Zuranolone – synthetic neurosteroid in treatment of mental disorders: narrative review

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Dec. 5, 2023

With each passing year, the number of people suffering from mental disorders grows at a disturbing speed. Neuroactive steroids are new promising group drugs with potential for use in many diseases like postpartum depression, postnatal psychosis, major insomnia, bipolar disorder, and Parkinson’s tremor, due to their ability modulate activity GABA A receptor. Neurosteroids progesterone metabolites that synthesized cholesterol or steroid hormones various brain regions. They regulate neuronal development, regeneration, neurotransmission. implicated mood disorders, anxiety schizophrenia, PTSD, impulsive aggression. have been studied prevent treat neurodegenerative such as Alzheimer’s disease HIV-associated dementia. can promote neurogenesis, survival, myelination, memory function. also affect growth sensitivity hormone-dependent tumors gliomas. Zuranolone, newly registered neurosteroid drug has shown huge flexibility both clinical ambulatory treatment thanks its pharmacokinetic traits, especially possibility oral administration, unlike predecessor Brexanolone. Zuranolone is synthetic positive allosteric modulator GABAA receptor be taken orally. The review aims summarize current knowledge on zuranolone novel which this was meant originally. It covers studies indexed PubMed, Scopus, Web Science databases published since 2017. Keywords used search, well inclusion exclusion criteria, given methodology section. explains evidence role neurosteroids, allopregnanolone, pathophysiology depression. discusses mechanisms action, changes levels during pregnancy postpartum, trials brexanolone zuranolone, two analogs provides an overview biosynthesis metabolism neurosteroids central peripheral nervous system. Furthermore, it different sources pathways production factors influence synthesis regulation, stress, hormones, drugs, genetic variations. explores relevance other psychiatric post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Finally, highlights associations between symptom severity effects modulation mood, cognition, neuroplasticity.

Language: Английский

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The effect of perceived social support on postpartum stress: the mediating roles of marital satisfaction and maternal postnatal attachment

BMC Women s Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Sept. 11, 2023

Abstract Background Multiple factors may be responsible for the development of postpartum stress, including perceived social support, marital satisfaction, and maternal postnatal attachment. However, underlying mediation mechanisms remain unclear. This study examined complex relationships between support stress among Chinese women. Methods A convenience sample comprising 406 women was recruited from six hospitals in Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China. The participants completed general survey questionnaires were evaluated using Maternal Postpartum Stress Scale, Perceived Social Support Postnatal Attachment Marital Satisfaction Scale. Furthermore, we relationship various influencing by performing a multiple linear regression analysis. potential mediating roles satisfaction infant attachment association explored Results According to multivariate analysis, contributed levels ( P < 0.05). analysis revealed that played parallel effect − 0.1125 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.1784 -0.0520), accounting 33.20% total effect, 0.0847 CI: -0.1304 -0.0438), 25.00% effect. Conclusion Our could influence not only through direct (41.80% effect), but also indirect (mediation effect) (58.20% suggesting improving women’s enhancing attachment, their help lower stress.

Language: Английский

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“It shows you your fears”: a qualitative analysis and psychoanalytic interpretation of the psychotic content of postpartum psychosis

Psychosis, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 14

Published: April 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Role of Chronic Stress in the Pathogenesis of Ischemic Heart Disease in Women

Comprehensive physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Psychological stress has emerged as a critical risk factor for cardiovascular disease, especially in women. While female participation clinical research improved, sex‐specific data analysis and reporting often remain inadequate, limiting our ability to draw definitive conclusions Conversely, preclinical studies consistently demonstrate adverse effects of on health, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying this association elusive. Evidence suggests that IHD pathogenesis is more complex than males, involving multiple factors, including inflammation, contractile dysfunction, bioenergetic impairment, remodeling. However, many these are primarily derived from male studies, investigations models limited, hindering understanding biological pathways. This particularly concerning given increasing prevalence ischemic heart disease postmenopausal In order fully elucidate impact cardiac health develop targeted interventions, further essential.

Language: Английский

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Pharmacotherapy of postpartum depression: An update

Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 1 - 9

Published: Feb. 15, 2025

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a mood disorder with depressive symptoms during perinatal period. It negatively impacts women, child, family, and society hence must be promptly diagnosed adequately treated. Etiopathogenesis of postpartum not known but hypothesized to complex interplay among various maternal, biological, psychosocial, genetic factors. Maternal factors encompass high or tender age at pregnancy, while the biological include fluctuation hormones like estrogen progesterone period dysfunction HPA-axis. Recognized psychosocial are history depression, anxiety stressful life events blue symptoms, single status, lower educational level, multiple offsprings, poor marital relationship low socioeconomic status. Genetic variations in hemicentin-1 (HMCN1) gene have been found increased susceptibility PPD. Women PPD presents fatigue, sadness anhedonia, impaired concentration, irritability, guilt, psychomotor agitation, sleep disturbances changes appetite weight. Management multidisciplinary approach encompasses complementary health practices, psychological interventions, pharmacotherapy, somatic therapy. Complementary practices educating women about self-care growing treatment-seeking behaviour. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) specifically adapted well-studied interventions for Many drugs antidepressants, used long time treatment their use has approved by any regulatory authorities. The First drug U.S. Food Drug Administration (US FDA) was brexanolone which an injectable. Zuranolone recent addition this category oral one. Both zuranolone indicated severe where antidepressants usually ineffective.

Language: Английский

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Two opposite directions of emotional transformation are present in women after first physiological delivery

Mental Health Review Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 26, 2025

Purpose Postnatal emotional transformation (PET) and its broad implications represent significant medical, psychological social concerns. With the rising occurrences of postnatal disorders, examining direction PET has become increasingly important. The purpose this study is to explore whether consistently follows a uniform course or if directions may vary. All analyses were conducted with dependent variables classified into domains positive negative emotions. Design/methodology/approach This was prospective observational involving cohort women, no control group interventions. A total 92 women completed study. assessed using four standardised questionnaires, measurements taken on third day during 13th-week postpartum. Findings Two subgroups participants identified: one experiencing adverse other favourable directions. In subgroup, decline in well-being observed across both domains, whereas subgroup showed marked improvement. Questionnaire results within emotion correlated positively, while correlations between these negative. Originality/value provides fresh perspective by challenging assumption direction. Unlike many studies focused depression specific examines as dynamic process varying outcomes. contrasting between-domain offer new insights interplay emotions These findings inform diagnosis, prognosis treatment planning for care.

Language: Английский

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Mother’s maladies: understanding the intricacies of postpartum psychosis and motherhood through Jerry Pinto’sEm and the Big Hoom

Medical Humanities, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. medhum - 013183

Published: May 11, 2025

Motherhood, a familiar yet complex phenomenon, is informed by many factors whose consequences for women are often detrimental undermined. Particularly in India, discourse surrounding mothers’ health disregards the social and familial expectations impositions that threaten women’s authority over their own bodies. Amidst this, postpartum disorders, particularly concept of psychosis, embody anomalies medical knowledge bases. Addressing ambiguities interconnectedness motherhood madness, this paper discusses simplification concerns as biological condition alone explores complexities diagnosis based on Em’s aetiologies. psychopathological nuances also advocates destigmatising apprehensions regarding structural obligation broadening reproductive autonomy.

Language: Английский

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Bridging Neurobiological Insights and Clinical Biomarkers in Postpartum Depression: A Narrative Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(16), P. 8835 - 8835

Published: Aug. 14, 2024

Postpartum depression (PPD) affects 174 million women worldwide and is characterized by profound sadness, anxiety, irritability, debilitating fatigue, which disrupt maternal caregiving the mother–infant relationship. Limited pharmacological interventions are currently available. Our understanding of neurobiological pathophysiology PPD remains incomplete, potentially hindering development novel treatment strategies. Recent hypotheses suggest that driven a complex interplay hormonal changes, neurotransmitter imbalances, inflammation, genetic factors, psychosocial stressors, hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation. This narrative review examines recent clinical studies on within past 15 years, emphasizing advancements in neuroimaging findings blood biomarker detection. Additionally, we summarize laboratory work using animal models to mimic PPD, focusing hormone withdrawal, HPA dysfunction, perinatal stress theories. We also revisit results from several brain regions associated with negative emotions, such as amygdala, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum. These insights aim improve our PPD’s mechanisms, guiding future research for better early detection, prevention, personalized strategies affected their families.

Language: Английский

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The criminalization of women with postpartum psychosis: “a call for action” for judicial change

Archives of Women s Mental Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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Postpartum Psychosis: A Review of Risk Factors, Clinical Picture, Management, Prevention, and Psychosocial Determinants

Medical Science Monitor, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29

Published: Nov. 3, 2023

Postpartum psychosis is rare, but a serious clinical and social problem. On its own, it not included in DSM-5 (Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) or ICD-10 (International Classification Diseases Related Health Problems) as disease entity, current diagnostic criteria equate with other psychoses. This poses legal problem makes difficult to classify. The disorder caused by complex combination biological, environmental, cultural factors. exact pathophysiological mechanisms postpartum remain very poorly understood. There need for further research increased knowledge the medical sector prevention early detection prevent stigmatization female patients during psychiatric episode. It necessary regulate position DSM5 ICD-10. Attention should be paid education expectant mothers their families. article aims review status risk factors, prevention, management psychosis.

Language: Английский

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