Comparison of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Combined with Metformin Versus Metformin Alone in the Management of PCOS: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis

Reproductive Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Language: Английский

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Ovarian Aging: The Silent Catalyst of Age-Related Disorders in Female Body

Aging and Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 0 - 0

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Age-related diseases have emerged as a global concern the population ages. Consequently, understanding underlying causes of aging and exploring potential anti-aging interventions is imperative. In females, ovaries serve principal organs responsible for ovulation production female hormones. The are related to infertility, menopause, associated menopausal syndromes, with menopause representing culmination ovarian aging. Current evidence indicates that may contribute dysfunction across multiple organ systems, including, but not limited to, cognitive impairment, osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease. Nevertheless, due widespread distribution sex hormone receptors throughout body, affects only these specific also influences broader spectrum age-related in women. Despite this, impact on overall has been largely neglected. This review provides thorough summary diseases, encompassing nervous, circulatory, locomotor, urinary, digestive, respiratory, endocrine systems. Additionally, we outlined prospective therapeutic approaches addressing both aim mitigating their impacts preserving women's fertility, physical health, psychological well-being.

Language: Английский

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Impact of Different Anti-Hyperglycaemic Treatments on Bone Turnover Markers and Bone Mineral Density in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(14), P. 7988 - 7988

Published: July 22, 2024

Diabetic bone disease (DBD) is a frequent complication in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), characterised by altered mineral density (BMD) and turnover marker (BTMs) levels. The impact of different anti-diabetic medications on the skeleton remains unclear, studies have reported conflicting results; thus, need for comprehensive systematic review paramount importance. A search was conducted PubMed Cochrane Library. primary outcomes assessed were changes BMD relation to anatomical sites BTMs, including mainly P1NP CTX as well OPG, OCN, B-ALP RANK-L. Risk bias evaluated using JADAD score. meta-analysis 19 randomised controlled trials comprising 4914 showed that overall increased at lumbar spine (SMD: 0.93, 95% CI [0.13, 1.73], p = 0.02), femoral neck 1.10, [0.47, 1.74], 0.0007) total hip 0.33, [-0.25, 0.92], 0.27) comparison placebo, but when compared metformin, effect favoured metformin over other treatments -0.23, [-0.39, -0.07], 0.004). GLP-1 receptor agonists insulin analogues seem improve while SGLT2 inhibitors thiazolidinediones (TZDs) no significant effect, although studies' number cannot lead safe conclusions. For TZDs significantly levels placebo. However, differences observed CTX, B-ALP, RANK-L between drugs or High heterogeneity diverse follow-up durations among evident, which obscures validity results. This highlights variable effects DBD T2DM patients, emphasising long-term robust designs better understand these relationships inform clinical decisions.

Language: Английский

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Repurposing of Metabolic Drugs Metformin and Simvastatin as an Emerging Class of Cancer Therapeutics

Pharmaceutical Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Language: Английский

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Comparison of Metformin and Metformin Plus Liraglutide for Treating Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)

Indus journal of bioscience research., Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 3(3), P. 238 - 243

Published: March 18, 2025

Background: This study compares the effectiveness of metformin (MET) monotherapy versus a combination MET and liraglutide (LIRA) in managing metabolic syndrome overweight women with polycystic ovary (PCOS), focusing on weight reduction body mass index (BMI). Methods: A prospective cohort was conducted at Lady Dufferin Hospital, Karachi from April 2024 to Oct 2024, involving 70 aged 18–40 years, diagnosed PCOS based Rotterdam criteria, having BMI ≥ 27.5 kg/m². Participants were randomly assigned into two groups: Group received (1500 mg/day), B mg/day) plus LIRA (1.2 for 12 weeks. Baseline post-treatment outcomes, including weight, BMI, waist circumference, lipid profiles, analyzed. Results: Both treatment regimens significantly improved parameters. demonstrated superior results an average loss 10.30 ± 1.30 kg 3.72 0.67, compared A’s 5.99 2.87 2.24 1.07 (p < 0.001). Improvements triglyceride levels, HDL cholesterol, circumference more pronounced B. However, no significant changes hypertension parameters observed either group. Conclusion: The is effective than patients. dual therapy offers enhanced benefits, potentially improving both reproductive overall health. Further long-term, multicenter studies are warranted explore its broader impacts sustainability.

Language: Английский

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Pharmacokinetics and Safety of a Fixed‐Dose Combination of Alogliptin and Extended‐Release Metformin Under Fasting and/or Fed Conditions in Healthy Adults

Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 16, 2025

Abstract This phase 1, randomized, open‐label, 2 × crossover study evaluated the bioequivalence of fixed‐dose combination (FDC) formulations alogliptin (ALO) and metformin extended‐release (MET XR) compared to their individual assessed effect food on FDC pharmacokinetics in healthy participants. The comprised high‐dose (ALO 25 mg/MET XR 1000 mg) low‐dose 12.5 500 mg), both conducted under fasting conditions, fed conditions. Among enrolled participants, 46 50 completed study, 45 51 22 26 study. Plasma concentrations were analyzed using liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. geometric mean ratios AUC last C max for versus within range (0.80‐1.25) ALO MET XR. ALO's unaffected by food, while exhibited a significant effect, with increasing factor 1.63 T delayed hours. Given these findings, should be administered consistent monotherapy recommendations.

Language: Английский

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Inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis in type 2 diabetes by metformin: complementary role of nitric oxide

Medical Gas Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 507 - 519

Published: April 29, 2025

Metformin is the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Type mellitus associated with decreased nitric oxide bioavailability, which has significant metabolic implications, including enhanced insulin secretion and peripheral glucose utilization. Similar to metformin, also inhibits hepatic production, mainly by suppressing gluconeogenesis. This review explores combined effects of metformin on gluconeogenesis proposes potential a hybrid metformin-nitric drug managing Both inhibit through overlapping distinct mechanisms. In gluconeogenesis, mitochondrial oxaloacetate exported cytoplasm via various pathways, malate, direct, aspartate, fumarate pathways. The exportation are complementary; primarily malate pathway, while strongly aspartate Furthermore, effectively blocks from lactate, glycerol, glutamine, whereas alanine-induced Additionally, contributes adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase-dependent inhibition induced metformin. use offers mitigate common side effects. For example, lactic acidosis, known effect linked deficiency, oxidative nitrosative stress caused could be counterbalanced metformin’s enhancement glutathione. amplifies -induced activation kinase. conclusion, can benefit patients enhancing decreasing required dose maintaining optimal glycemia, lowering incidence metformin-associated acidosis.

Language: Английский

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Role of polymorphism of MTHFR, MTR, MTRR, FUT2 genes in the risk of developing polycystic ovary syndrome

Pacific Medical Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 1, P. 40 - 44

Published: May 11, 2025

Objective: To determine the MTHFR rs1801133, MTR rs1805087, MTRR rs1801394, and FUT2 rs602662 genes frequency an influence of their polymorphism on level homocysteine, folic acid, vitamin B 12 to establish link risk polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) development. Materials methods: 136 PCOS patients 117 healthy women were provided health check-ups. The content in blood serum was examined using immunochemiluminescent assay (DxI800 analyzer, Beckman Coulter). determined buccal epithelial scrapes by polymerase chain reaction Bio-Rad CFX96 DNA amplifier (Novosibirsk, Russia, LLC "Basis Genotech"). Statistical analysis carried out StatTech program v. 4.7.0. Results: indicators group control significantly different ( p < 0.05). A direct correlation relationship r = 0.196, ρ 0.022) between body mass index homocysteine with revealed. T/T rs1801133 genotype more common compared (OR 3.77). Homocysteine levels differed genotypes 0.007); carriage accompanied elevated C/T C/C. A/A rs1801394 women; OR 0.57 may serve as a protective factor. G/G is 1.94). Differences found for A/G rs1805087 2.23; CI 1.31–3.77). Conclusion: developing linked genotypes. patients.

Language: Английский

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Metformin-mediated effects on mesenchymal stem cells and mechanisms: proliferation, differentiation and aging

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Aug. 13, 2024

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a type of pluripotent adult cell with strong self-renewal and multi-differentiation abilities. Their excellent biological traits, minimal immunogenicity, abundant availability have made them the perfect seed for treating wide range diseases. After more than 60 years clinical practice, metformin is currently one most commonly used hypoglycaemic drugs 2 diabetes in practice. In addition, has shown great potential treatment various systemic diseases except recent years, mechanisms involved antioxidant stress, anti-inflammatory, induced autophagy, etc. This article reviews effects underlying on properties, including proliferation, multi-differentiation, aging, MSCs vitro vivo aim providing theoretical support in-depth scientific research applications MSCs-mediated disease treatment.

Language: Английский

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A multimodal approach for treating post-acute infectious syndrome

Brain medicine :, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 7

Published: Aug. 30, 2024

Long-term complications, such as extensive fatigue and cognitive issues, are known from various infections, including SARS-CoV-2, influenza virus, or Borrelia burgdorferi . The pathology is mostly unknown differs between patients. Unfortunately, there currently no common effective treatment. In this perspective, we imply that post-acute infectious syndromes due to a variety of factors, among others diminished tissue perfusion, infiltration by viruses, inflammation, oxidative stress, not one specific biomarker can be used measure these syndromes. Thus, suggest score based on number criteria/factors should assess Consequently, probably single treatment treat group patients, multimodal regimen comprising combination pharmacotherapy, metformin naltrexone with anti-inflammatory effects, alongside physical therapies extracorporeal apheresis transcutaneous neurotherapy. This combined approach aims reduce levels enhance functions. implies reset the systems achieved for

Language: Английский

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