1.28, 1.10–1.48). provides robust high meats is cancers. These findings reinforce current dietary recommendations advocating limitation as part prevention strategies.

Language: Английский

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Sleep disorders increase the risk of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, and cognitive decline: a meta-analysis

GeroScience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 11, 2025

Abstract Sleep disorders, particularly insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea, are increasingly implicated as significant contributors to cognitive decline, dementia, neurodegenerative diseases such Alzheimer’s disease (AD) vascular impairment dementia (VCID). However, the extent specificity of these associations remain uncertain. This meta-analysis evaluates impact common disorders on risk developing decline. A comprehensive search literature was conducted identify prospective cohort studies assessing risk. Studies reporting estimates for AD, or decline associated with insomnia, other (e.g., restless legs syndrome, circadian rhythm excessive daytime sleepiness) were included. Meta-analyses performed using a random-effects model calculate pooled hazard ratios (HRs) 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Thirty-nine included, subgroup analyses showing between all-cause apnea (HR 1.33, CI 1.09–1.61), 1.36, 1.19–1.55), 1.24–1.43). Obstructive increased AD 1.45, 1.24–1.69), though its association did not reach statistical significance 1.35, 0.99–1.84). Insomnia significantly both 1.59, 1.01–2.51) 1.49, 1.27–1.74). highlights critical role in risk, emphasizing need early detection management disturbances. Targeted interventions could play pivotal reducing among high-risk populations.

Language: Английский

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Inadequate sleep increases stroke risk: evidence from a comprehensive meta-analysis of incidence and mortality

GeroScience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 12, 2025

Abstract The link between abnormal sleep duration and stroke outcomes remains contentious. This meta-analysis quantifies how both short long durations impact incidence mortality. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Google Scholar up to November 1, 2024, identify cohort studies evaluating outcomes. Meta-analysis performed using MetaAnalysisOnline.com a random-effects model estimate pooled hazard ratios (HRs). Results were visualized through Forest Funnel plots. Analysis 43 (35 on incidence, 8 mortality) revealed significant associations Short (≤ 5–6 h) associated with increased (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.19–1.40, p < 0.01) modestly elevated mortality 1.12, 1.01–1.25, = 0.03). Long (> 8–9 demonstrated stronger 1.46, 1.33–1.60, 1.45, 1.31–1.60, 0.01). Significant heterogeneity observed ( I 2 74–75%), while analyses showed moderate low 35–40%). highlights U-shaped association risk, linked higher These findings underscore the importance balanced as modifiable risk factor prevention strategies provide foundation for Semmelweis Study, prospective workplace investigating role lifestyle factors unhealthy cerebrovascular brain aging.

Language: Английский

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Imbalanced sleep increases mortality risk by 14–34%: a meta-analysis

GeroScience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 12, 2025

Abstract Sleep duration is a crucial factor influencing health outcomes, yet its relationship with mortality remains debated. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to investigate the association between short and long sleep all-cause in adults, including sex-specific differences. A systematic search was performed multiple databases, PubMed, Cochrane Central, Web of Science, up October 2024. Retrospective prospective cohort studies involving adults at least 1 year follow-up data on were included. Hazard ratios pooled using random-effects model, subgroup analyses based sex categories. total 79 included, stratified by categorized into durations. Short (< 7 h per night) associated 14% increase risk compared reference 7–8 h, hazard ratio 1.14 (95% CI 1.10 1.18). Conversely, (≥ 9 34% higher mortality, 1.34 1.26 1.42). Sex-specific indicated that both durations significantly elevated men women, although effect more pronounced for women. Both are increased though degree varies sex. These findings underscore importance considering optimal public strategies enhancing longevity highlight need approaches research.

Language: Английский

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Sitagliptin attenuates L-dopa-induced dyskinesia by regulating mitochondrial proteins and neuronal activity in a 6-OHDA-induced mouse model of Parkinson’s disease

Journal of Neural Transmission, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 17, 2025

Language: Английский

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