Gliomas in adults: Guidance on Investigations, Diagnosis, Treatment & Surveillance

Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 100240 - 100240

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Primary brain tumours are rare but carry a significant morbidity and mortality burden. Malignant gliomas the most common subtype their incidence is increasing within our ageing population. The diagnosis treatment of involves substantial interplay between multiple specialties, including general medical physicians, radiologists, pathologists, surgeons, oncologists allied health professionals. At any point along this pathway, patients can present to acute medicine with complications cancer or anti-cancer therapy. Increasing awareness malignant among physicians paramount delivering prompt radiological histopathological diagnoses, facilitating access earlier individualised options allows for effective recognition management anticipated complications. This article discusses evidence-based real-world practice gliomas, encompassing patient presentation, diagnostic pathways, treatments complications, prognosis guide outside specialist centres.

Language: Английский

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Efficacy and safety of levetiracetam in preventing postoperative seizures in adult patients with brain tumors: a meta-analysis

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 7, 2025

Seizures are one of the most common symptoms in patients with brain tumor. The efficacy prophylactic antiepileptic agents reducing postoperative seizures tumor remains disputed. We conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate and safety levetiracetam preventing adult gathered studies comparing effectiveness other drugs individuals from 2008 2023. used search terms levetiracetam, tumor, prevention, retrieve relevant Pubmed, Medline, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang databases. was using RevMav 5.3 software. After literature screening, nine English-language involving a total 2,433 were analyzed. revealed that had higher for overall than control intervention (odds ratio [OR] 0.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.44-0.71, p < 0.00001). Subgroup analyses superior sodium valproate (OR 0.53, CI 0.39-0.72, 0.0001) phenytoin 0.35, 0.19-0.62, = 0.0004). No statistically significant difference early seizure prophylaxis 0.55, 0.15-2.04, 0.37) observed. subgroup analysis better phenytion 0.13, 0.03-0.56, 0.006). noted preventive against late 0.75, 0.27-2.03, 0.57). incidence adverse drug reactions lower group 0.18, 0.05-0.64, 0.008). Further 0.06, 0.02-0.21, 0.001). Prophylactic decreases frequency seizures, particularly valproate. In addition, induced only minor effects, occurrence rate Nevertheless, potential bias exists. Due limited number high-quality randomized controlled trials included meta-analysis, prospective, multicenter, ethnically diverse, on essential determine managing seizures. https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2023-6-0091/.

Language: Английский

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Epilepsy in Patients with Pediatric Brain tumors: Etiology, Treatment & Management

Seminars in Pediatric Neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101187 - 101187

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Repurposing Antiepileptic Drugs for Cancer: A Promising Therapeutic Strategy

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 2673 - 2673

Published: April 14, 2025

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by repeated convulsions. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are the main course of therapy for epilepsy. These medications given according to each patient’s personal medical history and types seizures they suffer. They have been employed decades manage epilepsy, thus delivering relief from through numerous mechanisms action. Aside their anticonvulsant attributes, current evidence suggests that certain AEDs may display potential inhibitory effects against cancer invasion metastasis. This review explored complicated interactions between modes action pathways causing cancer, impact on metastasis various forms while addressing associated side effects. For example, valproic acid inhibits histone deacetylase, hyperacetylation genes, especially those regulating cell cycle, culminating in cycle arrest. Topiramate carbonic anhydrase, disrupting acidic microenvironment needed cells thrive. Lacosamide increases slow inactivation voltage gated Na+ channel, inhibiting growth, proliferation, many cancers. Although drug development complex task due regulatory, intellectual property, economic challenges, researchers exploring repurposing tactics overcome these challenges find new therapeutic alternatives diseases like cancer. Thus, considered among most effective ways develop candidates using novel properties characteristics, this also discusses issues.

Language: Английский

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Malignant glioma remodeling of neuronal circuits: therapeutic opportunities and repurposing of antiepileptic drugs

Trends in cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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