Construction of a prognostic signature based on T-helper 17 cells differentiation–related genes for predicting survival and tumor microenvironment in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 104(4), P. e41273 - e41273

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

T-helper 17 (Th17) cells significantly influence the onset and advancement of malignancies. This study endeavor focused on delineating molecular classifications developing a prognostic signature grounded in Th17 cell differentiation–related genes (TCDRGs) using machine learning algorithms head neck squamous carcinoma (HNSCC). A consensus clustering approach was applied to The Cancer Genome Atlas-HNSCC cohort based TCDRGs, followed by an examination differential gene expression limma package. Machine techniques were utilized for feature selection model construction, with validation performed GSE41613 cohort. interplay between predictive marker, immune landscape, immunotherapy response, drug sensitivity, clinical outcomes assessed, nomogram constructed. Functional evaluations TCDRGs conducted through colony formation, transwell invasion, wound healing assays. Two distinct HNSCC subtypes significant differences prognosis identified 87 indicating different levels differentiation. Thirteen differentially expressed selected used create risk signature, T17I, random survival forest algorithm. associated grade, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, T stage, somatic mutations. It revealed that there response–related pathways high- low-risk groups. Inflammatory activated group. T17I infiltration. Specifically, higher infiltration activation group, whereas high-risk group had M2 macrophages. In addition, sensitivity. combining age, accurately predicted patients HNSCC. Finally, vitro experiments confirmed knockdown LAT promotes proliferation, metastasis, invasion cells. conclusion, this successfully constructed HNSCC, which may aid personalized treatment strategies.

Language: Английский

Cytokine-based immunotherapy for gastric cancer: targeting inflammation for tumor control

Exploration of Targeted Anti-tumor Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: April 26, 2025

Emerging cancer immunotherapy methods, notably cytokine-based ones that modify immune systems' inflammatory reactions to tumor cells, may help slow gastric progression. Cytokines, tiny signaling proteins communicate between or hinder growth. Pro-inflammatory cytokines encourage development, whereas antitumor the host reject cells. This study considers cytokine-targeted methods for pro-inflammatory and responses. Researchers want renew cells like cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) natural killer (NK) by delivering interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferons (IFNs), necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) activate pathways combat tumors. Since have significant pleiotropic effects, their therapeutic use is difficult cause excessive systemic inflammation immunological suppression. review covers current advancements in synthetic cytokines, cytokine-conjugates, local administration of these aimed enhance index: increase potential kill while minimizing off-target damage. The examines relationship microenvironment (TME), revealing role immunosuppressive IL-10 transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) promoting an immune-evasive phenotype. These results suggest inhibitory pathway targeting, therapy overcome resistance mechanisms. Cytokine-based immunotherapies combined with checkpoint inhibitors are predicted change rebuild tumor-immune dynamics, restoring immunity. Comprehensive data from clinical studies will assist establishing position treatments cancer.

Language: Английский