Diabetic Wound-Healing Science

Medicina, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 57(10), P. 1072 - 1072

Published: Oct. 8, 2021

Diabetes mellitus is an increasingly prevalent chronic metabolic disease characterized by prolonged hyperglycemia that leads to long-term health consequences. It estimated impaired healing of diabetic wounds affects approximately 25% all patients with diabetes mellitus, often resulting in lower limb amputation, subsequent high economic and psychosocial costs. The hyperglycemic environment promotes the formation biofilms makes difficult treat. In this review, we present updates regarding recent advances our understanding pathophysiology focusing on angiogenesis, neuropathy, sub-optimal inflammatory response, barrier disruption, polymicrobial infection, followed current future treatment strategies designed tackle various pathologies associated wounds. Given alarming increase prevalence diabetes, subsequently wounds, it imperative target multiple causes

Language: Английский

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Dietary Fibre Modulates the Gut Microbiota

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 1655 - 1655

Published: May 13, 2021

Dietary fibre has long been established as a nutritionally important, health-promoting food ingredient. Modern dietary practices have seen significant reduction in consumption compared with ancestral habits. This is related to the emergence of low-fibre “Western diets” associated industrialised nations, and linked an increased prevalence gut diseases such inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, type II diabetes mellitus metabolic syndrome. The characteristic parameters these individuals include insulin resistance, high fasting postprandial glucose, well plasma cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) high-density (HDL). Gut microbial signatures are also altered significantly cohorts, suggesting causative link between diet, microbes disease. hypothesised reverse changes through fermentation subsequent production short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), which improves glucose lipid who harbour dysfunctional metabolism. review article examines how different types can differentially alter metabolism microbiota composition function.

Language: Английский

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Short-chain fatty acids in diseases

Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Aug. 18, 2023

Abstract Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the main metabolites produced by bacterial fermentation of dietary fibre in gastrointestinal tract. The absorption SCFAs is mediated substrate transporters, such as monocarboxylate transporter 1 and sodium-coupled 1, which promote cellular metabolism. An increasing number studies have implicated microorganisms crucial executors diet-based microbial influence on host. important fuels for intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) represent a major carbon flux from diet, that decomposed gut microbiota. play vital role multiple molecular biological processes, promoting secretion glucagon-like peptide-1 IECs to inhibit elevation blood glucose, expression G protein-coupled receptors GPR41 GPR43, inhibiting histone deacetylases, participate regulation proliferation, differentiation, function IECs. affect motility, barrier function, host Furthermore, regulatory roles local, intermediate, peripheral metabolisms. Acetate, propionate, butyrate SCFAs, they involved immunity, apoptosis, inflammation, lipid Herein, we review diverse functional this class reflect their ability intestine, metabolic, other diseases.

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiota: An Important Player in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 15, 2022

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the common metabolic diseases in world. Due to rise morbidity and mortality, it has become a global health problem. To date, T2DM still cannot be cured, its intervention measures mainly focus on glucose control as well prevention treatment related complications. Interestingly, gut microbiota plays an important role development diseases, especially T2DM. In this review, we introduce characteristics population, animal models, diabetic addition, describe molecular mechanisms linking host T2DM, including molecules that induce dysbiosis, immune inflammatory responses, microbial metabolites involved pathogenesis. These findings suggest can treat complications by remodeling through interventions such drugs, probiotics, prebiotics, fecal transplantation (FMT) diets.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota influence in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)

Gut Pathogens, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Aug. 6, 2021

Abstract A strong and expanding evidence base supports the influence of gut microbiota in human metabolism. Altered glucose homeostasis is associated with altered microbiota, clearly development type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complications. Understanding causal association between metabolic risk has potential role identifying susceptible individuals to allow early targeted intervention.

Language: Английский

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Dysbiosis and Implication of the Gut Microbiota in Diabetic Retinopathy

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: March 19, 2021

The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is commonly associated with altered gut bacteria. However, whether the microbial dysbiosis that exists in human diabetic patients or without retinopathy different remains largely unknown. Here, we collected clinical information and fecal samples from 75 participants, including 25 (DM), (DR), healthy controls (HC). composition three groups was analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing. Microbial structure differed groups. α β diversities both DM DR were reduced compared those HC group. Blautia most abundant genus, especially In addition, increased levels Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus decreased Escherichia-Shigella, Faecalibacterium , Eubacterium_hallii_group Clostridium genera observed Furthermore, a biomarker set bacterial families, which could distinguish group identified, area under curve values ranging 0.69 to 0.85. Of note, Pasteurellaceae HC, generated high AUC (0.74) as an individual predictive biomarker. Moreover, 14 family biomarkers fasting blood glucose diabetes, them being negatively correlated. summary, our study establishes compositional alterations microbiota DR, suggesting potential use non-invasive for differential diagnosis, well identifying therapeutic targets retinopathy.

Language: Английский

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The Role of the Gut Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Diabetes

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. 480 - 480

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a significant clinical and therapeutic problem because it can lead to serious long-term complications. Its pathogenesis not fully understood, but there are indications that dysbiosis play role in the development of diabetes, or appears during course disease. Changes microbiota composition observed both type 1 diabetes (T1D) 2 (T2D) patients. These modifications associated with pro-inflammation, increased intestinal permeability, endotoxemia, impaired β-cell function insulin resistance. This review summarizes gut healthy individuals changes bacterial be T1D T2D. It also presents new developments therapy based on influencing as promising method alter diabetes. Moreover, highlights lacking data suggests future directions needed prove causal relationship between

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota: A new target for T2DM prevention and treatment

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Aug. 11, 2022

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), one of the fastest growing metabolic diseases, has been characterized by disorders including hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance (IR). In recent years, T2DM become disease in world. Studies have indicated that patients with are often associated intestinal flora dysfunction involving multiple organs. Metabolites flora, such as bile acids (BAs), short-chain fatty (SCFAs) amino (AAs)may influence to some extent decreased sensitivity regulate well immune homeostasis. this paper, we review changes gut mechanisms which microbiota modulates metabolites affecting T2DM, may provide a basis for early identification T2DM-susceptible individuals guide targeted interventions. Finally, also highlight microecological therapeutic strategies focused on shaping inform improvement progression.

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiota Composition in Prediabetes and Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Aug. 15, 2022

Evidence of gut microbiota involvement in regulating glucose metabolism and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) progression is accumulating. The understanding microbial dysbiosis specific alterations composition that occur during the early stages intolerance, unperturbed by anti-diabetic medications, especially essential. Hence, this systematic review was conducted to summarise existing evidence related diversity individuals with prediabetes (preDM) newly diagnosed T2DM (newDM) comparison normal tolerance (nonDM). A search PubMed, MEDLINE CINAHL databases were from inception February 2021 supplemented manual searches list references. primary keywords “type diabetes”, “prediabetes”, “newly-diagnosed” “gut microbiota” used. Observational studies analysis respondents preDM newDM included. quality assessed using modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale independent reviewers. total 18 (5,489 participants) Low generally observed when compared nonDM. Differences between disease groups nonDM inconsistent across included studies. Four out found increased abundance phylum Firmicutes along decreased Bacteroidetes newDM. At genus/species levels, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii , Roseburia Dialister Flavonifractor, Alistipes, Haemophilus Akkermansia muciniphila Lactobacillus, Streptococcus Escherichi a, Veillonella Collinsella at least two Lactobacillus also positively correlate fasting plasma (FPG), HbA1c and/or homeostatic assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) four This renders a need for further investigations on species/strain-specific role endogenously present regulation mechanism progression. dietary intake caused significant variation bacterial abundances. More are needed establish more consistent associations, clinical biomarkers or T2DM.

Language: Английский

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The potential of probiotics in the amelioration of hyperuricemia

Food & Function, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 2394 - 2414

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Probiotics strategies for ameliorating hyperuricemia are promising based on the characteristics of probiotics and uric acid metabolism in humans. The administration could ameliorate its related metabolic disorders.

Language: Английский

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