High‐Field Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Median, Tibial, and Sural Nerves in Type 2 Diabetes With Morphometric Analysis

Journal of Neuroimaging, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 35(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Background and Purpose The primary objective was to compare diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scalar parameters of peripheral nerves between subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) those without diabetes. Secondarily, we aimed correlate DTI nerve morphometric properties. Methods Median, tibial, sural were harvested from 34 male cadavers (17 T2DM, 17 nondiabetic). Each divided into three segments. initial segment scanned using 9.4 Tesla MRI system (three‐dimensional pulsed‐gradient spin‐echo sequence). scalars calculated region‐average diffusion‐weighted signals. Second optically cleared, acquired optical projection tomography (OPT), analyzed for morphometrical Toluidine‐stained sections prepared last segment, axon‐ myelin‐related properties evaluated. Results median tibial comparable the groups, while T2DM exhibited on average 41% higher mean diffusivity (MD) ( p = 0.03), 38% radial (RD) 27% lower fractional anisotropy (FA) 0.005). Significant differences in toluidine‐evaluated observed a positive correlation FA fiber density 0.0001) myelin proportion < an inverse RD 0.003). OPT‐measured did not parameters. Conclusions High‐field shows promise as technique detecting axonal changes small ex vivo. reduced decreased content, which can be likely contribute reduction increased MD/RD.

Language: Английский

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Application of NerveCheck Master in the Diagnosis of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Diabetology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 3 - 3

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Backgraund/Objetive: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is a condition that affects the motor, sensory, and autonomic fibers of nervous system, with distal polyneuropathy being its most common form. Traditional methods for diagnosing sensory loss, such as tactile assessment, temperature evaluation, vibratory perception threshold testing, are labor intensive time consuming. Results: To effectively assess thermal sensitivity, NerveCheck Master an affordable portable device uses standardized stimuli to measure response. Conclusions: Compared traditional like infrared laser thermometer, Rydel–Seiffer tuning fork, Semmes–Weinstein monofilament, this provides definitive results regarding severity DPN.

Language: Английский

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Enhanced Therapy for Diabetic Neuropathy Utilizing Venlafaxine Hydrochloride-Loaded Transferosome-Based Transdermal Gel

Nano Trends, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 9, P. 100085 - 100085

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Language: Английский

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Autonomic nervous system imbalance in diabetic mouse choroids

Tissue and Cell, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 94, P. 102798 - 102798

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Language: Английский

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Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Diabetes: Shedding Light on a Widespread Oversight

Pathophysiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 32(1), P. 9 - 9

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Diabetes mellitus represents a complicated metabolic condition marked by ongoing hyperglycemia arising from impaired insulin secretion, inadequate action, or combination of both. Mitochondrial dysfunction has emerged as significant contributor to the aetiology diabetes, affecting various processes critical for glucose homeostasis. This review aims elucidate complex link between mitochondrial and covering spectrum diabetes types, role mitochondria in resistance, highlighting pathophysiological mechanisms, DNA damage, altered biogenesis dynamics. Additionally, it discusses clinical implications complications its complications, diagnostic approaches assessing function diabetics, therapeutic strategies, future directions, research opportunities.

Language: Английский

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α-asarone activates mitophagy to relieve diabetic encephalopathy via inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative stress

Metabolic Brain Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 40(2)

Published: Feb. 15, 2025

Language: Английский

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A cross-sectional study to determinate the relationship between body composition & neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Published: Feb. 22, 2025

Language: Английский

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Flavonoids regulating NLRP3 inflammasome: a promising approach in alleviating diabetic peripheral neuropathy

Inflammopharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 9, 2025

Abstract A common and serious side effect of diabetes is diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), which characterised by gradual nerve damage brought on oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, prolonged hyperglycemia. Studies identify NLRP3 inflammasome as a key mediator in the pathogenesis DPN, connecting neuroinflammation neuronal to metabolic failure. Because their strong anti-inflammatory antioxidant qualities, flavonoids, broad class naturally occurring polyphenols, have drawn interest potential treatments for DPN. The various ways that flavonoids affect treatment DPN are examined this review. It has been demonstrated prevent activation, lowers release pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β IL-18 causes neuroinflammation. Flavonoids work mechanistically reducing altering important signalling pathways, blocking activities NF-κB caspase-1, both essential activation inflammasome. Preclinical research shown neuroprotective benefits, few clinical evidence also points improve function lessen neuropathic pain patients. current review emphasises how may be used strategy target inflammation caused By targeting inflammatory provide new way slow progression debilitating illness. Further investigation into mechanisms, translation, novel drug delivery techniques could enhance therapeutic efficacy neuropathy. Graphical abstract

Language: Английский

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Burning vertex syndrome: a novel unclassified headache- its preliminary observations, and possible mechanisms

Current Opinion in Neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 10, 2025

Purpose Not all headaches are fully defined or characterized by the current classification systems. The variability in headache descriptions and presentation may be influenced individual group factors, even suggest discovery of a new an atypical phenotype. This paper aims to describe novel syndrome burning sensation on vertex. Recent findings Demographic clinical profiles 25 patients from referral center India were analyzed. presents as episodic, vertex (10–20 cm diameter). Most women (16/25), with mean age 40.96 years (SD+ 0.75). Episodes occurred 1–3 times weekly daily, lasting <4 h (range: 1 min 24 h). Associated symptoms included nausea, vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia, autonomic features (76%). Common comorbidities hypertension, diabetes, polycystic ovarian disease. Neurological exams normal, except for slight local temperature rise 2 patients. Treatment responses varied, though two reported reduced frequency severity after greater occipital nerve (GON) block. Summary is not completely compatible any other primary disorders like nummular headache, migraine, cluster, tension-type headaches. It potentially involves small fiber pathways scalp. Further studies needed better understand its features, gender predilection, mechanisms, biomarkers, treatment options.

Language: Английский

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Remodeling of the Intracardiac Ganglia During the Development of Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutics

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(22), P. 12464 - 12464

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most significant health issues worldwide, with associated healthcare costs estimated to surpass USD 1054 billion by 2045. The leading cause death in T2DM patients development cardiovascular disease (CVD). In early stages T2DM, develop autonomic dysfunction due withdrawal cardiac parasympathetic activity. Diminished tone can lead arrhythmia-related sudden death, which accounts for 50% CVD-related deaths patients. Regulation activity integrated neural circuitry at multiple levels including afferent, central, and efferent components. Efferent control mediated through preganglionic neurons located extensions vagus nerve that signals postganglionic intracardiac ganglia (ICG) on heart. Postganglionic exert local heart, independent higher brain centers, release neurotransmitters, such as acetylcholine. Structural functional alterations contribute tone, resulting arrhythmogenesis death. This review provides an overview remodeling ICG, potential mechanisms contributing ventricular arrhythmogenesis, T2DM. Improving could be a therapeutic avenue reduce malignant arrhythmia increasing both lifespan improving quality life

Language: Английский

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