Guidelines of care for the management of primary cutaneous melanoma

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 80(1), P. 208 - 250

Published: Nov. 1, 2018

Language: Английский

---

Immune checkpoint inhibitor–related dermatologic adverse events

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 83(5), P. 1255 - 1268

Published: May 23, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Severe cutaneous adverse reactions induced by targeted anticancer therapies and immunotherapies

Cancer Management and Research, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: Volume 10, P. 1259 - 1273

Published: May 1, 2018

Abstract: With the increasing use of targeted anticancer drugs and immunotherapies, there have been a substantial number reports concerning life-threatening severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs), including Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), drug rash with eosinophilia systemic symptoms, drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome, acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis. Although potential risks characteristics for agent- immunotherapy-induced SCAR were not well understood, these serious usually result in morbidity sequela. As treatment guideline this devastating condition is still unavailable, prompt withdrawal causative believed to be priority patient management. In review, we outline distinct types SCARs caused by therapies immunotherapies. Also, discuss clinical course, latency, concomitant medication, tolerability rechallenge or alternatives, tumor response, mortality associated conditions. Imatinib, vemurafenib, rituximab top three offending medications that most commonly SJS/TEN, while EGFR inhibitors group frequently induced SJS/TEN. For symptoms/drug-induced pustulosis, imatinib was also common drug. Additionally, delineated 10 cases related innovative PD1 CTLA4 inhibitors. There wide range latency periods: 5.5–91 days (median). Only eight 16 reported patients showed responses. Targeted immunotherapies can lead lethal (14 deceased identified as suffering from SJS/TEN). The rate TEN high: up 52.4%. information compiled herein will serve solid foundation formulate ideas early recognition discontinue better Keywords: rash, eosinophilia, necrolysis, therapy, immunotherapy

Language: Английский

---

European recommendations for management of immune checkpoint inhibitors‐derived dermatologic adverse events. The EADV task force ‘Dermatology for cancer patients’ position statement

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 36(3), P. 332 - 350

Published: Dec. 15, 2021

The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) opened a new era in oncologic therapy. favourable profile ICIs terms efficacy and safety can be overshadowed by the development immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Dermatologic irAEs (dirAEs) appear about 40% patients undergoing immunotherapy mainly include maculopapular, psoriasiform, lichenoid eczematous rashes, auto-immune bullous disorders, pigmentary pruritus, oral mucosal lesions, hair nail changes, as well few rare potentially life-threatening toxicities. EADV task force Dermatology for Cancer Patients merged clinical experience so-far published data, incorporated quantitative qualitative characteristics each specific dirAEs, released dermatology-derived, phenotype-specific treatment recommendations cutaneous toxicities (including levels evidence grades recommendation). basic principle management is that interventions should tailored to serve equilibrium between patients' relief from symptoms signs skin toxicity preservation an unimpeded treatment.

Language: Английский

---

Cutaneous Adverse Events Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Review Article

Current Oncology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29(4), P. 2871 - 2886

Published: April 18, 2022

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as novel options that are effective in treating various cancers. They monoclonal antibodies target cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), and death-ligand (PD-L1). However, activation of the immune systems through ICIs may concomitantly trigger a constellation immunologic symptoms signs, termed immune-related adverse events (irAEs), with skin being most commonly involved organ. The dermatologic toxicities observed nearly half patients treated ICIs, mainly form maculopapular rash pruritus. In majority cases, these cutaneous irAEs self-limiting manageable, continuation is possible. This review provides an overview variable ICI-mediated reactions describes clinical histopathologic presentation. Early accurate diagnosis, recognition severe toxicities, appropriate management key goals to achieve favorable outcomes quality life cancer patients.

Language: Английский

---

Molecular Mechanisms of Cutaneous Immune-Related Adverse Events (irAEs) Induced by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Current Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(7), P. 6805 - 6819

Published: July 18, 2023

Over the past few decades, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as promising therapeutic options for treatment of various cancers. These novel treatments effectively target key mediators pathways. Currently, ICIs primarily consist monoclonal antibodies that specifically block cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), death-ligand (PD-L1), and lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3). Despite notable efficacy in cancer treatment, they can also trigger immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which present autoimmune-like or inflammatory conditions. IrAEs potential to affect multiple organ systems, with cutaneous toxicities being most commonly observed. Although irAEs are typically low-grade severity usually be managed effectively, there cases where severe become life-threatening. Therefore, early recognition a comprehensive understanding mechanisms underlying crucial improving clinical outcomes patients. However, precise pathogenesis remains unclear. This review focuses on skin manifestations induced by ICIs, prognosis related irAEs, exploration involved irAEs.

Language: Английский

---

Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Review of the Eighth Edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging Guidelines, Prognostic Factors, and Histopathologic Variants

Advances in Anatomic Pathology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 24(4), P. 171 - 194

Published: June 6, 2017

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common form of nonmelanoma skin cancer after basal and accounts for majority cancer-related deaths. In 2017, American Joint Committee on Cancer revised staging guidelines cutaneous to reflect recent evidence concerning high-risk clinicopathologic features. This update reviews literature prognostic features staging, including eighth edition Staging Manual. A wide range histopathologic variants exists, several which are associated with aggressive behavior. review variants, emphasizing diagnostic pitfalls, immuhistochemical findings significance, included. Of note, Manual refers head neck only.

Language: Английский

---

Melanoma: An update on systemic therapies

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 86(3), P. 515 - 524

Published: Dec. 13, 2021

Language: Английский

---

Topical Nanoemulgel for the Treatment of Skin Cancer: Proof-of-Technology

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 902 - 902

Published: June 18, 2021

The present study is a mechanistic validation of ‘proof-of-technology’ for the effective topical delivery chrysin nanoemulgel localized, efficient treatment melanoma-affected skin. Background: Currently available treatments skin cancer are inefficient due to systemic side effects and poor transcutaneous permeation, thereby presenting formidable challenge development novel nanocarriers. Methods: We opted approach formulated nanocomplex system composed hydrophobic dissolved in lipid mix, which was further nanoemulsified Pluronic® F-127 gel enhance physicochemical biopharmaceutic characteristics. Chrysin, flavone extracted from passion flowers, exhibits potential anti-cancer activities; however, it has limited applicability its solubility. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed identify best self-nanoemulsifying region by varying compositions oil, Caproyl® 90 surfactant, Tween® 80, co-solvent Transcutol® HP. Chrysin-loaded nanoemulsifying characterized various properties. Results: This thermodynamically stable, self-emulsifying drug showed mean droplet size 156.9 nm, polydispersity index 0.26, viscosity 9100 cps after dispersion gel. Mechanical characterization using Texture Analyzer exhibited that had hardness 487 g adhesiveness 500 g. Ex vivo permeation through rat abdominal revealed significant improvement percutaneous absorption measured as flux, apparent permeability coefficient, steady-state diffusion deposition. In vitro cytotoxicity on A375 SK-MEL-2 cell lines significantly improved therapeutic effect, thus ensuring reduction dose. safety product established biocompatibility testing L929 line. Conclusion: Aqueous, gel-based, topical, promising technology localized will help reduce frequency overall dose usage ultimately improve index.

Language: Английский

---

Cutaneous Adverse Events of Targeted Therapies for Hematolymphoid Malignancies

Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma & Leukemia, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 17(12), P. 834 - 851

Published: July 14, 2017

Language: Английский

---